Sources
the study mentioned https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3008353/ also inducing reward via neurostimulation has been done a whole bunch of times.
Hypothesised identification of brain areas which give the feeling of meaning and eudaimonic happiness https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3008658/
It's likely a long way off and we don't even know, with certainty, that neurostimulation doesn't merely produce a 'wanting' for reward rather than a reward response itself. The patients could have been making such positive appraisals because they wanted the situation they were in to be rewarding. I could elaborate on this if anyone cares but it's more cognitive science than philosophy. Elaboration on stuff like experiments that establish the difference between wanting and reward or that amphetamine(which increases the wanting neurotransmitter dopamine) when taken with naltrexone(drug which blocks the receptors that endorphins bind to) is subjectively less enjoyable and can be used to treat amphetamine addiction.
It makes it HAPN!
Dopamine in the VTA travels to the Hippocampus, Amygdala, Prefrontal cortex, and the Nucleus accumbens.
So I'm currently on an antidepressant (MAOI) that effects the amount of dopamine, serotonin, and other chemicals in my brain. Whenever I smoke normal weed, it makes it harder for the medication to do its job. However, a side effect of my medication is REALLY bad insomnia. I've tried lots of sleeping pills and the only thing that has helped me relax is CBD flower. I'm wondering if I can smoke CBD without worrying about throwing off my medication.
if you have depression you get SSRI's so they give you more serotonin to feel happy so serotonin = happy drug so why during reward pathway serotonin is turned down?
i mean dopamine goes up which makes sense because more dopamine = more happy
>Abstract
>ADHD is typically characterized as a disorder of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity but there is increasing evidence of deficits in motivation. Using PET we showed decreased function in the brain dopamine reward pathway in adults with ADHD, which we hypothesized could underlie the motivation deficits in this disorder
Full paper: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3010326/
https://www.reveddit.com/r/neoliberal/comments/lbhwzy/discussion_thread/glvkuc9/
Full comment:
Take: I strongly support a pathway to citizenship for illegal immigrants, but I think they should have to pay an extra tax. Mostly for political reasons, to promote a sense of fairness. When you reward behavior that is seen as unfair, that creates a perception of favoritism and rules being applied unequally. A tax is a way to mitigate this.
We know a lot about increasing D2 receptor density, but does anyone know how to reduce activity levels of D1 dopamine receptors?
are the limbic pathway and the reward pathway the same thing...? In an Anki card it says the hippocampus, amygdala and nucleus accumbus are part of the limbic system but another card also says the reward pathway is made up of the VTA, nucleus accumbus, amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex. Is this overlap correct?
Additionally, which is activated/inhibited in depression?
I am studying Physics and am wondering if the half lives of basic brain reward chemicals work the same way as the radioactivity formula.
Dopamine is touted in the popular press as responsible for a lot of pleasure seeking behavior and seems to have a 1/2 life of only 2 minutes. By my calculations after 80 minutes none is left.
t 1/2 * log2(n/n0) = t
Could you direct me to any other brain chemicals and half lives or more complex pathways 1/2 lives?
This has been here before, but I guess most haven't seen this post so I think it is worth it to put it again:
I've noticed a lot of people here include "vivid dreams" or "I'm dreaming again" in their benefits or effects of nofap. This is good news, because the evidence is conclusive: dreaming is a product of the reward pathways of your brain (ie the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens) firing up, which is driven by dopamine transmission. while PMO and excessive O likely do not cause problems with dopamine itself, it has been shown fairly conclusively to downregulate D2 receptors and it might also mess with dopamine transporters, both of which do not allow you to feel dopamine's effects as easily.
When vivid dreams starts, its a good sign: you are re-sensitizing your desensitized reward circuits. Down the line this should lead to an increase in libido, a lift from depression and anhedonia, focus and motivation issues, etc etc.
This information is readily available through a simple google search, but if you'd like, here is a nice summary from wikipedia:
"Two main frontal areas have been implicated in the dream process. The first involves the deep white matter of the frontal lobes (just above the eyes). The main systems at work here involve the mesolimbic and mesocortical dopaminergic pathways. There are connecting fibres that run between frontal and limbic structures. A dopaminergic pathway runs from the ventral tegmental area, ascends through the lateral hypothalamus, various basal forebrain areas (nucleus basalis, stria terminalis, shell of nucleus accumbens) and terminates in the amygdala, anterior cingulate gyrus and frontal cortex. Damage to the dopaminergic pathway results in a loss of dreaming. Furthermore, chemical stimulation of the pathway (with L-DOPA for example) increases the frequency and vividness of dreams without affecting REM sleep.[10] It is interesting to note that the mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways are considered the seeking areas or the motivational command centers of the brain. Damage not only results in the loss of dreams but also of motivated behaviour.[6] Transection or inhibition of the dopamine pathway also reduces some positive symptoms of schizophrenia, many of which have been likened to dream-like states. Drugs that block the system have anti-psychotic effects but also reduce excessive and vivid dreaming.[10] Further evidence that dreaming can occur independently of REM sleep is found in the occurrence of noc
... keep reading on reddit ➡Orgasm and porn are still one of the most addictive things for many people. I would say a lot more addictive and nicer feeling than 90% of drugs out there. It also feels more powerful, the longer you abstain, indicating tolerance at play.
