Reciprocal Pronoun Puns

From what I understand most common personal pronouns in Vietnamese are non-reciprocal, such that between two people, the one that the one person would use for "I" the other would use for "you" and vice versa, with which uses which being determined by things like age, gender and social status. I know you have 'toi' and 'ban' (sorry for lack of diacritics) which are strictly first and second person, but what I'd heard is that if you use them for everyone you'd sound kinda like a robot. So how does that work online where you don't necessarily know anything about the other person?

Are reciprocal pronouns in German refer to these?:

miteinander, einander, auseinander

I have some trouble finding any information on google in German but I have the topic of Reziprokpronomen in an exam and want to make sure I am 100% sure what they are.

I'm dealing with a very complicated grammatical phenomenon in Croatian for which there seems to be very little explanation for language learners like me. The issue is reciprocal pronouns, those pronouns which correspond to 'each other' or 'one another' in English. Take some example sentences I've found:

>Mi ljubimo jedni druge. - We love one another.
>
>Ljubite jedni druge! - Love one another!
>
>Oni su poznati jedni druge za pet godina. - They have known each other for five years.
>
>Ova dva izvještaja u suprotnosti jedni druge. - The two reports contradict each other.
>
>Zašto se boje jedni drugih? - Why are they afraid of each other?
>
>Zar ne vidiš da im je potrebno jedni drugima? - Don’t you see that they need one another?
>
>Moja djeca uvijek pomažu jedni drugima. - My children always help one another.
>
>Zašto su naši preci jeli jedni druge? - Why did our ancestors eat one another?
>
>Mi smo suđeni jedno drugom. - We’re meant for one another.

Alright, so I can see some variant of 'jedni drugi' is roughly the way to express this in Croatian. However, I have found that each of these components can be in different cases and genders (jedan is usually jedni or jedno, and drugi can be anything; druge, drugima, drugom etc.)

Is there any rule which governs the agreement here? I have some theories of my own. I've perhaps noticed this:

Jedan always matches the subject:

Because the subject is always the plural, that means that the subject is usually jedni, like in the example:

>Mi ljubimo jedni druge.

Does that mean, however, that if I were talking about two women (one se vole) it would go like this:?

>Mi ljubimo jedne druge.

Or:

>One ljube jedne druge.

My second observation is that drugi is always the object of the verb. So, ljubiti is a transitive verb. In the above sentences, drugi is in the accusative plural (druge), because ljubiti takes the accusative case. Verbs like bojati se or pomagati which take objects in the genitive and dative respectively thus render drugi in the appropriate case:

>Zašto se boje jedni drugih? - Why are they afraid of each other?
>
>Moja djeca uvijek pomažu jedni drugima. - My children always help one another.

However, my theory kind of fell apart when I came across this sentence:

>Mi

Hi everyone, I understand that we use “se” to express reciprocity in verbs as in “Ellos se aman el uno al otro,” or just “Ellos se aman.” There are a few different ways we can say “one another” in Spanish. How about something like this: “Los niños juegan consigo el uno al otro.” Could this mean that the kids play with each other? Does the pronoun “sí” only have reflexive meaning, or can it also have a reciprocal one too? If not how do you express reciprocity with prepositions?

Hey! In my spare time I'm working on a highly agglutinative minlang that, with less than 1k roots and only basic grammar (four declensions, four tenses, and basically only three parts of speech: nouns+adjectives, verbs and particles) would cover most of everyday conversations – and hopefully much more, even though an astrophysics textbook seems out of reach:). It's a lot of fun trying to not only make up creative shortcuts that would make an artificial language, well, useful, but also trying to balance the weirdness and keep it simple to learn. I've asked a couple of months ago about the (typical in the PIE languages) three persons verb inflection, looking for ways to simplify it and break it down and you've given me quite a lot of ideas, so here I am with yet another open question – what do you do with reflexive verbs (and, somehow, impersonal verbs that seem to me to be loosely connected)?

The grammar of my minlang is supposed to be terribly regular (but then – boring and repetitive). But then the point is to also leave a lot of space for being creative, poetic, having one's own style of speaking etc. What I did not take into account was reflexivity and I supposed that it would be, most of the time, self-explanatory. "He cleans and then he goes to sleep" would basically imply he washes himself and he puts himself to sleep, while the same phrase with an accusative noun (there are four basic cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative) would mean, e.g., "He cleans the house(acc) and puts the kids(acc) to sleep(inf)".

