Atmospheric Contaminants Puns

Short to mid-term effects (2-10 years) showed increased rates of leukemia and cancer in "downwinders" of the fallout (which covered an incredibly large area in the US).

Could nuclear fallout still be residing in our soil across downwind areas and be contaminating our agricultural system? If nuclear fallout still exists in our soil, are negative effects associated with crops that are either directly consumed by humans or indirectly utilized by humans (such as a cow eating the crops and passing along to humans who consume milk/meat/etc. from the cow)?

It seems really difficult to find research or information on this topic online, even though we should have 60+ years of data. Any suggestions for further reading or recommended papers on this topic?

A short essay I wrote making an aesthetic case against masks.

Masks mandates rob us of our humanity.

Background

I am particularly opposed to mask mandates for two main reasons;

1. I belong to the group of people who hate wearing masks from their very core. I lack the words to describe how much I hate them, Not a second passes when I am forced to wear one where I am not aware of having one on me. Since this is a personal reasoning, I am not going to go on for days on this.

2. I live in a country with a particularly oppressive mask mandate. Here are some fun facts about it.

3. Enforced outdoors. Transgressors are hit with a 800 USD fine.

4. Been in effect since April 2020.

5. No sign of it being lifted anytime soon, or at all for that matter. Of all covid restrictions, this one seems to be at the bottom of the barrel as far as the state/people are concerned.

Thus I am aware that most American readers and some European readers don't really see it as that big of a nuisance, for they are not personally bothered by it to the same extent and don't live in a parody country, if they are not for the mandates to begin with.

Plenty of ink has been spilled on how effective masks/mask mandates are. Of which not a trivial amount on their lack of effectiveness. However, arguments against mask mandates are always against their effectiveness or arguments on how they are restrictions on individual liberty, I tend to agree with most of those arguments but I see few arguing against masks on aesthetic grounds.

They plain look like shit

I would be extremely surprised if anyone disagrees with me on this. But I think everyone wearing masks (especially medical looking ones) are an eyesore similar in magnitude to copious amounts of litter on the streets.

If you think I am hurr durring, just imagine everyone in the world suddenly became >400 pounds. Is society not a little bit uglier? Is seeing people not a little bit less pleasant?

I am not sure if there is a price that can be put on being able to see your fellow human beings faces, or seeing the smiles on children, but I just intuitively know that the price isn't 0.

If they are not ugly, can we agree that they sometimes hide beauty?

They dull social interactions

Those who are mildly hard of hearing already know where I am going at. But once again I am appealing to human nature, Is not seeing each others face and reading each others expressions (especially positive ones) a part

I heard the theory long ago that nuking the frozen poles of mars would create an atmosphere to make mars more livable but now that I heard that Elon mentioned doing it as well I started wondering if the radiation would mean a problem. I mean I get that this is how you get the best bang for weight ratio but wouldn't the radiation spread with the gases? Or would just the two poles be unlivable for a while? Does anybody know?

A little dip in the atmosphere at 28000kph would do the trick!

Death worlds. The most overused term in the galaxy. I hate it.

We all use it. All nine of the sentient, intelligent life forms in the galaxy ALL thought their world was a ‘death world’.

And technically speaking yes they are all correct. Every planet wherein sentient life has arisen has been ideal for them and certain death for all alien life forms.

So technically ALL life bearing planets are ‘death worlds’. Take my planet for example. The gravity is so painfully high compared to the other worlds, any alien life form upon the surface is almost incapable of movement (without mechanical help).

Or then there is Strodam- it’s atmosphere is life bearing and awesome for a myriad of homegrown species and ecosystems; everything from off-world takes one look and dies from all the arsenic.

Yeltrab has vast, abundant oceans, which teem with life and some of the most complex environmental ecosystems known. The self same oceans also tend to dissolve anything that hasn’t had a few billion years evolutionary protection. Even our machines dissolve in the sulphuric goop of Yeltrab’s waters.

Earth has so much oxygen in it, we are constantly amazed the whole planet doesn’t combust. Grea’s electromagnetic storms destroy anything that hasn’t adapted and developed a proximal sense to know when a strike will happen. Urata’s ice cold pitch black oceans contain whole cities at pressures not seen outside of the inner part of gas giants.

