Increased glucose (solute) in the proximal convoluted tubule means increased osmotic flow which means the osmotic pressure (if we wanted to stop osmotic flow) is also higher and in the opposite direction of the osmotic flow. Thanks in advance.
why solvent molecules pass the mebrane from the low-concentration solution to the high-concentration solution? For example, in saltwater, why Na+ and Cl- prevent water molecules to pass through a membrane to pure water?
I don't know if this is the right place to ask this question; is milk osmotic pressure regulated by Lactose and Caseine or Lactose and Chloride ?
Wondering what to set my spunding to for speed vs ester/phenol production. Last batch I tried 8 psig and even though I screwed up and added too little YAN it still took 2 weeks @ 95 Β° F. Still at 95 Β° F this batch, plenty of YAN, just wondering where to set spunding. Currently at 10 psig.
osmotic pressure= MRT and since R is a gas constant I was wondering if the equation can be applied to liquids at all and if not, is there another formula
An answer explanation states that in a hypotonic medium, there is greater osmotic pressure in the cell than in the medium, which decreases following the movement of water into the cell. I thought osmotic pressure opposes the movement of water during osmosis. Wouldn't greater osmotic pressure from the cell make it less likely for water to flow into the cell to where the concentrations of water were in equilibrium inside and outside the cell?
A novel osmotic pressure sensor based on liposomes loaded with FRET dyes is developed, which experience volume changes responding to osmotic pressure due to water outflux through their semipermeable membrane. With FRET microscopy, measurement of osmotic pressures in situ with spatiotemporal resolution is demonstrated, which has not been achieved so far.
Abstract
Osmotic pressures (OPs) play essential roles in biological processes and numerous technological applications. However, the measurement of OP in situ with spatiotemporal resolution has not been achieved so far. Herein, we introduce a novel kind of OP sensor based on liposomes loaded with waterβsoluble fluorescent dyes exhibiting resonance energy transfer (FRET). The liposomes experience volume changes in response to OP due to water outflux. The FRET efficiency depends on the average distance between the entrapped dyes and thus provides a direct measure of the OP surrounding each liposome. The sensors exhibit high sensitivity to OP in the biologically relevant range of 0β0.3β MPa in aqueous solutions of salt, small organic molecules, and macromolecules. With the help of FRET microscopy, we demonstrate the feasibility of spatiotemporal OP imaging, which can be a promising new tool to investigate phenomena involving OPs and their dynamics in biology and technology.
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https://preview.redd.it/qfkwfw31kyf61.jpg?width=1088&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=f904ab003b70eab66afb6c0bee7cc98881636a73
I know that the formula for osmotic pressure is
molarity of solution * the gas constant * temperature in Kelvins*Van't hoff factor
So would it be 2.0 = M * 0.08206 * (34+273.15) and solve for M? Do I need to use the 200.0 ml in the question somewhere?
It would be greatly appreciated βΊοΈ!
Hi
So i was tasked to find out what effects the type of membrane have on osmotic pressure. I have to come up with different types if ionsensitiv membranes, so membranes that either only let anions OR kations pass through, but not both.. any ideas anybody?
Learning about the kidneys. Sodium seems to drag water everywhere it goes, but not so much other ions like potassium or calcium. Why is this?
I have a general question about osmotic pressure,
As far as I know, I think each one of them is
Osmotic Pressure: The pressure required to prevent osmosis from happening
Osmotic Potential: The potential for a fluid from move from one place to another, usually from a place of high osmolarity to low osmolarity.
The part I believe I am confused about, however, is the fact that fluids go from low osmotic pressure to high osmotic pressure. I know why fluid goes from high osmotic potential to low osmotic potential and from areas of low solute concentrations to high solute concentrations.
Here's an example: https://imgur.com/a/BiqCR6l
In the picture, assuming that this is like a capillary and the white lines are the endothelial cells, I see why there would be hydrostatic pressure pushing out and osmotic pressure pushing in the vessel. However, because the osmotic pressure is being pushed into the vessel, wouldn't that mean that there would be higher osmotic pressure outside the vessel with low osmotic pressure inside? Also, wouldn't this mean that hydrostatic pressure is high inside the vessel and low outside the vessel? I know these two are wrong, but I'm not sure why.
