https://preview.redd.it/cq0p9wzpdjd81.png?width=1152&format=png&auto=webp&s=7baf1943c769f44ec7cae166c016b3d597a9bce0

So if I understand correctly in Paraguay you have Spanish,Guarani,Jopara, and various forms of these like Guarani with less loanwords(pure Guarani) ect. How do these work. Who speaks what language, is Guarani spoken more in the countryside and Jopara in the city? Are there areas where people speak Spanish with less Guarani?

Does it depend on the race of the person as well, like more native people will speak Guarani and Mestizos/White people will speak Jopara? Or does it just depend on where the person is from, like a very White person from a certain area will only know Guarani(is this possible?).

Also how does Jopara work, is it mostly Spanish with Guarani words and phrases or does it have some Guarani grammar rules as well. Do you still have the noun genders in Jopara(El,La) or does it depend from person to person?

Thanks! Paraguay is absolutely interesting to me, I apologize if any of these questions are confusing.

Hi all,

The language app Glossika is now accepting applications to add new languages. Creators earn a part of the revenue! Here is the link: https://ai.glossika.com/blog/introducing-viva-help-the-world-learn-your-language. The reason I am sharing this is that it would be amazing to have Glossika language resources in Guarani as well

I'm Peruvian, and even though there is a significant Quechua population (as well as other indigenous groups) the indigenous people have disproportionately little economic and social power, and in fact little cultural power as well. The lack of socioeconomic power is no surprise, but more interesting is seeing the lack of prevalence of Quechuan culture among the mainstream Peruvian culture. Venturing through Lima you will rarely encounter anyone speaking Quechua - the media, the politicians, academia, etc.. have very little indigenous presence even though the population is significant.

It's an interesting contrast though the to Afro populations in let's say United States - who although they have little socio economic power , they have plenty of cultural influence particularly in music and vernacular. The youth in America use lots of speech that is originally of afro american origin. I will of course admit that the cultural differences are not as pronounced, especially since the African American community does not have it's own distinct language.

When you got to Cuzco you see the Spanish architecture built upon the indigenous ruins. And although of course these cathedrals are beautiful in their own right - you can already seeing them in Spain, or less indigenous influenced countries like Uruguay/Argentina. This region had a unique group of cultures and languages but they fade to the background to be replaced prominently by Spanish/European culture.

In Latin America for the most part the indigenous cultures are either nearly extinct, or if they're present they're really in the background never reaching the prominence of primarily Spanish culture, especially in terms of language. I think it would have been interesting to see for example my country, due something similar to what Paraguay did and not shove the Quechua language into the background. Growing up in the coast of Peru you don't really learn anything about the Indigenous culture or any of their languages.

One of Paraguay's official languages is Guarani, an indigenous language, which a majority of the population speaks. But, Brazil does not have the same situation (I am aware that early settlers spoke the Tupi language).

I was curious because a quick Wikipedia search indicated that at the time of colonization, Brazil had a population of 1 million Tupi, while Paraguay had a population of 400,000 Guarani. Now, Brazil has around 10,000 Tupi and Paraguay has around 300,000 Guarani. So, the Guarani population has not experienced a massive change like the Tupi population did.

Furthermore, the Guarani culture is quite vibrant, considering how their language has been adopted by the larger population. On the other hand, the Tupi language is considered endangered and many Tupi people can no longer speak it.

What caused such a huge disparity between these groups? My question is motivated by the fact that Tupi and Guarani are closely related.

Especially in countries with large indigenous populations like Bolivia and Ecuador.

Guarani is an official language in Paraguay, and also in the northeastern Argentine provinces of Corrientes and Chaco (which both border Paraguay). (Guarani is also spoken in Formosa and Misiones provinces in Argentina, and parts of Parana and Mato Grosso states in Brazil.) And there have been historical cultural links between Paraguay and northeast Argentina.

Is Guarani spoken/understood more broadly in Paraguay than in the northeastern Argentine provinces in question, and is Guarani more of a minority language in northeast Argentina than Paraguay? To talk more broadly, is there a significant difference between Paraguayan culture and northeast Argentine culture?

