You know there is Spain in b/w them and spanish doesn't even have a hint of it
Also how did Portuguese and French hot their weird /r/ [ʁ] (which actually sounds more like a [g]) like how did [r] turn into a [ʁ]
Spanish is my native language and I am not sure how we ended with a mostly sensible orthography but english ended up making contests on how to write words
Phonology
0 )
1 !
2 (
3 "
4 *
5 £
6 &
7 $
8 ^
9 %
Abstract
The Pareto 2an italian inventor0 principle states that, for many events, roughly ^)9 of the effects come from ()9 of the causes, therefore we, being humans that generally stick to small numebers, should use a number system that reflects this theorem.
Introducing base !). 2as you can see, ive designed an orthography that is cleaner, and easier to use than the arabic system0. You start with !, as usual. then you go to (, because its on the right. 2the %th symbol. Then you go to ", * and so left and so right. This lateral inversion mimics the back-and-forth nature of the human mind - the inner workings of the synapses between neurons in the brain 2this means that our children's capability for arithmetic will increase0 2there are approximately "4!)8" neurons in the brain of a child, for now0. The best thing about this ortho-numograph 2from latin0, is that it is incredibly international. About ()9 if the population use QWERTY keyboards, and based on the pareto principle 2i.e the pareto law0, the other ^)9 must also use this layout 2I do not need a source, as it's obviousF. In a sense, all modern computers since ())$ already make use of these symbols Further more, numerous branches of maths benifit from this reform. For examble, since time gone by, logicians have yearned for more numbers in their field. Thanks to my expertise, their plea has been answed. They now have access to more numbers than ever before1, nameley, their favourite symbols 303 and 323.
Feedback? Please give your responses in the roman alphabet, by applying the changes outlined in this doccument to each letter 2provided that you have the same keyboard layout as me0 2i.e 3A3 for 3(3, then 3O3 and so on0
(Knowing how much the Portuguese hate being spoken to in Spanish by foreigners, let me start out with a big sorry if this rubs anyone the wrong way.)
As an intermediate speaker of Spanish now learning Portuguese, I of course can't help but notice certain consistencies in the way the two languages vary. (Spanish suffix -ible becomes Portuguese -ivel, for an example)
Has anyone compiled or encountered a comprehensive list of these 'rules'? Or might we start one together? I think it would help me a lot with guessing vocabulary I don't know. Thanks!
I am looking for a Nahuatl word meaning political cooperation where all participants are equal. Confederacy, commonwealth, union...
When I learned Spanish orthography in school, these were still the rules, and so I always used to write these words with an accent mark. I sometimes still do out of habit, but other times I make the conscious decision not to, to get with the times; but then I become self-conscious about coming across as uneducated among the people who aren't aware of the change.
If you still write these words with the accent mark, why?
If you don't, why not?
What letters would be most useful to incorporate as standard into the Latin alphabet, especially based on your experience making conlangs that either use Latin script or that you’ve tried to Romanize?
Preferential caveats:
-
Simply having existing letters with diacritics don’t count, except for historical evolutions like Ç (from tailed Z — Ꝣ) or Ñ (from NN).
-
Diacritic vowels are always useful and outside the scope of this question. (They don’t need to be standard, nor do any diacritics).
-
Historical ligatures & letter variants like ẞ & ʃ are OK. Remember that W was a ligature while J & U were just variants of I & V.
Example: In my opinion, Þ Ð/Θ Ç Ñ Ŋ Ɣ ẞ/ʃ Ʒ for these /θ ð t͡ʃ ɲ ŋ ɣ ʃ ʒ/.
Maybe even throw in Ə for any vowel /ɛ ɨ ə ɯ ɤ ʌ æ/ and Ω for any vowel /ɔ ʉ ø œ ɶ ɒ ɑ/. Add diacritics to those 2 vowel letters and now you have much more options to represent vowels without resorting to multiple different diacritics (Ä+Å+Á) or multigraphs (“ei” & “eau”), or even relying on the position of a vowel like English does (“can” vs. “cane”).
Note: This applies to the entire Latin alphabet and every language that uses it as a whole, not just how it would apply to the English language.
When talking about languages in a Pan-American federation, the most sounded option might be a trilingual state, with Spanish, English and Portuguese, but also having English as the language of education and business for it's role as the international lingua-franca.
Though I can see the reason behind this proposal I really think it would be important to look towards others directions, for instance, this three languages are really regional, wich means that it could spur a sense of social discontent, and ethnical tension. Wich in a so pluricultural state, is the last thing you want, therefore i suggest that a better solution would be a neutral lingua-franca inside the territory.