Is it the fact that because the osmotic pressure is being exerted on the vessel, the osmotic pressure in the vessel is high? (and would I then be able to say low solute concentration = low osmotic pressure?)
Thank you, I hate pressure and buoyancy stuff
I am currently working on the design for a robot which operates in ocean saltwater. The robot itself is essentially a membrane, which mimics the kinematics of a jellyfish.
My main goal is to provide a power source for this motion. Sure I could go with solar energy, but I am more interested in osmotic energy.
I understand osmotic pressure arises from the pressure gradient from denser freshwater to less-dense salt water. This can then be used to harvest the energy of that pressure in many ways.
My main question is whether a sea-faring vessel could exploit this for locomotion for net positive energy generation, when it also must desalinate the water to create the osmotic pressure in the first place. 2nd law of thermodynamics gives me the intuition that desalination consumes more energy than can be produced by the pressure gradient.
Could solar energy catalyze the desalination, from which osmotic pressure provides more energy than what is required to desalinate? Am I trying to lift myself up while standing in a bucket here?
Hey everyone, taking a basic Anatomy and Physiology and paper and im trying to understand Osmotic Pressure and Hydrostatic Pressures and their roles in the concept of Tonicity. Would love if you guys could help provide some clarity.
what are they? How are they different? In what context would these be discussed? Do they compete with each other or are they entirely separate concepts that you wouldn't expect to see in the same context? Just a bit confused about them generally.
A novel osmotic pressure sensor based on liposomes loaded with FRET dyes is developed, which experience volume changes responding to osmotic pressure due to water outflux through their semipermeable membrane. With FRET microscopy, measurement of osmotic pressures in situ with spatiotemporal resolution is demonstrated, which has not been achieved so far.
Abstract
Osmotic pressures (OPs) play essential roles in biological processes and numerous technological applications. However, the measurement of OP in situ with spatiotemporal resolution has not been achieved so far. Herein, we introduce a novel kind of OP sensor based on liposomes loaded with waterβsoluble fluorescent dyes exhibiting resonance energy transfer (FRET). The liposomes experience volume changes in response to OP due to water outflux. The FRET efficiency depends on the average distance between the entrapped dyes and thus provides a direct measure of the OP surrounding each liposome. The sensors exhibit high sensitivity to OP in the biologically relevant range of 0β0.3β MPa in aqueous solutions of salt, small organic molecules, and macromolecules. With the help of FRET microscopy, we demonstrate the feasibility of spatiotemporal OP imaging, which can be a promising new tool to investigate phenomena involving OPs and their dynamics in biology and technology.
https://ift.tt/35zgaJy
Osmotic pressures play essential roles in biological processes and numerous technological applications. However, the measurement of osmotic pressures inβsitu with spatiotemporal resolution has not been achieved so far. Here, we introduce a novel kind of osmotic pressure sensors based on liposomes (average hydrodynamic diameter β 1 ΞΌm) loaded with highly waterβsoluble fluorescent dyes exhibiting resonance energy transfer (FRET). The liposomes are prepared with a simple extrusion method and experience volume changes in response to osmotic pressure due to water outflux through their semipermeable membrane. The FRET efficiency depends on the effective concentration of the entrapped dyes and thus provides a direct measure of the osmotic pressure surrounding each liposome at a given point in space and time. The sensors show quick response and high sensitivity to osmotic pressures in the biologically relevant range of 0 β 0.3 MPa in aqueous solutions of salt, small organic molecules, and macromolecules. With the help of FRET microscopy, we demonstrate the feasibility of spatiotemporal osmotic pressure imaging, which can be a promising new tool to investigate phenomena involving osmotic pressures and their dynamics in biology and technology.
https://ift.tt/35zgaJy