And speaking of gas giants? The🔸exist as a civilisation floating amidst ammonium clouds and hydrogen thermals. You leave your ship anywhere on T’g and you die very quickly.

And of course the solar radiation that life on Huleian thrives upon, is instantly fatal to any and all living creatures not from Huleian.

Each and everyone of our worlds is a paradise. To us. The residents. The species who grew up there. Each is filled with abundant life in countless myriad forms, which through billions of years of evolution have evolved to live there. And everything else? Dies.

Not nice death either. It’s usually horrific.

So yeah.

‘Death worlds’.

Silly name really.

And THEN you have to consider that these places are the literal oasis of life out in space. For each of the nine worlds? There are about 250 million places where it was too brutal for any kind of life to emerge.

Dead worlds.

Either too cold. Or too hot. Or no atmosphere. Or too much atmosphere. Nothing lives on them.

And in-between? The eternal da

Ok, so, JWST was launched from an atmosphere containing oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and other bits. Are the electronic modules on jwst vacuumed or do they have ports in them to allow the gasses to vent as it leaves or atmosphere? AND....

How do they deal with moisture and icing from the condensation that I assume occurs during its journey out of our atmosphere? Does it just gas off and leave no residue such as ice etc?

Cheers brainy people, please help me further my knowledge.

https://preview.redd.it/lxw1ts86ysa81.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=a2e517a2f1924076d9ec272cc8f248fdfb64954a

This section is an excerpt from Agricultural wastewater treatment. This section is an excerpt from Industrial wastewater treatment. Quick and easy things you can do to reduce water pollution and runoff. For drinking water, flood control, climate defense, habitat protection, fishing, swimming, and, of course, craft beer. Pollution from dispersed sources is difficult to control, and, despite much progress in the building of modern sewage-treatment plants, dispersed sources continue to cause a large fraction of water pollution problems. Nonpoint source pollution refers to diffuse contamination of water or air that does not originate from a single discrete source. This type of pollution is often the cumulative effect of small amounts of contaminants gathered from a large area. It is in contrast to point source pollution which results from a single source. Nonpoint source pollution generally results from land runoff, precipitation, atmospheric deposition, drainage, seepage, or hydrological modification where tracing pollution back to a single source is difficult. Ridding groundwater of contaminants can be difficult to impossible, as well as costly. Once polluted, an aquifer may be unusable for decades, or even thousands of years. Groundwater can also spread contamination far from the original polluting source as it seeps into streams, lakes, and oceans. The use of fertilizers leads to Nutrient pollution, in which excess nutrients, usually caused by nitrogen- or phosphorus-containing compounds that are the main components. Sources of nutrient pollution include surface runoff from farm fields and pastures, discharges from septic tanks and feedlots (sewage - see below - is also high in nutrients). In addition to plant-focused agriculture, fish-farming is also a source of pollution. While plants and animals need these nutrients to grow, they have become a major pollutant due to farm waste and fertilizer runoff. Municipal and industrial waste discharges contribute their fair share of toxins as well. There’s also all the random junk that industry and individuals dump directly into waterways. Control of water pollution requires appropriate infrastructure and management plans. Environmental Protection Agency in collaboration with states, territories, and tribes. Groundwater protection provisions are included in the Safe Drinking Water Act

#Yes, Ill take a death metal EP from....lets see...the US/UK

Thank you one and all for celebrating 2021! We like to use the beginning of the year as a way to celebrate lesser known release and possibly showcase some wonderful up and coming talent or important transitionary material for established bands. Demos, EPs, and Splits are important to scout for new talent as well as give a place for bands who only release this type of material. Please use this as a way to revel in releases like 10 people are really excited over.

#Top Demos, EPs, Splits, Etc of 2021

Humans have an amazingly complex brain, which is capable of quite a lot. Their brain is plastic beyond belief. Their brains are capable of ordered psychic thought. It even comes naturally, to them. However, due to the fact that it is currently not used (or even known to exist by them), they have no control over this ability beyond the instinctual. This causes their thoughts to be too loud to safely send in psychically sensitive individuals to Human planets. The only exception is trained individuals of their own race.

