I wanted to try OpenBSD just out of curiosity. After the installation was complete I learned that OpenBSD doesn't support EXT4 filesystem. I have a spinning HDD which was EXT4. I backed up all data & formatted it to EXT2. Unfortunately I didn't like OpenBSD so I installed Linux again.
Now, the question is should I backup all data that is on the spinning HDD (EXT2) & format it to EXT4 ?
Are there any disadvantages in using EXT2 filesystem ?
I need to copy some large files (> 130 GB) onto a server that only supports ext2/ext4. I got a 2TB external hard drive and formatted it to ext2. When copying the files, the process will start out fast with 60 to 70 MB/s but slow down quickly to a speed of around 1 MB/s or even less. This will take days to copy the files I need.
I tried the same thing with a second drive so it doesn't seem to be a hardware problem.
When I format the drive to ext4 I can copy the files with a constant speed.
I couldn't find any reason online why ext2 should be this much slower than ext4. Is this just a limitation of ext2 or am I doing something wrong? Can I somehow speed this up?
Hi, I'm trying to develop a AARCH64 Ext2 driver for a custom UEFI bootloader which is written in C. The documentation on OSDev for Ext2 states the follow:
>Superblock is always located at byte 1024 from the beginning of the volume and is exactly 1024 bytes in length. For example, if the disk uses 512 byte sectors, the Superblock will begin at LBA 2 and will occupy all of sector 2 and 3.
Since the UEFI bootloader file (bootx64.efi) must be located in a FAT32 partition this presents a challenge since there is more than one partition and the Fat32 partition must come first. So my question is how on earth do I guide the bootloader's ext2 driver to the proper partition in the first place and will the Superblock still be located "at byte 1024 from the beginning" of the partition just as it would be if it were a volume? For context the goal is to allow the bootloader to locate and start the Linux Kernel stored inside of a Ext2 partition on ARM. The targeted hardware is a Qualcomm Snapdragon 888 Hardware Dev Kit. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated. Thank you :)
I am using BTRFS everywhere and just now realize it might not be the best choice for my disk (SSD & HDDs) lifecycle when it comes to torrents. After reading several topics here on Reddit, I see 2 solutions:
Solution 1:
For the incomplete dir and complete dir, apply chattr +C to disable CoW. Do this on both dirs because Eventually files in complete dir are actually moved (hardlinked) by Sonarr/Radarr to series/movies archive dirs and the complete dir will be emptied frequently. Also mount with noatime.
Solution 2:For torrenting, especially the incomplete dir, use Ext4 or even better: a filesystem without journalling like Ext2.
In both cases, if you have plenty of RAM, figure out how to let the torrent client use as much as RAM possible to limit disk i/o.
As I couldn't find a clear recommendation in /r/btrfs I am posting here to see what you guys think. Note I use zstd:3 compression in SSD and zstd:8 on HDDs. Perhaps for torrenting, it's better to not use any compression?
I'm getting an NVMe drive to speed up my plots. Would it be okay to make the filesystem ext2 instead of ext3/4 or btrfs? I figure not having journaling would probably reduce the number of total writes to the drive, possibly extending its life, but I'm not sure if there are drawbacks that would make this a terrible idea. Does TRIM support matter a lot? Would it just be better to go ext4 and disable journaling after formatting the partition?
Hey folks, I am attempting to install arch with lvm on luks with a detatched header with an encrypted /boot. I am following this wiki page. My system will boot, I type in my password for the /boot partition. The boot process starts then I get the following
Starting version 246.5-1-arch
Waiting for USB
Waiting for USB
Enter passphrase for /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Kingston_DataTraveler_3.0_409D5C167733E420697D2643-0:0-part2:
mount: /mnt: unknown filesytem type 'ext2'.
Device /mnt/luksheader does not exist or access denied.
umount: can't unmount /mnt: Invalid argument
ERROR: device '/dev/mapper/System-root' not found. Skipping fsck.
e2fsprogs is installed.
My mkinitcpio.conf hooks are HOOKS=(base udev autodetect keyboard keymap consolefont modconf block encrypt2 lvm2 filesystems fsck)
Edit: all i needed was the ext2 module thanks /u/boomboomsubban
I am looking for info on use of Ext2 for vxworks. Currently vxworks supports FAT16/FAT32 file systems however these come with limited allowable file sizes (Max 4 GB per file.) I was wondering if anyone has heard of a port of Ext2 into vxworks?
I have an ext2 disk image containing a file system for use with a virtual machine. I am running the machine on windows and was wondering if anyone knows of a way I could mount this disk image?
I usually work on linux and there you can just use the mount command. Is there some kind of similar functionality on windows?
Has CaC always been using ext2 format for the root partition? I was trying to repair my really old and really big VM (16cpu, 10 RAM, 200gb) and was taken back after running "blkid | grep TYPE; fdisk -l" Shouldn't we be using ext4?
