Easy method for a full decarboxylation of ibotenic acid

This is an explanation of the low-pH simmer method to achieve a full decarboxylation of ibotenic acid, as shown in 1985 (2.7 pH at 100C for 2.3 hours) [1] and successfully repeated in 1993 (4.0 pH at 100C for ~2 hours) [2], 2012 (2.6 pH at 195-212F for 3 hours) [3], and numerous times by synthetic organic chemist Dirk Digglar (found the reaction happens best at 2.5-3.0 pH at 100C for 3 hours) [4]. Fresh mushrooms are preferred for this method because they contain the most IBO possible and will therefore yield the most MUS, but dried mushrooms can be used as well.

Materials needed:

-water

-stainless steel pot with lid

-stove/burner

-lemon juice or citric acid powder

-pH meter

-distilled water for cleaning the meter

-something to strain the mushroom material at the end such as cheesecloth, coffee filters, etc.

  1. If using fresh mushrooms, remove all dirt and worms to the best of your ability (can use a non-serrated knife and toothbrush for cleaning). Dice into small cubes, or cut into thin slices (picture of mushroom formation with large slices was just for fun; the slices were diced into much smaller pieces later).
  2. If using dried mushrooms, cut into small pieces with scissors or rip apart with your fingers. Do not grind into powder or else it will be difficult to strain out at the end.
  3. Optional β€” weigh cap and stipe mushroom material separately and make note of it for your own records.
  4. Fill stainless steel pot on stove with tap or spring water. You can use distilled water, but you will need to swirl it around and wait for pH to adjust as it absorbs CO2 from the air. Add enough water to last the duration of the simmer (some water will evaporate from the sides of the pot) but not an excessive amount.
  5. Add mushrooms to pot, stir around, and wait about ten minutes for the pH of the water to adjust.
  6. Add a very tiny amount of lemon juice or citric acid powder, stir, and then measure the pH of the water. Keep adding a tiny bit more until the pH value is between 2.5 and 3.0.
  7. Put the pot lid on, bring to a boil, then lower heat and maintain simmer with the pot lid on (only removing lid to check on it). Check the pH of the water every half hour to make sure it’s in the correct range.
  8. Allow to cool to room temperature.
  9. Strain out mushroom matter, squeeze remaining liquid from mushrooms, and discard mushroom matter.
  10. Optional β€” make note of the volume of liquid you end up with for your own records.
  11. Add the li
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πŸ‘€︎ u/RdCrestdBreegull
πŸ“…︎ Aug 31 2021
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SERIOUS: This subreddit needs to understand what a "dad joke" really means.

I don't want to step on anybody's toes here, but the amount of non-dad jokes here in this subreddit really annoys me. First of all, dad jokes CAN be NSFW, it clearly says so in the sub rules. Secondly, it doesn't automatically make it a dad joke if it's from a conversation between you and your child. Most importantly, the jokes that your CHILDREN tell YOU are not dad jokes. The point of a dad joke is that it's so cheesy only a dad who's trying to be funny would make such a joke. That's it. They are stupid plays on words, lame puns and so on. There has to be a clever pun or wordplay for it to be considered a dad joke.

Again, to all the fellow dads, I apologise if I'm sounding too harsh. But I just needed to get it off my chest.

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πŸ‘€︎ u/anywhereiroa
πŸ“…︎ Jan 15 2022
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Deutsche Sprachspassfakten

Seit geraumer Zeit sammeln sich in meinem Hirn Spassfakten zur deutschen Sprache an, die ich hier mal zusammentragen wollte. Vielleicht interessiert sich ja der ein oder andere dafür. Über mehr Fakten in den Kommentaren würde ich mich huere freuen!

