Why were Kings of England (John) and Germany (Henry IV) faced with massive rebellions when they opposed the Pope and forced to surrender while King of France (Philip IV) successfully prevailed over the Pope? Did papal authority collapse by 1300?
Coat of arms of John of Gaunt, 3rd son of Edward III of England, uncle to Richard II & father of Henry IV. Through his marriage to Constance of Castile, John claimed the Crown of Castile, asserting this by adding the royal arms of Castile and LeΓ³n (left), impaled with his own royal arms (right).
Pope Adrian IV was the only British Pope. Allegedly, in 1158, he created a Papal Bull granting King Henry II of England the right to invade Ireland. Although, Henry didn't actually attack the country for another 14 years, leading modern scholars to debate if the Bull had ever existed at all. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popβ¦
TDIH: June 14, 1404. Welsh rebel leader Owain GlyndΕ΅r, having declared himself Prince of Wales, allies himself with the French against King Henry IV of England. Illustration: Owain GlyndΕ΅r by A.C.Michael.
Lancaster Castle - Lancaster, England, UK - Founded 11th c. by Norman Lord Roger de Poitou - Rebuilt in stone 12th-13th c. - Gatehouse/stone curtain wall added by Henry III 1243-1254 - Monumental gatehouse added by Henry IV 1400 - Owned by Queen Elizabeth II as Duke of Lancaster - Open to the Public reddit.com/gallery/kwi5xj
In 1155, Pope Adrian IV allegedly granted King Henry II of England the right to invade and govern Ireland. He also allowed Henry to enforce the Gregorian Reforms on the semi-autonomous Christian Church in Ireland. However, the authenticity of the orders is much debated, even today. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauβ¦
TDIH: March 4, 1461, Wars of the Roses in England: Lancastrian King Henry VI is deposed by his House of York cousin, who then becomes King Edward IV. Illustration: Edward IV's marriage to Elizabeth Woodville, from the illuminated manuscript Anciennes Chroniques d'Angleterre, by Jean de Wavrin.
TDIH: January 18, 1486, King Henry VII of England marries Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV uniting the House of Lancaster and the House of York. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliβ¦
Letter from Queen Philippa of Portugal to her brother King Henry IV of England β 1405 thefreelancehistorywriterβ¦
Wenceslaus IV is mentioned in the 2019 film The King, sending a gift to the newly coronated king Henry V of England.
TIL As a way to legitimize their rule, medieval kings of England and France would touch people infected with Scrofula, a disease which causes swelling around the neck, expecting the royal touch to miraculously cure the patients. Henry IV of France touched 1,250 patients in one day en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royβ¦
OTD in 1399 Henry Bolingbroke was crowned Henry IV of England in Westminster abbey.
In 1399, King Richard II of England was effectively militarily deposed by Henry Bolingbroke, who became King Henry IV. How much of a constitutional crisis or just crisis of legitimacy resulted from this?
To some extent, I'm thinking of how this compares to the execution of Charles I by Parliament in 1649, which seems to have caused a far greater stir, yet the process of Richard's deposition from what I know of it through Froissart's Chroniques seems eerily familiar.
TDIH: October 13, 1399, Coronation of Henry IV of England at Westminster Abbey. Illustration: The Coronation of Henry IV of England. From a 15th-century manuscript of Jean Froissart's Chronicles.
TDIH: September 30, 1399, Henry IV is proclaimed king of England. Illustration: The Coronation of Henry IV of England. From a 15th-century manuscript of Jean Froissart's Chronicles.
TDIH: August 8, 1503, King James IV of Scotland marries Margaret Tudor, daughter of King Henry VII of England at Holyrood Abbey in Edinburgh, Scotland. Illustration: Portrait of James IV of Scotland.
TDIH: July 21, 1403, Battle of Shrewsbury: King Henry IV of England defeats rebels to the north of the county town of Shropshire, England. Illustration: Battle of Shrewsbury, an illustration from Pennant's 'A tour in Wales', 1781.