But then, introducing the reflexive pronoun (-self, Latin/French se etc.) has a lot of pros and only some cons. It would make the language cleaner, more logical, but also more repetitive. It would make some verbs more productive and introduce fancy ambiguities where they're welcome, but it'd also mean there was a fixed list of reflexive verbs (where either a reflexive pronoun or some object is obligatory) to memorize. In my own language there's a fancy construction – you can add the reflexive pronoun to almost any non-reflexive verb which can be sort of translated into English as "One does XY", the French on or the German das Man – and it seems to me to be quite a nice feature. That's the impersonal part of reflexivity that I like a lot.

Creating yet another suffix/prefix for reflexivity in verb conjugation is out of the question because I really want to keep things simple. So my question is – do your conlangs have any inter

Do your worst!

For context I'm a Refuse Driver (Garbage man) & today I was on food waste. After I'd tipped I was checking the wagon for any defects when I spotted a lone pea balanced on the lifts.

I said "hey look, an escaPEA"

No one near me but it didn't half make me laugh for a good hour or so!

Edit: I can't believe how much this has blown up. Thank you everyone I've had a blast reading through the replies 😂

The "h" can only stand after a silent consonant for make it aspirate "t+h = tʰ "

There's no vowel harmony or consonant harmony because I didn't understand them yet.

e obbligatory becomes ɛ when stressed in trisillabic words

ɔ becomes o when stressed

ð is not pronounced if precedes another consonant

PHONOTACTICS

Max structure: (C)(C)V(C)

Onset: s, ʃ, θ, ð, t, b, f, v, p, ʒ, ɲ, r, ɾ, n, t͡s, d͡z, ʋ, ɕ

Coda: s, ð, ŋ, t, d, f, v, ʃ

Fricatives-Plosives

Plosives-Trills

Trills-Nasals

Trills-Fricatives

Plosives-Nasals

Nasals-Plosives

Nasals-Trills

SENTECES ORDER

SOV

GENDER

The gender split into animate and inanimate, is grammatical

GRAMMATICAL NUMBER

The number spit into singular and plural

CASES

NOMINATIVE(UNMARKED), ACCUSATIVE AND DATIVE

DECLENSION

There are 3 declension, the first(in -e), the second in (-i) and the third in (-o)

PERSONAL PRONOUNS

ta = first person singular

'øe = second person singular

'ʌqa/fer = third person singular animate/third person singular inanimate

rin = first person plural

'ʌpo = second person plural

sa'ið/s'inra = thirs person plural animate/third person inanimate

ACCUSATIVE PERSONAL PRONOUNS

aŋ = first person singular

'øe = second person singular

b'odra = third person singular

riŋ = first person plural

'ʌpo = second person plural

øʃ = third person plural

DATIVE PERSONAL PRONOUNS

T'ava = first person singular

'øev = second person singular

b'ɔvi = third person singular

r'ivi = first

Roland Barthes - Elements of Semiology - Chapter I - Notes

I. Language and Speech

I.1. In Linguistics

I.1.1 In Saussure:

Barthes introduces Saussure’s concept of the language/speech dichotomy.

Language(langue) is first defined as (i) a purely social object, (ii) a systematised set of conventions necessary to communication.

Speech(parole) is first defined as (i) the material of the signals which compose language, (ii) the form the application of the rules (which constitute language) takes.

I.1.2 The language (langue)

Language(langue) is further defined as both (i) a social institution and (ii) a system of values.

(i) social institution: Barthes describes langue as a “collective contract one must fully accept in order to communicate” or “a game with rules one must learn to be able to play it”.

(ii) system of values: The elements which make up langue each carry a certain value in themselves as signs and at the same time a value in relation and constellation to one another as they come together to form langue.

I.1.3 Speech (parole)

Speech(parole) is further defined as (i) “an individual act of selection and actualization”.

(i) individual act of selection and actualization: The speaking subject combines the elements of the language system to produce speech. The speech the speaking subject produces constitutes a personal thought the sp.su. wished to communicate. In this way, the speech act is not purely creative but combinative.

I.1.4 The dialectics of language and speech

There is no language without speech and no speech outside language. It is a relation of reciprocal comprehensiveness and we can only fully perceive and define the one in light of the other. Linguistics exists in the exchange between the two.

Language is at the same time the product and the instrument of speech: (i) Historically, it is speech which makes language evolve, i.e. speech phenomena precede language phenomena. (ii) Genetically, babies acquire language by being exposed to a speech rich environment not by reading grammar books.