/dev/mapper/CAC_VG-CAC_LV: UUID="74613ea4-76ed-4ffc-a746-ac868ad303a4" TYPE="ext2"
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 2048 2181118 2179071 1G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2181119 4362239 2181121 1G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 4362240 20969471 16607232 7.9G 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4 20969472 409599999 388630528 185.3G 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 20971520 409599999 388628480 185.3G 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/CAC_VG-CAC_LV: 193.2 GiB, 207475441664 bytes, 405225472 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I check some of my other VM and they are ext4, but not all. I created a new Ubuntu 16.04 and it's on ext2, but Debain 9 is on ext4. So during data migration they screwed up and moved to EXT2? Or certain data centers are setup to ext2 instead of ext4?
here is what i have so far.
USER-w20-ubuntu-18:~$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda5
mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
/dev/sda5 contains a swap file system
Proceed anyway? (y,N) y
/dev/sda5 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!
USER-w20-ubuntu-18:~$ clear
USER-w20-ubuntu-18:~$ mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
The file /dev/sdb1 does not exist and no size was specified.
USER-w20-ubuntu-18:~$ mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda5
mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
Could not open /dev/sda5: Permission denied
USER-w20-ubuntu-18:~$ sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda5
mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
/dev/sda5 contains a swap file system
Proceed anyway? (y,N) y
/dev/sda5 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!
USER-w20-ubuntu-18:~$ umount /dev/sda5
umount: /dev/sda5: not mounted.
USER-w20-ubuntu-18:~$
My evader ext2.4 has been a good rig for some time now, in fact it was my first ever rc back when I was 12. After about 8 years of enjoyment from the evader, it’s getting to a point where it’s hard to find parts and getting difficult to fix when I crash it. I think it may be time to shelve it, but I still want a stadium truck to drive. What are my options to choose from? I know about the Losi 22t and the associated T6.1 but those are more racers from what I can gather. I am trying to avoid the rustler but I know my options are slim. What would you guys recommend? I’m trying to stay under $400 if that helps.
Basically I have BGP and static routes coming into OSPF (on R1 and R2, from R3 & R4) and I want to redistribute them to BGP (at R7 & R8) with proper metrics. What are my options? Preferably the solution should be as automated as possible - meaning we do not want to use any route-maps and the like to modify metrics, if possible.
Routing diagram of the network
All OSPF internal metrics are ignored for External Type 2 routes, when redistributing from OSPF to BGP.
The BGP endpoints (R9 & R10) will get the routes from two different routers (R7 and R8), so having the same metric is undesirable, since the endpoints would have no clue, which route to prefer and would choose the oldest one.
Which means it can happen, that R9 chooses a path of R9 -> R8 -> R2 -> R1 -> R3 -> R5 - the path colored red on the diagram. Or path of R9 -> R7 -> R1 -> R2 -> R4 -> R6. Basically I want to avoid hoping R1 to R2 and instead choose the "direct path upwards", after choosing the first hop.
How to always consider the metrics of the E2 routes coming from the R5 and R6 (and also static routes from R1 and R2) and have the traffic go the most direct path in such a situation?
We can only modify heavily the configurations of R7 to R10. A solution that works, but is not preferable is to use AREA 0 OSPF for R7-R10.
EDIT: Our solution was to implement OSPF External Type 1 for all redistributed networks, so now BGP always knows to prefer the most direct path.
I am trying to implement a library to work on ext2 filesystems (not ext4 for simplicity). I have created a 2MB file, and created an ext2 system on it using mkfs.ext2. I mounted this file as a loop device (mount -o loop <fs file> /mnt), and wrote some things. But the blocks that are used in the inodes are not marked as used in the block bitmap. Does anybody have an idea why ?
I have been able to create an ext2 image and load files from it, however it is currently a separate disk from my grub-mkrescue boot disk. How could I add the ext2 filesystem (generated using genext2fs from a simple directory) to my boot disk image and load the filesystem from there.
Hi!
I want to sell my two Duratrax rc cars: EXT and EXT2 and was wondering what would be a good price to sell it for.
What I have:
Evader EXT (new shocks all around, needs rear tires, I think that previous owner cut out a hole in the back of the body for the power switch, but does look very neat, very decent condition for its age)
Evader EXT2 (nothing wrong with it, very decent condition for its age)
Two transmitters
Two 5000mAh NiMH batteries (about 1 year old)
1 Tower Hobbies charger
1 Prophet Plus charger (not sure if it's working, the battery connector is missing)
few suspension spare parts
I assume their products are based on Linux.
I bought one of their more expensive wireless routers so I could use its USB 3.0 port to share my external HDD on the network. It turned out it only supports FAT, FAT32, NTFS, exfat and hfs+.
I ended up sharing that drive using my Raspberry Pi, unfortunately that's limited to USB 2.0 and 100Mbps.
Do they not use ext as their internal filesystem either?
Here's their FAQ: http://www.tp-link.com/sa/faq-603.html
Noob question - but I've created my DCP in Premiere and now want to put it on the DCP Lite drive. Is it just drag and drop or what? How do I get the file of my PC and onto the new DCP Drive. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks :)
I'm going to run out of space for a task at 99.5% completion. I've already set the reserved blocks to zero using tune2fs. I'm only going to be using ~10,000 inodes out of the 15286272 that were created by default.
Can I shrink that after-the-fact with any tool, or am I stuck reformatting with "mkfs.ext2 -N 10000" and restarting the whole thing? If I have to reformat, I'll be wasting eight hours already spent, but it's better than wasting three more days before having to do it anyway.
Thanks!
