Two of my recent acquisitions. These cost me $20 (for both) which seems like a bargain to me for how cool and olden they are, regardless of actual value.
These particular coins are 16 & 18 MM & around 1.4 GRAMSObverse: Arabic InscriptionReverse: Arabic Inscription with Tamga
https://preview.redd.it/6wk6wx65lm971.jpg?width=1595&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=9008f0a3fa9f0f81854539b6de9c22167ee9f8c8
Some history of the Golden Hoard: THE JOCHID MONGOL GOLDEN HORDE & CRIMEAN KHANATE existed from the 13thโ14th centuries AD. Established by Batu Khan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, the Golden Horde's name (Altan Ordu) may come from the yellow tents used by their rulers.
The Tartar people to the north of China brought a number of tribes into a military confederation and achieved such a series of conquests as has no parallel in history. These were the Mongols. Their leader, Temujin, proclaimed himself supreme ruler of all Mongols in 1206 and assumed the title of Genghis Khan.
Genghis Khan invaded China, captured the capital and conquered an empire that reached from the Pacific to the Volga river, and under his successors nearly all Russia became tributary to the Mongols (or Tartars as the Russians called them) for over two hundred years. The Mongol rulers were always chosen from the 'Golden Family' of Temujin. The grandson of Genghis Khan, Batu Khan, advanced far into eastern Europe and established in 1251 the rule of the Golden Horde in Russia.
At one point Genghis Khan gave more power to his generals, allowing them to find their own destinies. In exchange, they all pledged their undying loyalty to Genghis Khan, and upheld his law called the Yassa. Batu, one of the greater of Mongol leaders, led his armies past through the Urals, and invaded the Russian Princes. The conquest and vassalization of Moscow, ensured their dominion, and ruled in the name of Genghis Khan.
The Golden Horde became one of the wealthier Mongol branches and at one period the Golden Horde held dominion from the Crimea all the way up to Novgorod, bordering countries such as Sweden, and Lithuania. At one point the Mongols went as far as Hungary and Poland. To this day, the Hungarian people call themselves Magyars, whom are descendants of eastern Europeans who have intermarried with Mongols.
[Some of my other hoard coins, showing some differences in flat areas from poor strikes vs those from wear added due to comment inquiry below. Top and bottom rows are obverse/reverse
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Yes and no. Kalka was near the start, but it was the golden horde that really pushed into the heart of th kievan rus specifically.
Batu khan invaded ~the late 1230s iirc. He swept through the land and demolished the city of kiev. I mean it took until the end of the horde to rebuild. Estimates go from 300k-600k were killed just from the conquest of the principalities, which only ended when the son that inherited the golden horde died.
From there, the kievan rus were ruled until 1380 (did have to look the battle up). The battle of Kulikovo marked the end of direct rule, and then it was a few decades later that tributes stopped being made.
Some of the rus did prosper. Basically if you hated moscow, you were doing really, really good. The mongols hated moscow and made a lot of trade allies. They then rebelled as time went on and the golden horde became a problem, only to be put down by, wait for it, Ivan I 'the terrible'. Got moscow and a tartar backed tsardom for that one.
This culminated in a lot of enbitterment and slowly resent built even among the tsardom (also caused by the religious differences because Ivan pushed for christian orthodoxy HARD).
The final straw was when tartar hordes began doing slave raids to get slaves for ottoman trade, which lead to that 1380 battle and a lot of fighting leading up to it. In some ways, yes, the rus prospered. In many more, though, they did not. The mongols were a constant threat if they got pissed enough to come to the heartland, and the horde that followed and DID come to the heartland was a mixed bag at best.
There was also a deep divide that came after the tsardom started to form. See, those slave trades and such? Moscow and its directly controlled lands did not get those, or much of any horde bs. That rebellion flipped the script, and Ivan ensured moscow was now the one on good terms for a century straight, but this caused a deep resentment as nobles fled to moscow, and stsrted the whole separation of noble snd peasant. This also caused a lot of groef with the southern principalities so far from moscow... and wouldn't you know, belarus and ukraine are pretty far south. Yes, I'm implying it was that big a deal later on. They united long enough for Russia to form, but that enbitterment really solidified their separation when it faltered.
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[Go1dfish undelete link](http://r.go1dfish.me/r/history/comments/j6eui5
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In Batu Khan's invasion of crimea. If Crimea Vanished and Edward's England was teleported some 200 years in the future where crimea was could Batu have been victorious?
Some 80,000 men marched upon the Northern Reaches of the Domain. Batu had left the remainder of his horde in Tanais or in the lands of the Muscovy, making ready for war with the west.