Is there evidence that too much orgasm, or sexual pleasure can overexcite the neurons causing nerve damage? If so, how is that honestly different than some drugs, other than the fact that the body ensures overdosing on them is impossible?
DICE, I really love BFV. I know it's not perfect, and I appreciate the work you guys are doing to get the issues resolved. But it's time to have a real conversation about a design decision that is really problematic so that you can start to make changes in how future ToW updates handle this problem.
As you can see from the title, I'm talking about the Tides of War pathways. I'm a little worried that perhaps you don't understand how passionately dedicated large portions of your base are to their favorite mode. Most often, I suspect, that's Conquest, but there are huge contingents of people who like Grand Ops, Breakthrough, and Rush. For me, not that it matters, it's been Conquest all the way back to 1942. I love the scale and chaos and open-ended nature of the (admittedly unrealistic!) mode.
I understand that you want to drive people to your new modes, and that's great! But I've tried Squad Conquest, and frankly, it's not for me. With the limited gaming time I have, I'm simply not going to engage in Tides of War in this segment because I have no interest in playing the mode, and I'll get the weapon later when CC is fixed. That's a shame. It was a shame when it required Grand Ops, but the fact is that the current and next segment both feature mode requirements with no alternate path, and that's going to put a lot of people off. Now that we've seen three segments that require a specific mode, it's clear that it's a design principle that you've embraced, and I urge you to reconsider as you develop new segments.
I think there's a better way to drive engagement with new or featured modes, and that's by creating a shorter path to the reward if players choose to engage-- but still providing a longer, perhaps more challenging, mode-agnostic path for each ToW segment that rewards a gameplay affecting item. It allows those players who just want to play Conquest, or Rush, or Breakthrough, or Grand Ops to play their favorite mode, and people who want the reward quickly to experiment with the new mode and be rewarded for it.
You could also consider creating segments that reward actually-desirable chase cosmetic items, and in that case, it's totally fine to require a specific mode. Vanity items are meant to display commitment to a challenge, and as such they're appropriate rewards for a specific mode. Weapons are not.
I know this is likely to spur some discussion, but I feel like it's an important point that may get lost in the chatter about footstep noise, CC, kill
... keep reading on reddit ➡
Hey all! So I was just curious how OCD/anxiety gets your body to participate in the compulsions that relieve those negative feelings. Is it through the amygdala interacting with the VTA to promote you doing the compulsions to avoid anxiety? Or is that a gross oversimplification of it?
Edit: clarification/refinement of question in comments
I've noticed a lot of people here include "vivid dreams" or "I'm dreaming again" in their benefits or effects of nofap. This is good news, because the evidence is conclusive: dreaming is a product of the reward pathways of your brain (ie the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens) firing up, which is driven by dopamine transmission. while PMO and excessive O likely do not cause problems with dopamine itself, it has been shown fairly conclusively to downregulate D2 receptors and it might also mess with dopamine transporters, both of which do not allow you to feel dopamine's effects as easily.
When vivid dreams starts, its a good sign: you are re-sensitizing your desensitized reward circuits. Down the line this should lead to an increase in libido, a lift from depression and anhedonia, focus and motivation issues, etc etc.
This information is readily available through a simple google search, but if you'd like, here is a nice summary from wikipedia:
"Two main frontal areas have been implicated in the dream process. The first involves the deep white matter of the frontal lobes (just above the eyes). The main systems at work here involve the mesolimbic and mesocortical dopaminergic pathways. There are connecting fibres that run between frontal and limbic structures. A dopaminergic pathway runs from the ventral tegmental area, ascends through the lateral hypothalamus, various basal forebrain areas (nucleus basalis, stria terminalis, shell of nucleus accumbens) and terminates in the amygdala, anterior cingulate gyrus and frontal cortex. Damage to the dopaminergic pathway results in a loss of dreaming. Furthermore, chemical stimulation of the pathway (with L-DOPA for example) increases the frequency and vividness of dreams without affecting REM sleep.[10] It is interesting to note that the mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways are considered the seeking areas or the motivational command centers of the brain. Damage not only results in the loss of dreams but also of motivated behaviour.[6] Transection or inhibition of the dopamine pathway also reduces some positive symptoms of schizophrenia, many of which have been likened to dream-like states. Drugs that block the system have anti-psychotic effects but also reduce excessive and vivid dreaming.[10] Further evidence that dreaming can occur independently of REM sleep is found in the occurrence of nocturnal seizures during NREM that often present themselves as nightmares. Activation here is seen in the tempora
... keep reading on reddit ➡