Esperanto.
Probably its a good bet, and I'm sure that some of you though about it, it's the colang with the biggest community and it's a neutral language, but there is where I personally find the flaw in it, Esperanto it's a language that most people have to learn from scratch, it was intended in that way for no advantage in a international or European scenario, but I don't find that kind of problem in the Americas, French, Portuguese & Spanish are all from the same family, and English has a lot of loanwords from French, for this and the fact that most of the people are reluctant to learn another language, I find Esperanto, feasible in a Pan-American situation but not the ideal.
Interlingua.
I personally think that Interlingua it's a better option for this matter, it's often heard the motto: “Interlingua, The language that every latin language speaker and highly educated English speakers can speak”, though i find it's orthography the problem here, it has certain ambiguity that to a English or Latin speaker might not be inconvenient, but for a native American or a Migrant could be a problem, therefore i think that a orthography reform would beneficial but don't know if it could affect it's recognisability with the other languages.
Papiamento.
It's a creole language between Spanish and Portuguese, with Dutch English and African loanwords, i can see it working because creole languages tend to have a very straight forward grammar, but don't know how the American francophony would receive it, it has two way of spelling it, the Aruba way, more related to how Spanish and Portuguese are spelled, and the Bonaire & Curaçao way, more related to its phonetics, i personally incline more to the last one, for the whole point of being a neutral language.
New languages.
I also could
... keep reading on reddit ➡Hellow, well i upload the translations i have for the WN, in different PDFs, but it was supposed that i would fix the gramatical and orthography mistakes of the transalation but the work cross and didnt have the time but if you want to read it, is in the link below, and i have to mentione this, the translation is in spanish not english, but is easier to translate from spanish that from japanese.
And well nothing, merry christmas.
https://shigatsutraducciones.blogspot.com/2021/12/how-realist-hero-rebuilt-kingdom.html
Hello, all!
Perhaps this has been proposed before, but I'd be interested in forming, maintaining, and documenting a pidgen language between Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, and any other Romance language that people here speak.
Partially inspired by Viossa, I'd be interested in doing the following:
-
Individuals who speak a Romance language can DM me at which point I'll send an invite to a private Discord server where we can conduct the language.
-
To begin, each member will speak in their respective Romance language and try to negotiate meaning by asking each other questions on the meanings of words, grammar, &c. (Note: If you speak multiple Romance languages, it is okay to switch between them, but you must communicate in a Romance language.)
-
Over time, we will collaboratively combine aspects of grammar, orthography, and vocabulary to generate a neutral language. Speakers will begin to systematically replace common words with these common neutral words. If words come up that fall out of the scope of the generated vocabulary, a word of any Romance language could be substituted into parlance until such time that a neutral equivalent is created and accepted by the community.
-
Changes in grammar across the languages will be documented and noted, culminating in a collaboratively written grammar of the new language.
I realise that projects similar to this have been done by pulling commonalities from Romance languages, but I'd be interested in seeing the natural evolution of this language happening.
If you're interested, please send me a DM or drop a comment below. In the DM/comment, indicate which Romance languages you speak. Ideally, we should have speakers of at least 4 different languages in the group.
Thank you all!
Preface
hello everyone! some of you may remember this post i made about a language called Globalang. it's been 5 months and the language has changed pretty significantly (like, significantly enough to have a completely new name), so i figured i'd make an update post.
Introduction
Interjargon is an international auxiliary language intended for communication between people who otherwise wouldn't have a language in common. What makes Interjargon unique is that it's based entirely on English. Now, why is this?
Well, whether we like it or not, English has become the lingua franca of our 21st century world. When you examine it, out of all the languages in the world, it’s not necessarily a bad choice. The vocabulary is based in Romance and Germanic words, which are very widespread, and it has influence from all sorts of other languages, from Arabic to Russian. However, its grammar is complicated, the orthography and phonology are an utter mess, and the vocabulary still isn’t truly representative of our whole world.
Interjargon aims to take the positive qualities of English and add a simplified phonology and writing system, specifically take the most international words from the many synonyms of English’s vocabulary, and make the grammar more simplified and suitable for international communication.
Essentially, the core idea of Interjargon is to create a world-sourced auxiliary language that's technically only based on English. This includes using somewhat obscure synonyms and sourcing words from affixes or Latin roots to get a more international vocabulary, and heavily simplifying English phonology and removing irregularities from the grammar.