Aided by 25,000 men from Muscovy, Batu would demand the surrender of all the cities that stood in his way. He started with the Northern Reaches of the Black Sea which were held by the Knights of Jupiter. All those who resisted would be besieged and destroyed. In this campaign, the territories of the Knights of Jupiter would be assailed but only if the refused to surrender to the Khan of the Golden Horde.
Batu Khan revelled in the surrenders of cities and derived joy from bloody battles, the Knights of Jupiter and their outposts in the North faced a choice.
[Map of Territories which Batu Khan planned to take] (http://i.imgur.com/3hNGY4Z.png)
[Meta] Up to you whether you want to resist with these territories or not. It'd be an interesting war [Meta]
I read somewhere that although he was a military genius and opened the silk road, he also did horrible things, he destroyed Baghdad, divided the east Slavs and destroyed their kingdoms. What do you say about these people?
In the time that the Eurasians were held down fighting the partisans, the Mongolians had reorganized and regrouped in the southern half of their country which remained free from Eurasian occupation. Improvised airfields built in Mandalgovi, Khanbogd, Khurmen, Bayandalai and Sainshand meant that ASEAN could start landing troops in the country, both to bolster the frontline against the Eurasians and to remind the Chinese of the terms of their stay in Mongolia. It wasnโt much in comparison to the convoys of troops coming in from China, but until they arrived the men coming off the planes would do. The Mongolian army had been reorganized, now incorporating many refugees from the Hohhot Khanate. Faced between persecution & likely extermination at the hands of the Chinese Heavenly Kingdom and certain extermination at the hands of the Eurasians, they chose to fight for survival. The new army, however, suffered a severe vehicle shortage due to almost all of their vehicles being destroyed in the invasion. A solution would need to be found.
The Mongolians found a solution to the armour shortage and introduced it on August 26th, 2067. What was supposed to be any other charge towards a Chinese trench quickly went wrong when the Eurasians were greeted with a scene from days of yore: A swarm of cavalry, armed with swords and lances, headed straight for them. The Eurasians were caught completely off guard, and very few snapped themselves out of their stupor to open fire. They too were run through with their comrades and trampled underfoot.
As bold and terrifying as this new tactic was, it still came with its drawbacks. Warfare had changed since the 13th century and automatic rifles and machine guns inflicted horrific casualties on the cavalry, the horses in particular. The sound of the machine guns also scared the horses, turning many attempted charges into total routs. But an absence of proper fighting vehicles meant that substitutes were desperately needed and a perfect candidate couldnโt be tossed out over allergies to bullets.
Through a few months of trial and error, double-strength kevlar vests, sleeves and masks were made that could fit the horses. Heavy but comfortable, they provided adequate protection from bullets and shrapnel, and ensured that any wounds sustained could easily be survived. The suits were not full-body however, and the joints were left uncovered to ensure mobility and flexibility. To better prepare the horses for modern war, they would
... keep reading on reddit โกI don't want to step on anybody's toes here, but the amount of non-dad jokes here in this subreddit really annoys me. First of all, dad jokes CAN be NSFW, it clearly says so in the sub rules. Secondly, it doesn't automatically make it a dad joke if it's from a conversation between you and your child. Most importantly, the jokes that your CHILDREN tell YOU are not dad jokes. The point of a dad joke is that it's so cheesy only a dad who's trying to be funny would make such a joke. That's it. They are stupid plays on words, lame puns and so on. There has to be a clever pun or wordplay for it to be considered a dad joke.
Again, to all the fellow dads, I apologise if I'm sounding too harsh. But I just needed to get it off my chest.
Reasons for Mongol Withdrawal
Many reasons are listed for the Mongol withdrawal from Hungary-Croatia and Europe in general. One that is common for most of them is that they present Mongol military power as unbeatable by Europeans, and rely solely on environmental (geographical, climatological) explanations for the Mongol withdrawal. In fact, most accounts present the Mongol withdrawal as having saved Europe, yet give no explanations as to how and why the Mongols withdrew. In general, however, there are four major theories which explain the Mongol withdrawal.
First theory, and also the most common one, is the political theory. According to this, Batu Khan withdrew upon receiving news of Ogodei Khanโs death in Mongolia (Ogodei died in December 1241., Batu will have received news in March 1242.). Upon receiving news, Batu Khan immediately ceased the campaign. Second is the ecological theory, which holds that the plains of Hungary simply did not have forage sufficient for Mongol horses, and thus that Europe in general was unsuitable for conquest, which Mongols recognized and thus retreated. Third is the limited goals theory, stating that Mongols intended only a limited expedition โ either an exploratory raid or else a punitive expedition against Bela IV for harbouring Cumans. Fourth is the theory of military weakness, stating that Mongols had been so weakened by subjugating Eastern Europe that they could not continue further westwards.