When talking about languages in a Pan-American federation, the most sounded option might be a trilingual state, with Spanish, English and Portuguese, but also having English as the language of education and business for it's role as the international lingua-franca.

Though I can see the reason behind this proposal I really think it would be important to look towards others directions, for instance, this three languages are really regional, wich means that it could spur a sense of social discontent, and ethnical tension. Wich in a so pluricultural state, is the last thing you want, therefore i suggest that a better solution would be a neutral lingua-franca inside the territory.

Esperanto.

Probably its a good bet, and I'm sure that some of you though about it, it's the colang with the biggest community and it's a neutral language, but there is where I personally find the flaw in it, Esperanto it's a language that most people have to learn from scratch, it was intended in that way for no advantage in a international or European scenario, but I don't find that kind of problem in the Americas, French, Portuguese & Spanish are all from the same family, and English has a lot of loanwords from French, for this and the fact that most of the people are reluctant to learn another language, I find Esperanto, feasible in a Pan-American situation but not the ideal.

Interlingua.

I personally think that Interlingua it's a better option for this matter, it's often heard the motto: “Interlingua, The language that every latin language speaker and highly educated English speakers can speak”, though i find it's orthography the problem here, it has certain ambiguity that to a English or Latin speaker might not be inconvenient, but for a native American or a Migrant could be a problem, therefore i think that a orthography reform would beneficial but don't know if it could affect it's recognisability with the other languages.

Papiamento.

It's a creole language between Spanish and Portuguese, with Dutch English and African loanwords, i can see it working because creole languages tend to have a very straight forward grammar, but don't know how the American francophony would receive it, it has two way of spelling it, the Aruba way, more related to how Spanish and Portuguese are spelled, and the Bonaire & Curaçao way, more related to its phonetics, i personally incline more to the last one, for the whole point of being a neutral language.

New languages.

I also could

ESPAÑOL:

¿Qué periódico recomendariáis de vuestro país?

Me gusta mucho la región (en especial Colombia, consumo muchas cosas de allí) y ya que no puedo viajar fácilmente me gustaría saber lo que pasa en los países y estar al tanto de la vida social, política y económica de cada país. Por ahora solo conozco el periódico colombiano El espectador.

¿Qué periódico diriáis vosotros que es el mejor de vuestro país y el que tiene contenido de más calidad?

Y una cosa a los moderadores si ven parte de este post en español: sé que pusisteis la regla de que los post sean en inglés para que el público internacional no hispano entienda lo que se dice, no os preocupéis, voy a poner también el post en inglés más abajo. He escrito este post también en español porque pienso que sería más íntimo entre nosotros poder leer la pregunta en el idioma con el que crecimos y supongo que al que le tendremos más apego (aunque supongo que los paraguayos le tendrán más apego al guaraní, que según estadísticas es el idioma que más se suele usar en casa). Al menos eso es lo que me pasa a mí, siento más cercanas a las personas si hablamos español incluso habiendo empezado a aprender inglés a los tres años. Espero que no les moleste, si es así, les pido perdón por adelantado.

ENGLISH:

Which newspaper would you recommend from your country?

I like the region a lot (especially Colombia, I consume a lot of things from there) and since I can't travel easily I would like to know what is going on in the countries and to be aware of the social, political and economic life of each country. For now I only know the Colombian newspaper El espectador.

Which newspaper would you say is the best in your country and the one with the best quality content?