I.1.5 In Hjemslev

Hjemslev provides a different way to structure language. He distinguishes three planes. The three planes I compare with platonic planes of existence:

(i) the schema: language as a pure form – language as abstract idea/form (e.g. the idea of tree, the philosopher)

(ii) the norm: language as material form – language as an „icon“ (e.g. a tree, Socrates as philosopher)

(ii) the

They’re on standbi

Pilot on me!!

In the Anguyaic language family, there's a curious set of verbal affixes which I've decided to call "Focus Role Markers". I'm not entirely sure if there's a natlang out there that has something exactly like them, but if there is please let me know.

The exact use of Focus Role Markers is different from language to language, but here I'm comparing two members from very different branches, Angw from the northern branch and Yítashu from the southern branch.

Focus Role Markers in Angw

The function of Focus Role Markers in Angw is very straightforward - they appear on function as direct-inverse markers on transitive verbs. The only exception to this is the Indefinite Direct, which may also appear on intransitives (see below). Here I'm just copying what I wrote about the system in a previous post on Angw Verb Morphology:

To disambiguate verbs, Angw uses a direct-inverse system very similar to that of the Algonquian languages. Basically, arguments are ranked according to a strict animacy hierarchy, if the subject is higher in the hierarchy than the object, the direct marker /k(i)-/ is used, if the subject is lower in the hierarchy, the inverse marker /t'(ɯ)-/ is used.

kiyił

/ki-jiɬ/

DIR-look.IMPF.PROG

"(he.PROX) looks (at him.OBV)"

į́į́náng t'íyił

/ŋnɑŋ t'ɯ-jiɬ/

3.ANIM.AGENT.OBV INV-look.IMPF.PROG

"he.OBV looks (at him.PROX)" (Obviate agents may not be dropped, so that's why there's a pronoun here)

In case of two animate third person arguments acting on one another, an obviate suffix (/-(æ)n/ is added to one of them.

The hierarchy in Angw is as follows:

2->1->Indefinite->3.Proximate->3.Obviate->Inanimate

The Focus Role markers are as follows:

Direct: /w-/ or /k(i)-/

(/w-/ is used in case of a 2. singular person acting on a 1. singular person, /k(i)-/ is used in all other cases)

Inverse: /t’(ɯ)-/

Reflexive/Reciprocal: /ciʁ̝-/

Indefinite (Direct): /x(æ)-/

Indefinite Inverse: /ɬ(æ)-/

Passivity is a different thing from the directionality system, passive/antipassive voice is indicated through the use of an "indefinite" prefix which fills out the same slot as the direct/inverse. Directly translated the indefinite person means something similar to "someone", i.e. "someone looked at him". The Indefinite person is ranked lower than 1st and 2nd person but higher than 3rd person, and there's a separate "indefinite inverse" prefix.

xíyił /xɯjiɬ/ - "I look" (Lit. "I look at someone")

**łí

Dad jokes are supposed to be jokes you can tell a kid and they will understand it and find it funny.

This sub is mostly just NSFW puns now.

If it needs a NSFW tag it's not a dad joke. There should just be a NSFW puns subreddit for that.

Edit* I'm not replying any longer and turning off notifications but to all those that say "no one cares", there sure are a lot of you arguing about it. Maybe I'm wrong but you people don't need to be rude about it. If you really don't care, don't comment.

What did 0 say to 8 ?

" Nice Belt "

So What did 3 say to 8 ?

" Hey, you two stop making out "

I won't be doing that today!

You take away their little brooms

This morning, my 4 year old daughter.

Daughter: I'm hungry

Me: nerves building, smile widening

Me: Hi hungry, I'm dad.

She had no idea what was going on but I finally did it.

Thank you all for listening.

There hasn't been a post all year!

This week marked the 1 year anniversary of the friendship I ended with a friend of 6 years. It was a difficult decision with even more difficult consequences - I struggled alot and realised that I was likely in love with the person. In the last year of our friendship, my friend confessed to me that she had romantic feelings for me (I did not) and would wait as long as she needed to for me to reciprocate those feelings, we had our futures planned out but there was one thing she was struggling with, she is an orthodox Christian with strict beliefs on homosexuality- I tried my very best (as someone who does not believe in a God) to convince her that God didn't hate her and that if she liked girls then that was 'Gods plan'. She began accepting her sexuality and was openly more and more masculine, Now one year after our separation, I noticed she began dressing feminine and wearing a cross necklace, she has removed her sexuality and pronouns from her bio and is different in person too - (same classes) . It sounds silly but you dont know her like I did, she changed completely. I grieve for the woman she was when she liked me, when she didnt feel ashamed. Leave it to religion to do this to a person, i love her every day and will continue to for the rest of my life but I cant help but sob knowing she thinks shes a sinner, I heard a song recently and it resonates with this situation- "if jesus died for all our sins, he left one behind, the body I'm in." I know religious people may say - maybe shes happier now. I will never believe that anyone can be happy buried in an idea that they are sick for simply loving another person.