  1. Das Eszett existiert in der Schweiz nicht und der Titel ist gemΓ€ss dem schweizerischen Standarddeutschen vΓΆllig korrekt.
  2. Das schweizerdeutsche VerstΓ€rkungswort huere (dt. ugs. mega) stammt tatsΓ€chlich vom Begriff Hure bzw. Huer ab. Hure geht auf ein indoeuropΓ€isches Wort zurΓΌck, das so viel wie "gern haben" bedeutet.
  3. Igel und Egel stammen beide vom indoeuropΓ€ischen Wort fΓΌr Schlange (*Γͺghi-) ab. Igel, da dieser Schlangen frisst, Egel, da dieser wie eine Schlange aussieht.
  4. Das Wort lΓ€ssig wurde in der Vergangenheit auch fΓΌr Tage verwendet, die fΓΌr den Aderlass geeignet waren (in astrologischer Hinsicht oder so).
  5. Die Redewendung "Jemanden im Stich lassen." entspringt hΓΆchstwahrscheinlich dem mittelalterlichen Ritterturnier, Tjost. Wenn ein Knappe seinem Ritter nach einem Fall nicht mehr zurΓΌck aufs Pferd hilft, lΓ€sst er diesen wortwΓΆrtlich im Stich des gegnerischen Ritters.
  6. "Ich verstehe nur Bahnhof" wiederum stammt aus dem Ersten Weltkrieg. Die kriegsmΓΌden Soldaten verstanden nur noch Bahnhof, weil sie am liebsten heimgereist wΓ€ren. Auch die Redewendung 08/15 stammt von da. Die Nummer bezeichnet ein Maschinengewehr. Die Verwendung der Redewendung geht entweder auf die mangelhafte QualitΓ€t des Gewehrs oder die Standardisierung und Austauschbarkeit seiner Komponenten zurΓΌck.
  7. Das Schweizerdeutsche GrΓΌezi ist keine Kontraktion von "GrΓΌss Sie!", sondern von der alten Grussformel "Gott grΓΌez i!". Dabei ist Gott das Subjekt, im Sinne von "Gott grΓΌss Euch".
  8. Der Begriff Putsch, der auch in anderen Sprachen Verwendung findet, ist ursprΓΌnglich ebenfalls Schweizerdeutsch und stammt aus ZΓΌrich. (ZΓ€me-)putschen bedeutet so viel wie zusammenstossen. Der Begriff wurde aus ZΓΌrich entnommen, da der ZΓΌriputsch zu seiner Zeit vermutlich das erste Ereignis war, das so benannt wurde. (Danke an u/b00nish fΓΌr die ErgΓ€nzung!)
  9. MΓΌsli wird im Englischen als muesli mit <e> geschrieben, da es sich dabei ebenfalls um ein Wort (bzw. im Falle des BirchermΓΌeslis ein Gericht) schweizerdeutscher Herkunft handelt. Mues (Mus) wurde im Schweizerdeutschen nicht monophthongiert. Ein MΓΌsli wΓ€re im Schweizerdeutschen der Diminutiv von Maus (Muus). Dieser Begriff wurde in der Schweiz
... keep reading on reddit ➑

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πŸ‘€︎ u/Doldenbluetler
πŸ“…︎ Jun 06 2021
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Blind Girl Here. Give Me Your Best Blind Jokes!

Do your worst!

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πŸ‘€︎ u/Leckzsluthor
πŸ“…︎ Jan 02 2022
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This subreddit is 10 years old now.

I'm surprised it hasn't decade.

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πŸ‘€︎ u/frexyincdude
πŸ“…︎ Jan 14 2022
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Dropped my best ever dad joke & no one was around to hear it

For context I'm a Refuse Driver (Garbage man) & today I was on food waste. After I'd tipped I was checking the wagon for any defects when I spotted a lone pea balanced on the lifts.

I said "hey look, an escaPEA"

No one near me but it didn't half make me laugh for a good hour or so!

