Study shows that within the EU there is potentially enough SAF feedstock to meet 5% of jet-a demand within the EU by 2030 at best, with a more realistic figure of less than 2%.
On that basis, reducing aviation carbon emissions by the use of SAF is ineffective.
$SNPW November 23, 2021
Sun Pacific Holding Corp. (Other OTC: SNPW) announces that its wholly owned subsidiary, National Mechanical Group (“NMG”) and partners Renewable Energy Engineers Aust. (“REEA”) have signed an agreement with Aspire to provide feedstock for the development of six waste to recovery plants in Australia using revolutionary technology that will create no waste by-products and virtually zero emissions. These plants will be able to process up to 1000 tons per day of the most toxic waste that generally ends up in landfill such as tires, asbestos, mattresses and plastics.
Currently the Joint Venture Partners are well advanced in discussions with various Local Government Authorities (LGA) for the location of the installations. The LGA’s have warmly received the intention to invest as it will represent a significant boost to the local economies and job creation projects.
https://finance.yahoo.com/news/sun-pacific-holding-corp-subsidiary-141500788.html
I had a variety of different images in my head. Sometimes, before I went to bed, I would feel incredible pressure; when in darkness I would feel my scale of the world shifting like I was getting bigger or smaller and the detail of my surroundings would change.
I mostly saw things at a detail higher than I could normally perceive, and it felt like my brain was having something that couldn't fit pushed inside, almost like physical pain. It was most likely a migraine.
I also recall dreams of shapes expanding or shrinking to limitlessly great or small scales. These transformations would happen slowly so I understood the actual scale - this made them all the worse to endure.
I would frequently wake in cold sweat, screaming, and normally crying. When I woke, that same feeling of warped scale and detail stayed with me until I found my parents. I remember recounting these dreams to my mum incoherently, saying bizarre things like "the shapes had armies" in an attempt to represent the scale of these entities.
I suppose a mathematical way of describing these things is an expansion in three dimensions without limit.
One thing to note: unlike others, these dreams didn't always approach me in fever, but at the time I was undergoing some poor circumstances that probably made me feel sick even when not under sickness. The big, defining feature of these visions to me is disproportionate magnitude, highly detailed texture, warped sense of time and almost always present was loud, terrible white noise - even after I woke.
The best way to describe it was like being forced to comprehend the full scale of the universe, from its smallest particle to its largest expanse.
If anyone has anything to comment on that struck them, please do. I'd also like to hear if anyone else had these visions "follow them into the waking world" like I experienced.
Near-record high fertilizer prices. Most fertilizer prices increased sharply in 2021Q3 and continued rising in early November, reaching levels unseen since the 2008-09 global financial crisis.
Surge in input costs. Surging natural gas prices in Europe resulted in widespread production cutbacks in ammonia—an important input for nitrogen fertilizers—while escalating thermal coal prices in China led to a rationing of electricity use in some provinces and forced fertilizer factories to cut production.
https://preview.redd.it/91nz3ohb0q081.png?width=848&format=png&auto=webp&s=226a4b07c26300dcbd0651b00b628b8a2bd80b56
Trade policies. China has announced the suspension of fertilizer exports until June 2022 to ensure domestic availability amid food security concerns.
https://preview.redd.it/4rjp78530q081.png?width=848&format=png&auto=webp&s=ad4df093892021a0fc5185e0addefdfc7d29689a
Growing divergence in spot and contract prices. Supply disruptions have lifted MOP (muriate of potash) spot prices, leading to a historically large divergence from contract prices.
Outlook and risks. Urea prices are anticipated to decline marginally in 2022 as feedstock costs moderate. DAP prices are projected to remain elevated in the first half of 2022 on expectations of tight supply unless Chinese export restrictions are relaxed earlier than anticipated. MOP contract prices are forecast to surge in 2022 following significant increases in spot prices. Upside risks to the outlook include further supply disruptions while downside risks (especially in the longer term) include intensification of environmental policies restricting fertilizer use.
Hi everyone, no chem background (ie I don't actually know what an acid is) here at all but hoping to get some help to understand the basic tradeoffs in blast furnace feed in terms of deleterious elements. Obviously this stuff is complicated but am looking to build a surface lvl understanding (am going into an industrials/engineering industry once I finish school and been reading widely for general knowledge). I've skimmed through a few research reports and here's my summary below. Would anyone be able to point out if my understanding is in the right direction/give some comments where I'm wrong? This is specifically for Sinter feed but I assume the general concepts can be applied to Lumps/pellets as well.