The last statement would make no sense for any other psychically sensitive, yet unaware, species. However, due to the sheer amount of energy their psychic organ (interestingly enough, their higher-order thinking cortexes, suggesting development recently in their evolution, perhaps even during or after the development of sentience), pumps into the psychic background, most psychics would immediately pass out, if not die upon landing on their total ecumenopolis (apart from nature and historic preserves) of a planet called Earth. (A feat few species with civic engineering tech thousands of millennia out of the humans' reach can claim, let alone a species that has only just begun building FTL relays.)

Humans are more than that, developing on a class 13 Gaia-world (Otherwise known as a petty god world, due to the fact that it has the perfect conditions for life, but otherwise is a class 3 death-world because it has the perfect ratio of land to water to make the space for both highly limited, it has extreme resource scarcity at the surface, and worst of all super-eruptions, ice-ages, massive and unpredictable quakes, tsunamis, tornadoes and any other horrible natural disaster happen on a semi-regular basis, due to this, life on these worlds often crop up then inexpiably die out.) into a class four Death world, how did they Venus their planet, they industrialized on trapped carbons of different forms. by the time anyone listened to the scientists they realized it was too late. the intellectuals and elites who had caused the mess left in an ark-ship going to a recently made self-sustaining titan colony, leaving the common man in well-regulated self-sustaining bunkers built by the now-defunct governments.

In a twist of karmic justice the builders of the arc failed to account for the possibility that asteroid orbits were only predictable within a margin of error higher than the size of the ship without being right next to them and the arc had no rada

Part 4

After calming down in the ventilation human started to think. He wasn’t anywhere nearby human space. The huge aliens were served as proof. Bugs reached even here though. Thankfully he stopped the claw fast enough, but the wound still was nasty. Suddenly he heard a voice blabbering something near the place he “entered” the vents. It was that balloon guy. There was only one way of surviving this and going home: to trust these ugly scary things. He took a small square piece of plastic out of his armor pants, looked at it, and went to rip the claw off one of the bugs.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dan Hy entered the med bay, mumbling under her breath and articulating with some of her hands. Sometimes you could even hear phrases like “...I’m a beauty, why...” or “...captain is no better...” dedicated to no one in particular.

“Have you found the alien? I’m all prepared for the operation.” – Ooblot said while helping Redleaf with the spacesuit. The plant alien looked in doubt at the air tank and tried to join and turn on the air filters, which he found in the lab storage.

“Yes, we did. But it escaped screaming” – she answered in an annoyed tone. Noticing the struggle of her colleague, she swiftly took filters from his vines, unscrewed a few parts of the suit, and, before they noticed anything, both crewmembers breathed filtered air instead of tanked one.

“Thanks.” – two voices said in gratitude.

“What's with the suits though? Don’t you have aprons for operations? And why our pilot is in one?” – Dan Hy finally looked around and noticed something beyond filters and machine parts.

“Assisting” – Redleaf stated.

“I’m a biologist. Substituting for a doctor with a half a year courses, because bureaucratic rats, which sent us, was thinking it is going to be enough. One thing is for sure though. The blood, any kind of fluids, we may come in contact with, should not contaminate us or be contaminated by us” – slug said, visibly stressed and angry.

“Is it so dangerous?”

“Analysis results show, what creatures bacteria are not difficult to contain. But it doesn’t mean we are going to leave anything to chance. We are going to operate on the alien of mostly unknown origins.” – Ooblot said, covering his and Redleafs suit in antibacterial solution. The smell of alcohol spreading in the room. -“By the way, you should probably leav

I mean that once you dig up a fossil, will the Carbon 14 in the atmosphere instantly, or quickly, contaminate the fossil?

I don't want to step on anybody's toes here, but the amount of non-dad jokes here in this subreddit really annoys me. First of all, dad jokes CAN be NSFW, it clearly says so in the sub rules. Secondly, it doesn't automatically make it a dad joke if it's from a conversation between you and your child. Most importantly, the jokes that your CHILDREN tell YOU are not dad jokes. The point of a dad joke is that it's so cheesy only a dad who's trying to be funny would make such a joke. That's it. They are stupid plays on words, lame puns and so on. There has to be a clever pun or wordplay for it to be considered a dad joke.