Edit: I can't believe how much this has blown up. Thank you everyone I've had a blast reading through the replies πŸ˜‚

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πŸ‘€︎ u/Vegetable-Acadia
πŸ“…︎ Jan 11 2022
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What starts with a W and ends with a T

It really does, I swear!

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πŸ‘€︎ u/PsychedeIic_Sheep
πŸ“…︎ Jan 13 2022
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Why did Karen press Ctrl+Shift+Delete?

Because she wanted to see the task manager.

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πŸ‘€︎ u/Eoussama
πŸ“…︎ Jan 17 2022
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So 2 trees got arrested in the town I live...

Heard they've been doing some shady business.

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πŸ‘€︎ u/K1ll47h3K1n9
πŸ“…︎ Jan 18 2022
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What is the scariest tree?

BamBOO!

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πŸ‘€︎ u/K1ll47h3K1n9
πŸ“…︎ Jan 18 2022
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What is a a bisexual person doing when they’re not dating anybody?

They’re on standbi

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πŸ‘€︎ u/Toby-the-Cactus
πŸ“…︎ Jan 12 2022
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Geddit? No? Only me?
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πŸ‘€︎ u/shampy311
πŸ“…︎ Dec 28 2021
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I wanna hear your best airplane puns.

Pilot on me!!

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πŸ‘€︎ u/Paulie_Felice
πŸ“…︎ Jan 07 2022
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E or ß?
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πŸ‘€︎ u/Amazekam
πŸ“…︎ Jan 03 2022
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Which actor drives the least?

Christopher Walken

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πŸ‘€︎ u/TR1771N
πŸ“…︎ Jan 18 2022
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What did Spartacus say when the lion ate his wife?

Nothing, he was gladiator.

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πŸ‘€︎ u/rj104
πŸ“…︎ Jan 15 2022
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Pun intended.
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πŸ‘€︎ u/Sharmaji1301
πŸ“…︎ Jan 15 2022
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No spoilers
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πŸ‘€︎ u/Onfour
πŸ“…︎ Jan 06 2022
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Covid problems
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πŸ‘€︎ u/theincrediblebou
πŸ“…︎ Jan 12 2022
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Should we create an English word for the 'day after tomorrow'?

Or would that be too forward thinking?

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πŸ‘€︎ u/afunkysquirrel
πŸ“…︎ Jan 19 2022
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These aren't dad jokes...

Dad jokes are supposed to be jokes you can tell a kid and they will understand it and find it funny.

This sub is mostly just NSFW puns now.

If it needs a NSFW tag it's not a dad joke. There should just be a NSFW puns subreddit for that.

Edit* I'm not replying any longer and turning off notifications but to all those that say "no one cares", there sure are a lot of you arguing about it. Maybe I'm wrong but you people don't need to be rude about it. If you really don't care, don't comment.

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πŸ‘€︎ u/Lance986
πŸ“…︎ Dec 15 2021
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I was almost upset that my coffee tasted like dirt today

but then I remembered it was ground this morning.

Edit: Thank you guys for the awards, they're much nicer than the cardboard sleeve I've been using and reassures me my jokes aren't stale

Edit 2: I have already been made aware that Men In Black 3 has told a version of this joke before. If the joke is not new to you, please enjoy any of the single origin puns in the comments

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πŸ‘€︎ u/scarf_spheal
πŸ“…︎ Jan 19 2022
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Spi__
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πŸ‘€︎ u/Fast_Echidna_8520
πŸ“…︎ Jan 11 2022
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What did 0 say to 8 ?

What did 0 say to 8 ?

" Nice Belt "

So What did 3 say to 8 ?

" Hey, you two stop making out "

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πŸ‘€︎ u/designjeevan
πŸ“…︎ Jan 03 2022
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I had a vasectomy because I didn’t want any kids.

When I got home, they were still there.

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πŸ‘€︎ u/demotrek
πŸ“…︎ Jan 13 2022
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I dislike karma whores who make posts that imply it's their cake day, simply for upvotes.