1.Alumina (Al2O3) is terrible. It is an acid and acids make slag Viscous, meaning the slag doesn't separate from the metal/"sticks to the Fe" after the reduction process. To counteract the acid, the only option is to raise the basicity using Flux (higher basicity transforms "sticky" to "free-flowing"). There are two Fluxes, Silica (SiO2) and Limstone (CaO). SiO2 is already naturally found in the ore while Lime is something we add additionally. The problem is that when you add even more Flux than you usually do, you need more fuel consumption to heat the feedstock and melt the additional slag. More slag also means you lose more Fe into slag which needs to be recovered.
1a. I don't really understand why we add SiO2 to counteract Al2O3, when silica is also an acid. I read a lot about the "Al2O3:SiO2" ratio and apparently it should <1. I know that SiO2 is a Flux hence it is key to slag formation. My initial assumption is that we're trying to "counteract the acid" using a Base but it seems, if the point is to add Flux, then we're moreso trying to increase slag formation to deal with Al2O3?
1b. I have read that SiO2 actually interacts with CaO to neutralise the acidity of SiO2, which makes me even more confused.
- There is an optimal basicity, measured by CaO:SiO2 ratio, usually it's quite high for Sinter (around 2). Basicity improves the strength of the Sinter product so that it can withstand blast furnace conditions. Basicity of sinter also determines amount of flux you need to add in the subsequent Blast Furnace process to aid with slag formation. Hence some sinters are called "super fluxed" meaning you don't need to add lime in the BF. So in summary Basicity determines 1) Quantity of slag produced, 2) Strength of Sinter, and 3) Fluidity of Slag/ease
Hi. I am a junior ChemEng and we are starting our first iGEM team for uni. Fluoride in groundwater is a huge issue in my state and ro plants are not feasible in rural areas. I was considering a fluoride bioaccumulation (check iGEM 2017 east chapel team) and converting that fluoride into a chemical feedstock (fluoroacetate) which can be then used for biofluoropolymer production. Can anyone suggest any changes to the plan or whether it is too difficult for a bunch of inexperienced noobs to do? We haven't been able to go to wetlab till now so have no experience. Is the idea even feasible? Thanks from India.
If I'm not mistaken, on its LCA pdf file (link) it assumes they planted the feedstock.
> All products from Origin’s process contain biogenic carbon, that was captured by the biomass during its growth. The carbon harnessed during photosynthesis was calculated by stoichiometry based on the amount of biogenic carbon present in the products. In the inventory of Origin’s process, this CO2 intake appears as a negative flow of carbon dioxide, removed from the atmosphere.
I assume they aren't going plant all those feedstocks they plan to harnessing it so wouldn't negative carbon footprint claim be false? Since the manufacting/distributing process leaves carbon footprint, wouldn't this be positive carbon footprint from ORGN. The feedstock is there doing photosynthesis no matter ORGN exist or not.
I'm no expert in LCA test or anything so please educate me if I'm wrong.
$SNPW November 23, 2021
Sun Pacific Holding Corp. (Other OTC: SNPW) announces that its wholly owned subsidiary, National Mechanical Group (“NMG”) and partners Renewable Energy Engineers Aust. (“REEA”) have signed an agreement with Aspire to provide feedstock for the development of six waste to recovery plants in Australia using revolutionary technology that will create no waste by-products and virtually zero emissions. These plants will be able to process up to 1000 tons per day of the most toxic waste that generally ends up in landfill such as tires, asbestos, mattresses and plastics.
Currently the Joint Venture Partners are well advanced in discussions with various Local Government Authorities (LGA) for the location of the installations. The LGA’s have warmly received the intention to invest as it will represent a significant boost to the local economies and job creation projects.
https://finance.yahoo.com/news/sun-pacific-holding-corp-subsidiary-141500788.html
MANALAPAN, N.J., Nov. 23, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Sun Pacific Holding Corp. (Other OTC: SNPW) announces that its wholly owned subsidiary, National Mechanical Group (“NMG”) and partners Renewable Energy Engineers Aust. (“REEA”) have signed an agreement with Aspire to provide feedstock for the development of six waste to recovery plants in Australia using revolutionary technology that will create no waste by-products and virtually zero emissions. These plants will be able to process up to 1000 tons per day of the most toxic waste that generally ends up in landfill such as tires, asbestos, mattresses and plastics.
https://finance.yahoo.com/news/sun-pacific-holding-corp-subsidiary-141500788.html?soc_src=social-sh&soc_trk=tw&tsrc=twtr