Again, to all the fellow dads, I apologise if I'm sounding too harsh. But I just needed to get it off my chest.

I’ll make this as short as possible but I’m living “The Road” right now…. Long story short my 11 y/o son and I have fallen in love with DayZ over the past three weeks.

We’re playing on separate accounts and after dozens of coast deaths (1PP official servers only) and learning the mechanics we both had decently geared up characters and decided it was time to try and find each other as our goal is to play together as often as possible. He had a shovel and nails and we were going to find some pallets and build some boxes to bury some of our better stuff.

I was way up in the NE and he was way down in the SW and it took days of creeping our way towards each other, just trying to survive the trips so we could meet. Bears, wolves, a few KOS attempts - we survived it all despite the odds (and being generally shitty at the game). We finally hooked up in Polana and it was magical. We celebrated with some Nota cola, emote hugged, and my wife and daughter came in and cheered us on because they knew of our trials and tribulations. It was the greatest gaming experience of our lives….. for about 15 minutes.

See, we hadn’t experienced the contamination zones yet. We soon heard the bombs drop and thought “cool - but what’s that?” We saw the “fog” roll in and thought it was just a neat atmospheric weather event.

I started bleeding and immediately recalled what I had read about the zones. I had him log off immediately and I sprinted towards the coast hoping I might respawn near my body/Polana.

No luck. My son was devastated. Obviously we knew death was around every corner but to die the way we did right after meeting crushed his little gaming soul.

I promised him I’d make my way back to Polana, hopefully with the cure or some clean blood but worst case scenario he’d die, I’d grab his stuff, and we’d still have a lot of gear and work on meeting up again.

But from what I’ve gathered, the cure is insanely tough to find and I still suck, so getting properly geared up, getting clean blood and making my way back to him from a shitty spawn way NE or SW is making this incredibly difficult and I’m afraid by the time I get back to him, he’s going to lose interest.

At this point, I’m not too proud to ask for help. I’m not even sure what’s feasible in this regard but we play on an official server in the US (1PP). Maybe there is somebody on my Miami Four One Seven Nine server (or someone willing to server hop) that is looking for a fun new RP experience.

>I'm keeping the original post in tact, but be sure to check the edits! Some changes are being made...
>
>Also! Thank you so much for the silver et al, and for all the great advise! A lot of people are explaining that we had plastics in antiquity if you consider anything malleable ("plastic") or anything with polymers to be plastic. Thanks for the learning opportunity! But to be clear, I intended to mean oil-based plastic, like (in this case) polyethylene: what our plastic bags and containers and all are made of.
>
>Thank you all for your help thus far. This has been thrilling for me through and through, and a great learning experience for someone who only ever took a chemistry class in high school (and got, like, a high C, I think).

So, any critique from somebody more knowledgeable about chemistry and plastics would be appreciated.

First off though, a little background about my planet, Nulaxia (name pending):

• It's a cold planet orbiting an L-class "star"; its temperatures are about -100 °C on average.
• It has 3-4x the atmospheric pressure of Earth's.
• Like Titan, it is a hydrocarbon world. In Nulaxia's case, its oceans contain ethane and other organics (in liquid form) instead of water, and its atmosphere contains methane (in gas form) instead of oxygen. (EDIT: To be clear, the atmosphere is still mostly nitrogen!)
• Fire can still burn on this planet, using the methane in the air as fuel, and the "burning material" as oxidizer. For example, you can burn saltpeter similar to how you could burn wood on Earth. (No, striking a match won't burn up the entire planet; you need an oxidizing agent!) So, heating / cooking / smelting is possible.

So yeah, it may seem obvious that they can make plenty of plastic on a planet with oil for oceans, right? But...before the bronze age?

Hear me out.

• A decent percentage of the ocean's composition is C2H4.
• C2H4 can be separated from the other hydrocarbons in the oceanic mix through evaporation.
• Contaminants can be burned off through melting.
• At 160 °C, C2H4 ("ethylene") polymerizes.

And what does that form? Only one of the most common plastics on Earth.

For context, copper may be forged at 900 °C, and bronze is smelted at a similar 913 °C. Silicate sand melts into glass at 1700 °C. Plastic would be easier to make than metal!

If all they have to do is separate a liquid from their "water" the way we might separate wate