I won't be doing that today!

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πŸ‘€︎ u/djcarves
πŸ“…︎ Dec 27 2021
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For Gotham
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πŸ‘€︎ u/FreeHugsXD
πŸ“…︎ Jan 17 2022
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The Ancient Romans II
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πŸ‘€︎ u/mordrathe
πŸ“…︎ Dec 29 2021
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I'd like to dedicate this joke to my wisdom teeth.

[Removed]

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πŸ‘€︎ u/ThoughtPumP
πŸ“…︎ Jan 14 2022
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I did it, I finally did it. After 4 years and 92 days I went from being a father, to a dad.

This morning, my 4 year old daughter.

Daughter: I'm hungry

Me: nerves building, smile widening

Me: Hi hungry, I'm dad.

She had no idea what was going on but I finally did it.

Thank you all for listening.

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πŸ‘€︎ u/Sk2ec
πŸ“…︎ Jan 01 2022
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Where do you find a cow with no legs?

Where ever you left it πŸ€·β€β™€οΈπŸ€­

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πŸ‘€︎ u/kitkatty0309
πŸ“…︎ Jan 16 2022
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It this sub dead?

There hasn't been a post all year!

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πŸ‘€︎ u/TheTreelo
πŸ“…︎ Jan 01 2022
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Naan-negotiable
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πŸ‘€︎ u/sjmaeff
πŸ“…︎ Jan 16 2022
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How do you stop Canadian bacon from curling in your frying pan?

You take away their little brooms

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πŸ‘€︎ u/Majorpain2006
πŸ“…︎ Jan 09 2022
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Remember that joke I told you about the chiropractor?

It was about a weak back.

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πŸ‘€︎ u/tanglwyst
πŸ“…︎ Jan 16 2022
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School Was Clothed
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πŸ‘€︎ u/Kennydoe
πŸ“…︎ Jan 08 2022
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Couch potato
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πŸ“…︎ Dec 31 2021
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Letting loose with these puns
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Baka!
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πŸ‘€︎ u/ridi86
πŸ“…︎ Jan 09 2022
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My name is ABCDEFGHIJKMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

It’s pronounced β€œNoel.”

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πŸ‘€︎ u/beef_fried_rice
πŸ“…︎ Dec 25 2021
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All dad jokes are bad and here’s why

Why

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πŸ‘€︎ u/LordCinko
πŸ“…︎ Jan 13 2022
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concrete πŸ—Ώ
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πŸ‘€︎ u/Fast_Echidna_8520
πŸ“…︎ Jan 07 2022
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Why are people so surprised and angry about Djokovic being an anti-vaxxer?

After all his first name is No-vac

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πŸ‘€︎ u/hangryman23
πŸ“…︎ Jan 06 2022
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If Korean pop is shortened to Kpop and Korean Drama is Kdrama...

What, then, is Chinese rap?

Edit:

Notable mentions from the comments:

  • Spanish/Swedish/Swiss/Serbian hits

  • French/Finnish art

  • Country/Canadian rap

  • Chinese/Country/Canadian rock

  • Turkish/Tunisian/Taiwanese rap

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πŸ‘€︎ u/hootanahalf
πŸ“…︎ Jan 09 2022
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That’s Michelle
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πŸ‘€︎ u/FLEXSEALBREAKER
πŸ“…︎ Jan 10 2022
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Knowledgeable man
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πŸ‘€︎ u/elisioth4739
πŸ“…︎ Jan 16 2022
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Is this sub still active?

There hasn't been a single post this year!

(Happy 2022 from New Zealand)

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πŸ‘€︎ u/DonStimpo
πŸ“…︎ Dec 31 2021
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What did the ocean say to the beach?

Nothing, it just waved

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πŸ‘€︎ u/hackerboi1198
πŸ“…︎ Jan 13 2022
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is Isn't
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πŸ‘€︎ u/mordrathe
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