Orthography and Phonology
Interjargon uses the Latin alphabet. There are 20 consonant phonemes and 5 vowel phonemes.
Consonants
The consonants are:
<b d f g l m n s v w> – all pronounced as in the IPA
<k p t> – aspirated /k^(h) p^(h) t^(h)/
<ch h j sh y z> /tʃ^(h) h~x dʒ ʃ j dz/
The letter R is a "whatever rhotic" phoneme preferably pronounced /r~ɾ/. The letter X is treated specially: it is pronounced /ks/ normally and /gz~gs/ intervocalically, but may also be pronounced as /s/. This lets it be treated as a single consonant for the sake of phonotactics. This letter X is used to preserve the spelling and pronunciation of words such as “fox”, which would otherwise be the less recogn
... keep reading on reddit ➡So, David J. Peterson's Azrán is a tonal Mexican Spanish. This gave me an idea to evolve the French language to acquire tones and polypersonal agreement. All voiced obstruents lost their voice, /ɛ/ and /e/, /ɔ/ and /o/, /œ/ and /ø/ merged, most obstruent codas are lost.
Orthography and phonology:
A /a/, Ą /ɑ̃/ C /k/, E /e/, Ę /ɛ̃/, Ë /ə/ F /f/, H /χ/, I /i~j/, L /l/, M /m/, N /n/, O /o/, Ǫ /ɔ̃/, Ø /ø/ P /p/, Q /k/, R /ʁ/, S /s/, T /t/, U /u/, W /w/, X /ʃ/, Y /y/
Here is The North Wind and the Sun, compared with the original.
TONAL:
Pore elëSólei cǫ́tété tøløfô. Iltesíte târipø lapą́l asély tą̂h ø qi tepýlre ęfoiaxø tøséfêmę. Pore cómąsá ; ils̀ula afêfølę. Cómlom sére sýly sǫ́fêmę, ilasélî afêply tøfô. Melom ęcómote ęcò tafątài páløfwa, pri ęfêmę deply, sí pię qe, repyté, Pore lelira oSólei. Selysi tú tapo lysi moteremę ; pý, lom aią oté sǫ́fêmę sylémątè, løSólei tata teraiǫ ply atę, xyca sëqelom, nøpúfą ply resìté alaxálø, otá sésapi esę́ alaprę̂h ępę tąlarifie fwasin.
Séfál mǫ̂h qésúfę lapèswásiǫ e ply efícà qélafølę.
ORIGINAL:
Borée et le Soleil contestaient de leur force. Ils décidèrent d’attribuer la palme à celui d’entre eux qui dépouillerait un voyageur de ses vêtements. Borée commença ; il souffla avec violence. Comme l’homme serrait sur lui son vêtement, il l’assaillit avec plus de force. Mais l’homme incommodé encore davantage par le froid, prit un vêtement de plus, si bien que, rebuté, Borée le livra au Soleil. Celui-ci tout d’abord luisit modérément ; puis, l’homme ayant ôté son vêtement supplémentaire, le Soleil darda des rayons plus ardents, jusqu’à ce que l’homme, ne pouvant plus résister à la chaleur, ôta ses habits et s’en alla prendre un bain dans la rivière voisine.
Cette fable montre que souvent la persuasion est plus efficace que la violence.
This happens sometimes in English language newscasts in the United States, when the newscaster says a proper noun like "Pedro Sánchez", "Rieleros de Aguascalientes" or "Empanada" with a native Spanish accent, rather than the anglicized. We should stop doing this.
For people who don't speak Spanish, it's confusing, as we're not familiar enough with Spanish phonology and orthography. The vast majority of Americans don't speak Spanish. It also breaks the rhythm and cadence of the sentence to switch from English phonology to Spanish and back to English very quickly. It's a bit jarring.
Also, people do it mostly just for Spanish, and that's bizarre. They don't do it for Korean, Russian, Arabic, Chinese, Turkish, Polish, French, Bengali, Japanese, Hindi or German etc. It puts Spanish on an awkward pedestal above all other languages besides English.
Otherwise, it'd become incomprehensible. I speak French, Chinese and Russian, and I'm quite positive that if I said "Paris", "Shanghai" or "Moscow" (or even lesser known cities like "Clermont-Ferrand", "Shijiazhuang" and "Khabarovsk") in the proper way, most English speakers would have difficulty following. Imagine if Shohei Ohtani were up at the plate against Hyun-Jin Ryu and he flied out to Teoscar Hernández. It'd be a nightmare for the commentators and listeners alike. But it'd be equally as weird if both Ohtani and Ryu were anglicized, but Hernandez was spoken with a Spanish accent.