It’s pronounced “Noel.”

After all his first name is No-vac

What, then, is Chinese rap?

Edit:

Notable mentions from the comments:

• Spanish/Swedish/Swiss/Serbian hits

• French/Finnish art

• Country/Canadian rap

• Chinese/Country/Canadian rock

• Turkish/Tunisian/Taiwanese rap

There hasn't been a single post this year!

(Happy 2022 from New Zealand)

just because i feel like its important, im nonbinary, i prefer they/them pronouns, and everyone mentioned is also queer

so, i (X21) live with 2 happy, long-term couples, and they are constantly happy and cuddling and stuff. it makes me feel extremely alone all the time. im touch starved because they dont touch me except for rare occasions where their partners are gone. what complicates it is i think im touch averse because i have borderline, because of the abuse i experienced as a kid and a traumatic 2 months at the beginning of college that isolated me really hard.

ive tried talking to them about it, and they seem like they understand, but then nothing changes. i cant get an esa because i would only want a dog and they wont let me get one, its non-negotiable. i dont feel comfortable touching them because theyre usually cuddling their partners and it feels like intruding and they never initiate touch with me. i also am a constant 5th wheel because of it.

im trying to meet new people, but covid makes it really hard, and i cant open up to people. i have 1 new friend who might be trying something romantic with me but i dont know how to reciprocate because of my trauma and how anxious i am around her.

i dont know what to do anymore. my problems are contradictory and i dont know how to fix them. i feel like ive tried everything and its hopeless. i feel so so so alone in this and i feel like im stuck with what i have.

advice would be appreciated, but i think im mostly just venting at this point. if anyone has/had a similar situation id love to hear it and how you cope with it (if you do).

Bob

When I got home, they were still there.

So that I could frequently say, "I am going to walk 5 miles now."

Edit: My most popular post on Reddit! 😀 Thank you for the awards.

Just to clarify, 12345678

Me grabbing a soda from my (what I thought was) half full 12pk...

Notices there's only 2;

Me: "Awe man... This is a damn bird box!" Her: "What the hell does that mean?!" Me: (Pulls both cans out & shows them to her) "It's only got Toucans."

I'm not ashamed to admit the look on her face was glorious.

**Warning: I am a rambly but thorough, thoughtful person! TL;DR below**

Some background: I've recently gotten back into dating after going through a divorce and feeling comfortable with myself (aka feeling emotionally over that relationship and feeling excited and ready to get back out there). My marriage ended because we figured out we didn't connect on much other than supporting each other (long story, for another time). So to be clear, my wife knew I was questioning and validated me, it was not the reason we ended the relationship.

Fast forward to setting up my dating profiles and putting myself out there. I reflected on where I was was with my questioning journey and decided to make it clear very early on (first or second date) that I was questioning but still felt attracted to women and definitely was on the queer spectrum but still figuring it out (I hope that's an okay way of saying that!). Dated a few people and felt confident, comfortable and attracted to some of the women I went out with. And on top of that, I felt like I was being as true to myself as I could be by letting them know up front.

Now, to the rejection I'm referring to. I met a cis-het woman (we talked about our pronouns and orientation early on) and felt a real spark. And she reciprocated! Like, a lot! It felt great! Went on a few dates and one lead to sex. I wasn't able to finish but she was and we both felt great about it (more on this later). Our communication seemed great and we were checking up on each other daily on how we were feeling. For the first time in a while I felt like asking her to go exclusive with me -- and she wanted to also, so we became an item...

But this weekend was different. We got drunk and high together and I shared with her a lot about my questioning journey, including my thoughts about transitioning, the 'kind' of body and girl I'd want to be, but that right now the thought of that mostly just turns me on as opposed to feeling "right" (sounds super eggy, I know). Definitely was not thinking I'd share that this early on, but it felt right based on how well we had communicated. This was after we had had sex and I wasn't able to finish again. Anxious and paranoid me immediately went to "It's because I'm unsure of my gender" and wanted to be as honest as I could be with her, but also, we were still pretty new to being intimate and there were some nerves. In the moment, she was extremely understanding and validating. Overall, I felt a budding chemistr