Do your worst!
I'm surprised it hasn't decade.
For context I'm a Refuse Driver (Garbage man) & today I was on food waste. After I'd tipped I was checking the wagon for any defects when I spotted a lone pea balanced on the lifts.
I said "hey look, an escaPEA"
No one near me but it didn't half make me laugh for a good hour or so!
Edit: I can't believe how much this has blown up. Thank you everyone I've had a blast reading through the replies ๐
It really does, I swear!
Because she wanted to see the task manager.
Heard they've been doing some shady business.
but then I remembered it was ground this morning.
Edit: Thank you guys for the awards, they're much nicer than the cardboard sleeve I've been using and reassures me that my jokes aren't stale
Edit 2: I have already been made aware that Men In Black 3 has told a version of this joke before. If the joke is not new to you, please enjoy any of the single origin puns in the comments
BamBOO!
Theyโre on standbi
Calling a Great Kurultai
Brothers, distance, history, and time may separate us, but blood does not. It it was saddens me the most in Bakhchysarai today. An upstart tribe seeking to take advantage of ourselves in moments of weakness. Even the Great Khan would wait or challenge the other Khan to a duel. Such are the greats like Genghis Khan, Kublai Khan, and Batu Khan, and not those that wish to usurp our ways and prestige with weak attacks. It is such that I call upon the Great Horde and Astrakhan for a Kurultai, to address the Nogai invasion, to address succession, and to suggest the formation of a 'great nation'. Shall we fight back with their game or shall we end them in a circle. We the children of Genghis Khan must unite against outside threats as we look to the future and who shall once again lead our Great State. Ethnic divides and petty squabbles no more, a Kurultai shall decide and unite our blood into one, once again, and forever more!
[M] Inviting the Great Horde and Astrakhan to a Kurultai (meeting/council) to talk about Nogai invading the Great Horde and whether we should repel them, or unite as one state for now (and perhaps the future) with a set leader. With Russia vassalizing Kazan and another tribe attacking they might be interested in an arrangement like the Privilege of Buda where we designate the last surviving ruler as Khan of the 'Great State' creating a lot of stability now, but pushing off instability into the near future.
This is a collaboration between me and u/sorrybison14 and the first part in our series about the Chinese Warlord states that existed in during the Second Chinese Civil War from 2056-2070.
The Neo-Legalism Regime
The Province of Gansu has never been the most water secure region in China, even since the 2030s. Only a canal from the glaciers of Tibet provides the bare minimum of water supply. When China collapsed in 2056 and Tibet was immediately conquered by India, most of the water the people of Gansu relied on was gone. Water is now the most valuable resource in the province. Immediately the civilian government collapsed as the military started to turn on its other for resources. It was from the military that the iron leader of Gansu was born. Lu Huizhong was a lowly quartermaster in the army when the crisis happened. With his expert management and loyal men (which he gained through convincing them that he can guarantee water), he would become the undisputed leader of Gansu by 2057. Now in charge of 20 million men, he set about making the laws for his new state. Always admiring Qin Shi Huang Di and the Qin Dynasty, he would eventually reintroduce their ideology which is Legalism (ๆณๅฎถ). It is pretty fitting as the Qin Dynasty started in Gansu.
Harsh laws were enacted everywhere for the most minor of crimes. Bodies of criminals lined the streets of Lanzhou. No one was above the law, not even his most loyal followers. Very strict water laws were enacted which actually saved the population from dying of thirst. With his efficient though cruel bureaucracy, Lu Huizhong has solidified Gansu as the most stable warlord state, though the army is relatively small due to the initial purges and fighting. Despite this, his soldiers would remain the best at desert fighting. This was proved in 2070 when it took nearly a whole year for the Chinese heavenly kingdom to conquer Gansu Neo Legalist Regime. Huizhong and his followers would flee to the desert of northern Gansu, never to be seen again. However, his legacy is not gone. His laws and edicts would remain in place at Gansu even up to 2100, due to how efficient it was and how it saved Gansu from dying of thirst.
The Hohhot Khanate
Inner Mongolia is not a part of China, it is part of the Mongolian heartland. This does not matter as by 2056, ethnic Mongolians in the region only consist of 12 percent of the population. When China collapsed and all civil order broke down, ethnic tensions flared up as the most b
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Pilot on me!!
A play on words.
Christopher Walken
Nothing, he was gladiator.