Really just a pet peeve though. It's pretty insignificant on the grand scheme of things, but I find it pointless. The only reason I can think of is to cater to native Spanish speakers who don't want to hear names butchered like that. But that's a minority who have Spanish language media. The majority of those watching English language shows don't speak Spanish.
YouTube decided to refresh and I can't find the original community post, though my comment is out there somewhere.
[Edit: found the community post by EmperorMemeHelm II]
It asked you to write a small piece of fiction of Germans vs monster girls, so I just did that.
I just posted the comment, and am now posting it here too since I think it could be a fun, light-hearted, entertaining read
The spacing may be a bit weird since pressing enter once doesn't do anything in Reddit, so I may edit this later to correct to spacing or orthography. Here is my story about distopian cat girls:
.
This story is set in the near future, arround 2080.
General context: the U.S. has split up into small independent states that fight with each other after several bad presidencies failed to stabilise the country. Some of the resulting states remain democratic, whereas most of them are totalitarian dictatorships, oh, and one anarchic mess arround the east coast, full of factions gompeting for power.
China had conquered Taiwan by 2032, and then had Tibet split from it, but under some pretty unfair trade deals that make it behave as if it still were a part of China. North Korea (good Korea obviously) is now a feudal state supported by generous intervention from China, and used as cheap labour and good testing grounds for China. South Korea ended up becoming part of India, following an Indian revolution and the birth of the New Indian Empire arround 2047.
Spain, Italy and Grece formed an aliance with France and Belgium (Portugal refused for some reason), a league of Mediterranean countries, which France proposed for the 100th time after seeing Germany's power increase in 2057. In 2069 (nice) Germany and Austria formed an alliance, which they would go on to break soon after, with Germany suffering a coup in 2072, and becoming a dictatorship in 2073, proclaiming the Fourth Reich.
Spain, Portugal and France sought for extra support from the Americas, whereas the UK looked at Australia, which had become a power.
The Turkish Nations (a union formed after a lot of terrorist attacks financiated mainly by Turkey devastated neighbouring countries, and which has control over many island that belonged to Greece in the past) decided to make a treaty with Russia to suppress the IV Reich, against all odds; however, in 2077 the Turkish betrayed the Russians, instead teaming up with the UAE and failing an assasination of the then president of Russia, Vladimir Putin; Russia would then form a
... keep reading on reddit ➡Do your worst!
Introduction to Medináïque
Originally intended as a personal conlang reflecting my linguistic chracteristics due to diglosia with Spanish and Russian languages (and "meme linguistics"), it also became in the process a conlang for a fictional world. Even if it is a créole, synthetic language with common indoeuropean grammar settings, it's complexity laysoin orthography and grammar freatures rarely even such indoeuropean languages have if not inexistant.
Alphabet
Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ęę Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss ẞß Tt Uu Ųų Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Žž II
Orthography
Tildes in Medináïque are very similar to the Spanish rules: Tilde on the accent.But what differs from it is that accents aren't he only point tildes are used, for an instance, there's three vowels that may have extra sounds: é (from e to ye), ȯ (from o to u), ŭ (from u to wu)Diphtongues and special markings are also a common thing but the too extensive rules may take too long for a post.
Grammar, yes !
**Gender:**There's three genders: masculine, femenine and asturian.Masculine nouns always end in the nominative case in a back vowel (-o, -u, -ȯ)Neuter nouns have three subtypes: (-e, -i, -ȯ), i being the pure neuter while e and -ȯ having a similar thing to asturian: even if they are declined as femenines and masculines, the adjectives they have is in neuter since it is incountable (ex: lléche agrio or kralęstvȯ velikoe)Femenine nouns always end in the nominative case in (-a and -e)
**Number:**There's three grammatical numbers, singular, dual and plural. Dual endings are -ų for masculine, ę for femenine and i for pure neutrals, in plural for all forms are -ies, at least in nominative.
