Autotroph Puns

Autotrophs are known as producers because they are able to make their own food from raw materials and energy.

Heterotrophs are known as consumers because they consume producers or other consumers.

>However, there is also a theory, that unicorns don´t even need any food, they just eat it for fun. According to this theory, unicorns get all their energy from the sun through their horns.
>
>https://magicalunicornlife.com/what-do-unicorns-eat/

So, I was just wondering about how life would look on a gas giant (if that's even possible) and ran into a roadblock regarding the presence of autotrophs. To put it simply, I have no idea of how an autotroph could even exist on something like a gas giant. That said, I'm pretty dumb when it comes to speculative evolution and biology, so I would like to hear if anyone can find a way for autotrophs to exist on a gas giant.

So just hear me out on this ok? The hulks human body would not be able to sustain enough energy to allow what his hulk form does. When he turns into his hulk form, he turns green. In living organisms green more than often means chlorophyll is present. My theory is that when the hulk form is brought out, his body rapidly produces Chlorophyll to allow the Hulk to make his own energy. Therefore the hulk is an Autotroph.

Edit: spelling and punctuation

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Could autotrophs ever become the dominant lifeforms of their planet, and perhaps eventually achieve sentience and civilization assuming that the threat posed to them by the planet's heterotrophs is insignificant? What factors would lead to a species of autotrophs evolving into this and what features and behaviors would these alien autotrophs need to evolve that would set them apart from other sentients?

https://preview.redd.it/p4kud51f1m641.png?width=595&format=png&auto=webp&s=80b0d1428e29a22b0514d4393e8b519e57005c04

Hey everyone, hope all is well! I have a new open ecology article of the week, and this one is from the journal Ecological Monographs.

You can find the open access link here: https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ecm.1399

Please feel free to discuss this article in the comments below if you like. Questions, comments, or anything remotely relevant is fair game!

Abstract: Soils are currently leaching out dissolved organic matter (DOM) at an increasing pace due to climate and land use change or recovery from acidification. The implications for stream biogeochemistry and food webs remain largely unknown, notably the metabolic balance (biotic CO2 emissions) and carbon cycling between autotrophs and bacteria. We increased by 12% the flux of DOM in a stream for three weeks to mimic a pulse of natural DOM supply from soils rich in organic matter. We were able to track its fate into the food web through the use of a before and after control impact experimental design and the addition of DOM with a distinctive δ13C signature. We used whole‐stream metabolism to quantify carbon fluxes. Both photosynthesis and heterotrophic respiration increased rapidly following C addition, but this was short lived, likely due to nutrient limitations. Carbon exchange between autotrophs and bacteria in the control stream accounted for about 49% of bacterial production and 37% of net primary production, under stable flow conditions. Net primary production relied partly (19% in the control) on natural allochthonous dissolved organic carbon via the CO2 produced by bacterial respiration, intermingling the green and brown webs. The preferential uptake of labile carbon by bacteria and excess bacterial CO2 relative to nutrients (N, P) for autotrophs shifted the reciprocal carbon exchange between bacteria and autotrophs to a predominantly one‐way carbon flow from bacteria to autotrophs, increasing the C:N:P molar ratios of autotrophs, the latter likely to become less palatable to consumers. The bacterial response to sucrose addition shifted the metabolic balance toward heterotrophy increasing biotic CO2 emissions (+125%), shortened the average distance travelled by a molecule of organic matter (−40%), and thus provided less organic matter of lower quality for downstream ecosystems. Even a small increase in labile dissolved organic matter supply due to climate and land use change could significantly alter in‐stream carbon cycling, with large effects on str

So, I've been thinking for a while about how highly motile autotrophs might evolve (highly motile meaning truly walking/swimming/slithering/etc, as opposed to drifting or slowly growing in a particular direction), and I think I might have come up with something workable involving soil nutrient levels. Basically, it involves an ecosystem with soil-dwelling organisms that are constantly moving, possibly due to a predator/prey dynamic where one large group is constantly chasing another. This would mean that the soil would have plenty of valuable nutrients in areas where these organisms are active or have recently been active, but as they move on, the soil gradually becomes less and less fertile. In this environment, a plantlike autotroph might develop motility in order to keep up with the relatively fast-moving soil organisms. The biological equipment needed for motility would then necessitate higher energy and nutrient levels, which would then give an advantage to individuals with higher motility since they could more effectively follow and search for high-nutrient soil regions, until eventually the species is motile in the same way an Earthly animal is. Any thoughts on this idea?

This stance is only viable if it is indeed true that inanimate objects or energies are not in of themselves a form of life, which is what we currently believe from a scientific perspective. The first creature to mutate/evolve to obtain it's energy from taking the life of another being, thus committing the first "sin" if you will, stopped being worthy of it's own existence. So in this way, I don't believe that ALL life should go extinct, but certainly all heterotrophic life should.

On the other hand, if it's actually possible for autotrophic life to experience suffering then perhaps it too is better off perishing entirely. I kind of flip flop on these two stances I guess.

I saw while reading about the Animalia Kingdom that almost all are heterotrophic, this being one of the defining characteristics of the kingdom. So I did some research and could not find any examples of autotrophic animals. Can anyone clarify this or give a few examples of these organisms?

It seems like autotrophs and phototrophs are very similar, typically using light to produce energy. But CO2 is not organic so can a chemolithotroph be an autotroph? It seems like the definitions overlap.

Alternatively, why isn't the world a LOT more plant like? What caused the first carnivore/omnivore to become the way it was? There is a LOT of diversity in plants as it were, and I could see similar features available to carnivores being done alternatively as an herbivore, or at least allowing most, if not all, organisms access to hybrid photosynthesis/heterotrophic behavior.

Can't quite think of the downsides to it aside from how complicated the process is as well as the energy needed (on a plant's scale [size], anyway) to do so.

What would be the consequences of things like this? I'm thinking of life as it were, but evolving more towards the path of photosynthetic skin/epidermis.

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