And one thing to the moderators if you see part of this post in Spanish: I know you put the rule that the posts should be in English so that the non-Hispanic international audience can understand what is being said, don't worry, I will also put the post in English below. I have written this post also in Spanish because I think it would be more intimate between us to be able to read the question in the language we grew up with and I guess we will be more attached to (although I suppose Paraguayans will be more attached to Guarani, which according to statistics is the language most commonly used at home). At least that's what happens to me, I feel closer to people if we speak Spanish even if I started learning English when I was three

Pt.1 | Dramatis Personae

---Disclaimer: This is a continuation of a character sheet for the series There Will Be Scritches. It may not be to everyone's taste, it is not required reading, you will be able to enjoy the series having never read further. I intend to edit it as new characters are added and/or if details change. Characters are listed in order of first mention---

Name: Jeanne “Blitz” Miyazaki

Sex: F

Occupation: Ambassador

Age (EEY): 65 (52 at meeting with Tcakqaal, 38 at Peace Accord)

Species: Human

Diet: Omnivorous

Manipulation: Bimanual (ten fingers, of which two thumbs)

Locomotion: Bipedal Plantigrade

Height: 178cm

Weight: 68kg

Hair Colour: Raven

Eye Colour: Black

Homeworld: Earth Cradleworld: Earth

Languages Spoken: English, Japanese, Russian, French, Korean, Tagalog, Swahili, Arabic, Navajo, New Norse (Icelandic, Faroese comprehensible), German, Spanish, Hindi, Telegu, Kazakh, Mongol, Farsi, Yoruba, Malagasy, Guarani, GB, GBSL

Sexual Preference: Straight Species Preference: Robo sapiens

First Mention: Pt. 6 First Appearance: Pt.6

Religious Persuasion: Buddhist-Shinto Syncretist

Familial Status: Married to Ez1026r583A “Ezra”

Alma Mater: Westminster College

Name: Ez1026r583A “Ezra”

Sex: None (male presenting)

Occupation: Ambassador

Age (EEY): 41 (29 at meeting with Tcakqaal)

Species: Robo sapiens

Diet: None (charges electrically by use of solar collection field)

Manipulation: Bimanual (ten fingers, of which two thumbs)

Locomotion: Bipedal Plantigrade

Height: 230cm

Weight: 200kg

Hair Colour: None

Eye Colour: Luminous Azure

Homeworld: Earth Cradleworld: Earth

Languages Spoken: All Known

Sexual Preference: Straight Species Preference: Humans

First Mention: Pt. 6 First Appearance: Pt.6

Religious Persuasion: Agnostic

Familial Status: Married to Jeanne “Blitz” Miyazaki

Alma Mater: Westminster College

Name: Yetta

Sex: F

Occupation: None currently

Age (EEY): 25

Species: Pahadan

Hi all! In a separate discussion, I saw some people discussing why some features are commonly coded in languages (such as plurality) while other hypothetically possible distinctions don't seem to ever be coded/lexicalized in natural languages (such as a distinction between drinking from a round container vs drinking from a square container). Theoretically, you can make up any distinction you want, and ask "why isn't this random distinction coded in natural languages?" But usually this won't be an interesting question, since we don't have a reason to expect such a distinction. However, I'm curious about whether you can think of any distinctions which you might expect to be coded (in natural languages), but aren't. (I thought this topic is interesting enough to deserve its own post, rather than being buried deep within the original post, hope that's okay!)

For those who don't know, it refers to a video that I've shown that is about a modern TNO world that follows specific paths to create a world. It goes something like this: (Warning, a very long read)

• Speer won the civil war and overcame both the Hardliners and the G4, creating Dengist Germany in the process. However, his growth is hampered by the Second West Russian War, which while it ended in a stalemate, led to both powers feeling humiliated, meaning Germany's power in Europe is reduced. Even after crushing the slave revolt, pockets of resistance remained in parts of Eastern Europe and now the Caucasus, though their allegiances are currently unknown. Speer is replaced by former SS-officer, Hubert Meyer, who kept Germany as conservative as possible. A new page will turn, however, as his health deteriorates and combined with the Frankfurt Stock Market crash of 2007 throws the nation in economic disarray. It is only a matter of time in who could replace Meyer and if they'll be able to bring Germany back to her feet. Current members of the Pakt include Ireland, Serbia, Hungary, Portugal, Denmark, Benelux and the French State.
• The surrounding European countries aren't faring that much better. Britain became an isolated state following the Civil War, but Nigel Farage is making friendly moves to formalize relationships with Germany. The French State under Jean-Marie Le Pen has been an incompetent state with the Frankfurt crash only worsening it. Even with Burgundy gone, the state remained under German thumb, and a civil war seems inevitable. Serbia and Hungary are showing signs of wanting to break away from German influence as nationalism grows in their nations. Portugal itself had the ultra-militarists win the Portuguese civil war, but that didn't stop a period of coups and counter-coups. Even under Jose Manuel Duarte's regime, pro-democracy elements in the army still exist, waiting their moment to strike. Spanish Republicans won on the Spanish side of the Iberian wars, restoring the Republic. However, it remains a very flawed democracy, with fraud, intimidation and putschism being common, as well as paramilitary forces like the National Redemption Front still existing in some capacity and like with Britain, keeping a policy of neutrality. Romania, still under the rule Mikhail I has become a thorn to Germany with their acceptance of refugees and minorities to their nation.
• Italy managed to move to Democracy, but instability rocked the nation as the Pia