TDIH: June 14, 1404, Welsh rebel leader Owain GlyndΕ΅r, having declared himself Prince of Wales, allies himself with the French against King Henry IV of England.
What single, 1 pound object could you give Henry IV of England that would make it easiest for him to win the Hundred Yearsβ War?
In 1399, King Richard II of England was effectively militarily deposed by Henry Bolingbroke, who became King Henry IV. How much of a constitutional crisis or just crisis of legitimacy resulted from this? reddit.com/r/AskHistorianβ¦
TDIH: March 4, 1461, Lancastrian King Henry VI is deposed by his House of York cousin, who then becomes King Edward IV during the Wars of the Roses in England. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwβ¦
TIL that in 1399, almost three and a half centuries after the Norman Conquest, King Henry IV was crowned as the first King of England whose mother tongue was English. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henβ¦
TDIH: January 18, 1486, King Henry VII of England marries Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV uniting the House of Lancaster and the House of York. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliβ¦
Letter from Queen Philippa of Portugal to her brother King Henry IV of England β 1405 thefreelancehistorywriterβ¦
ID Help! England Penny - Henry VI or Edward IV??
[Henry Winter] When qualification for the World Cup is secured, England players plan a meeting to discuss what action they will take to express their concerns about human rights in Qatar. They have noted the protests of Dutch, German and Norwegian players. twitter.com/henrywinter/sβ¦
Heavy weighs the usurped crown - King Henry IV of England annabelfrage.wordpress.coβ¦
The shield once used by King Henry V of England (1386-1422)
Born today : September 21st - Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, "ultimately governing the country (England) as Lord Protector during Henry VI's madness", "Although Richard never became king, he was the father of Edward IV and Richard III" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricβ¦
Map of England From King Henry IV (Acrylic, Ink and Graphite)
On this day in 1415 β Henry V of England, with his lightly armoured infantry and archers, defeats the heavily armoured French cavalry in the Battle of Agincourt, during the Hundred Years' War.
Ceremonial parade armet given as a gift by Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I to King Henry VIII of England in 1511. The symbolism and meaning of this bizarre helmet, apparently modelled on one of Henry's court fools, remains unclear. Royal Armouries, Leeds, England. [1920x1489]
We need Henry the VIII of England in Fate because we need Ugly Bastards
Roland the Farter: a medieval jester for King Henry II of England. Each Christmas he was obligated to perform a special fart for the kings court. He was compensated with a Manor and 30 acres of land.
Roland the Farter: a medieval jester for King Henry Il of England. Each Christmas he was obligated to perform a special fart for the kings court. He was compensated with a Manor and 30 acres of land.
TDIH: July 21, 1403: Battle of Shrewsbury between Henry IV of England and Henry Percy, known as Hotspur, resulting in the King's victory. battlefieldstrust.com/resβ¦
Accession to the Throne of King Henry IV of England warsoftheroses.co.uk/chapβ¦
16 December 1431, Hundred Years' War β Henry VI of England is crowned King of France at Notre Dame in Paris.
TIL that notched sticks became common currency for transactions and debts in medieval Europe because of the chronic shortage of coins and widespread illiteracy. The "split tally" was based on a Stone Age memory aid device and was even valid for tax collection under Henry I of England. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talβ¦
A Charmed Royal Life ~ The many attempts on the life of King Henry IV of England englishhistoryauthors.bloβ¦
TDIH: June 4, 1394: Mary de Bohun, first wife of the future King Henry IV of England and mother of Henry V, dies. englishmonarchs.co.uk/plaβ¦
Fascinating facts about King Henry IV of England annmariethomas.me.uk/2015β¦
Born today : September 21st - Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, "ultimately governing the country (England) as Lord Protector during Henry VI's madness", "Although Richard never became king, he was the father of Edward IV and Richard III" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricβ¦
TDIH: June 4, 1394: Philippa of England, daughter of Henry IV of England and Queen consort of Denmark, Sweden and Norway as the wife of King Eric of Pomerania, is born. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phiβ¦