End of our small "lesson", now some examples
| Medináïque | Medináïque IPA | English |
|---|---|---|
| -Dóbrogo dnię́ | /Dóbrogo dnʲjá/ | -Good day |
| -Béinos díes | /Bó(i)nos díes/ | -Good day |
| -IKáko poživáech, Ikako tvoié dęlię́ | /q‖áko poʒivájeʃ, q‖áko tvoí: dʲélja/ | -How are you, how are you doing |
| -Múy bén, all ménos pà lo que ostálosi da mi pága | /múi bɛ́n alʲ mɛ́nos pá lo qe ostálosʲ da mi páɡa/ | -Very good, at least for what is left from my salary |
| -Cé dúže lýho, ou méne hóti-bý kupón lóterie | /ʦe dúʒe lɨ́ho ʊ mɛ́ne hotʲ bɨ kupóŋ loterí:/ | -That's pretty bad, at least was left for me is this lottery ticket |
| -Oh ! Séurte ! | /O: ! Sóirte !/ | -Oh! Good luck |
| -(He he he, a ù méne-ta, výgražnie) | /he he he a u mɛne'tá vɨ́ɡraʓni:/ | (Hehehe, mine's is a winning one) |
Note: Even
... keep reading on reddit ➡For context I'm a Refuse Driver (Garbage man) & today I was on food waste. After I'd tipped I was checking the wagon for any defects when I spotted a lone pea balanced on the lifts.
I said "hey look, an escaPEA"
No one near me but it didn't half make me laugh for a good hour or so!
I've been working on Naktaala for around the longest time since this year, with Captari being the second. Naktaala is an a priori language much like Captari, as it descended from the same family as Captari, but is vastly different enough due to the conditions in which it evolved in.
It's inspired mostly by Georgian, Na'vi, Tagalog and Nahuatl, with minor influences from Dutch. The language is spoken by the Forest and Desert Druids in a future SciFan novel. They look similar to Warframes (particularly Inaros and Titania), or the Ralts Pokemon line.
If there is any improvements or suggestions you have for me, write them down in the comments, and I'll try to implement them.
Phonetics
Syllable structure
Syllable structure is CCV(V)C. All combinations fitting this shape is accepted. The V and VC combination only occurs in the middle or end of words and only if there are two or more vowels together, or if the previous word ends in a consonant.
Syllables may be as simple as a single vowel, or as complex as tz'k'ap.
Vowels
There are eight monophthong vowels in Naktaala, which are somewhat distributed symmetrically. There is no vowel harmony.
| Vowel | Front | Central | Back Rounded |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | ù | u |
| Mid-High | e | o | |
| Low | à | a | ò |
i and à is realized after palatals and sibilants as /i/ and /ɛ/. Elsewhere they are pronounced: /ɪ/ and /æ/ respectively.
Diphthongs are ay, ey, oy, uy, aw, ew, iw and ow. w and y when used here considered parts of diphthongs (i or u realisations) and not final consonants.
Unlike Na'vi there are no syllabic consonants.
Consonants
Fricatives and affricates are restricted to the onset and coda of a syllable, and can form consonant clusters with non-restricted consonants. Other clusters, including triple consonants, like can appear intervocalically, for example luptzrrak "to fight".
Naktaala contains consonants from Mayan, Spanish and Na'vi, but there are no voiced consonants at all, excluding liquids.
| Consonant | Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | t | c | k | q | ' | ||
| Ejective Pl. | p' | t' |
Pilot on me!!
Dad jokes are supposed to be jokes you can tell a kid and they will understand it and find it funny.
This sub is mostly just NSFW puns now.
If it needs a NSFW tag it's not a dad joke. There should just be a NSFW puns subreddit for that.
Edit* I'm not replying any longer and turning off notifications but to all those that say "no one cares", there sure are a lot of you arguing about it. Maybe I'm wrong but you people don't need to be rude about it. If you really don't care, don't comment.
I won't be doing that today!
You take away their little brooms
There hasn't been a post all year!
This morning, my 4 year old daughter.
Daughter: I'm hungry
Me: nerves building, smile widening
Me: Hi hungry, I'm dad.
She had no idea what was going on but I finally did it.
Thank you all for listening.
Hi, I've been using texpad to make latex documents on my new Mac in order to make my school homework, there's a little problem that has been annoying me , every time I want to write "^i" the system instead types "î" , its really annoying and I don't know how to disable that thing.
I've been thinking its my keyboard distribution because I write in Spanish and I use a lot the tilde in order to have good orthography, and it has a similar function when you write "´i" it writes "í"
Does any one have had this problem? Is there anything I can do?
It’s pronounced “Noel.”
After all his first name is No-vac
What did 0 say to 8 ?
" Nice Belt "
So What did 3 say to 8 ?
" Hey, you two stop making out "