I don't want to step on anybody's toes here, but the amount of non-dad jokes here in this subreddit really annoys me. First of all, dad jokes CAN be NSFW, it clearly says so in the sub rules. Secondly, it doesn't automatically make it a dad joke if it's from a conversation between you and your child. Most importantly, the jokes that your CHILDREN tell YOU are not dad jokes. The point of a dad joke is that it's so cheesy only a dad who's trying to be funny would make such a joke. That's it. They are stupid plays on words, lame puns and so on. There has to be a clever pun or wordplay for it to be considered a dad joke.

Again, to all the fellow dads, I apologise if I'm sounding too harsh. But I just needed to get it off my chest.

Hi, guys!

Within the last year, r/DankPrecolumbianMemes has expanded from around 13.5K subscribers to around 16.9K subscribers (an expansion of about 25%), the slowest year of growth in the subreddit's history but a very lively one in terms of activity. At this time every year, we run a survey asking certain questions to learn about the makeup of our community and how it has changed within the last year. This is largely for us as moderators but we like to be transparent and share in discussions with other people in the community since this is all your space too. We ran this survey for the last week and incidentally got 188 responses, the exact same number we got last year. Most of the questions will measure percentages which answered a certain way. After each percentage category, I will put a second percentage in parentheses which indicates the change since this time last year. The last two questions were free response and I will give you the full list of responses so we can talk about them. You can discuss any of these results in the comments of this post or if you want to join where most of the meta discussion happens, in our Discord. Without further ado, here we go.

How did you find r/DankPrecolumbianMemes?

Linked on Reddit: 43.3% (-2.1%)

Stumbled across it: 29.4% (-.8%)

Found it through interest in the Precolumbian Americas and associated media: 20.3% (+4.1%)

Word-of-mouth or other form of IRL exposure: 1.6% (-3.3%)

The remaining "other" responses were as follows:

"Cross post"

"either from r/nativeamerican or Virgin vs Chad memes"

"Found it through mictlantecuhtli's other accounts"

"HMC"

"I founded it."

"It came to me in a dream"

"Jacob"

"Reccomended by members on Discord."

"shared on discord"

"Was there when it was founded"

Do you like our monthly competitions?

No opinion: 53.5% (+1.6%)

Yes: 46.5% (+0%)

No: 0% (-1.6%)

Do you have a user flair on the subreddit?

No: 87.6% (+4.9%)

Yes: 12.4% (-4.9%)

Do you like our AutoModerator responses? (To "Toltec," "Mayan Empire," "Guns, Germs, and Steel," "HistoryMemes," etc.)

Yes: 65.8% (-2.8%)

No opinion: 31.6% (+3.5%)

No: 2.7% (-.5%)

Are you on our Discord?

No: 83% (+6.9%)

Yes: 17% (-6.9%)

Do you have ancestry indigenous to the Americas?

No: 65.9% (-.8%)

Yes: 34.1 (+.8%)

We often measure ourselves against r/HistoryMemes both as a place we provide part of an alternative to and as something we are heavily affected by and heavily

Spanish still counts if you are Brazilian and Portuguese does too if you are not Brazilian