A list of puns related to "Steatohepatitis"
DOI: 10.2174/1570161118666201015152921
PMID: 33059580
URL: https://www.eurekaselect.com/186906/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108559
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33264665
BACKGROUND
Obesity is a chronic progressive disease with several metabolic alterations. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important co-morbidity of obesity that can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis or hepatocarcinoma. This study aimed at clarifying the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic alterations in hepatic and adipose tissue during high-fat high-sucrose diet-induced NAFLD development in mice.
METHODS
Twenty-four male mice (C57BL/6J) were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n=8 mice per group) to receive a chow diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), or a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HF-HSD) for 20 weeks. At sacrifice, liver and adipose tissue were obtained for histopathological, metabolomic, and protein expression analyses.
RESULTS
HF-HSD (but not HFD) was associated with NASH and increased oxidative stress. These animals presented an inhibition of hepatic autophagy and alterations in AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin activity. We also observed that the ability of metabolic adaptation was adversely affected by the increase of damaged mitochondria. NASH development was associated with changes in adipose tissue dynamics and increased amounts of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in visceral adipose tissue.
CONCLUSION
HF-HSD led to a metabolic blockage and impaired hepatic mitochondria turnover. In addition, the continuous accumulation of fatty acids produced adipose tissue dysfunction and hepatic fat accumulation that favored the progression to NASH.
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Open Access: False
Authors: Gerard Baiges-Gaya - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo - Fedra Luciano-Mateo - Noemí Cabré - Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs - Anna Hernández-Aguilera - Helena Castañé - Marta Romeu - Maria-Rosa Nogués - Jordi Camps - Jorge Joven -
Additional links: None found
Belopolsky Y, Khan MQ, Sonnenberg A, Davidson DJ, Fimmel CJ. Ketogenic, Hypocaloric Diet Improves Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. J Transl Int Med. 2020;8(1):26‐31. Published 2020 May 9. doi:10.2478/jtim-2020-0005
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32435609/
Background and objectives: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is strongly associated with obesity. A weight loss of ≥10% is necessary to improve NASH severity, but this goal has rarely been achieved in published studies using different diet protocols. The effect of a ketogenic, hypocaloric, commercial diet ("Ideal Protein," IP) on body weight, metabolic markers, and liver tests in a group of NASH patients is evaluated in this study. Daily calorie intake was tailored to achieve a weight loss of ≥10%.
Methods: We analyzed 38 patients with NASH who were placed on the IP diet between 2014 and 2018 and compared their outcomes with 6 control patients who declined the diet. All patients were evaluated by a trained health coach in weekly intervals throughout the study period. Clinical and laboratory data obtained before and at 6.5 months after intervention were compared using paired t-testing.
Results: The patients on the IP diet experienced a significant weight reduction (217 ± 8 lb vs. 194 ± 7 lb; mean ± S.E.M.), corresponding to an average weight loss of 9.7% ± 1.6%. Significant changes in systolic blood pressure (133 ± 3 mmHg vs. 123 ± 3 mmHg), triglycerides (200 ± 21 mmol/L vs. 132 ± 11 mmol/L), hemoglobin A1c (6.71% ± 0.29% vs. 5.74% ± 0.19%), SGPT (97.3 ± 11.1 IU/L vs. 44.2 ± 5.9 IU/L), SGOT (82.4 ± 10.5 IU/L vs. 32.8 ± 5.2 IU/L), and Fib-4 scores (2.25 ± 0.23 vs. 1.40 ± 0.13) were also observed (P<0.05 in all cases). In the IP group, 50.5% of patients lost ≥10% body weight. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the control group. The IP diet was well tolerated, and no safety signals were noticed.
Conclusions: A ketogenic, hypocaloric resulted in striking weight loss and significant improvements in metabolic parameters and liver tests, suggesting that this approach carries promise for the dietary management of patients with NASH.
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