Found this on Wikipedia on Antwerp's history. It is attributed to this book. Weren't the Spanish earning obscene amounts of money from gold and silver mines in the Americas?

Since he is a descendant of Amadeo I

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Hi everyone

I often see this very beautiful black lace or shawl that Spanish women wear. I’ve seen it mostly at weddings worn by the mothers of the groom. It’s like they’re wearing it over a crown maybe as it’s quite high. I hope it makes sense. What’s the story behind it, name of it and is it only worn at weddings?

It's a bit interesting how these two places, valuable for their strategic positions were neglected by the Spanish crown, both the Habsburgs and the Bourbons.

They focused on Mexico, the Caribbean, and the coast of Peru and Panama. Yet if they put a little bit more effort, they could have taken advantage of the vineyards in California, its great plains and, of course, its gold. Had they put any effort into improving Florida, they could have grown cotton and tobacco and possibly even head south to capture alligators and use their skin and meat as a commodity, like the Dutch did with the beaver pelts in New Netherland (New York), or use Tampa Bay or Florida Keys as a big trading network with its other colonies.

Moreover, it's incredible to see how they could not bridge Mexico and Florida and thereby have complete control of the Gulf. But alas, this did not happen and France was able to establish settlements in between.

Edit: the title. Should be this: I didn't give up learning Spanish after three months like I normally do with hobbies this time and I now have a streak of 392 days on Duolingo and I am 37% done with the tree (420 crowns).

Apparently I cannot crosspost from the Duolingo sub, but text will do too.

Anyway, last year I started again on Duolingo after being on and off the language learning-wagon for a while. I eventually choose Spanish and was like "okay let's see how far I can get this time".

And I sticked with it? In hindsight it was the best birthday present I could ever give to myself. Not that I speak Spanish very well after only using an app most of the time, but sometimes I am pleasantly surprised by how much I can understand if I read Spanish 'in the wild'.

To be honest, I do have to admit the badge for the 365 day streak really helped me to stick with it for so long (and I definitely used some streak freezes once in a while). Otherwise I don't think I would have gotten so far. It also helped I only did Spanish and no other languages (like I did in the past). I could not 'flee' to the other languages as soon the first one got too difficult and give up as soon both languages became too difficult. I really had to push myself through.

This year I bought a grammar book for my birthday and I already have done a lot of lessons. I hope to start with the podcasts soon too, but I want to understand some verb tenses better before I start.

I have written on the Duolingo sub how I tackle(d) the tree itself. If it is allowed I can link the post (or copy paste the text of the post itself) in the comments here.

tl;dr: I studied Spanish for more than three months and now I am proud. Estudié Español por más de tres meses y ahora estoy muy orgullosa!

It seems weird to me that republicans retaining royal symbolism.

Up for offer is a nice selection of 18th and early 19th century Spanish colonial 8 Reales.

There are still quite a few coins available from my previous sales.

South American Silver

European Silver

Any order over $150 or that includes a coin from a previous sale ships free.

Prices and Descriptions are below as well as in the captions on the imgur albums.

Prices are relatively firm, but if you are buying multiples we can talk

Please use PM and not chat, and refer to the number on the reverse of the coin holder or in the captions for ease and efficiency of communication.

Payment: Zelle, Paypal FF, G&S (+3%), Venmo

Shipping: Any order over $150 or has a coin from a previous sale ships free. All others are: $4 First Class Tracked, $8 Flat rate in Continental US, anything else at cost

Mint Mark Abbreviations

8 Reales

#2-10: 1756-1791 Proof Included

2. 1756 Mo, MM $200

3. 1775 Mo, FM $140

4. 1783 Mo, FF $180

5. 1784 Mo, FM $100

6. 1789 Mo, FM $115

7. 1791 Mo, FM $75

#11-20: 1793-1800

11. 1793 Mo, FM $200

12. 1793 Mo, FM $90

13. 1796 PTS, PP $200

14. 1796 Mo, FM $105

15. 1798 Mo, FM $150

16. 1798 Mo, FM $100

17. 1798 Mo, FM $120

18. 1799 Mo, FM $135

19. 1800 ME, IJ $135

#21-30: 1800-1805

21. 1800 Mo, FM $140

22. 1800 Mo, FM $105

23. 1801 M, FM $80 (Contemporary Counterfeit)

24. 1802 ME, IJ $150

25. 1804 PTS, PJ $165

26. 1804 PTS, PJ $110

27. 1805 Mo, TH $110

28. 1805 Mo, TH $120

#31-40: 1806-1808

31. 1806 Mo, TH $130

32. 1807 Mo, TH $110

33. 1807 Mo, TH $130

34. 1807 Mo, FT $100

35. 1808 Mo, TH $85

36. 1808 PTS, PJ $90

37. 1808 Mo, TH $110

#41-54: 1808-1819

41. 1808 Mo, TH $120

42. 1810 Mo, HJ $90

43. 1811 Mo, HJ $125

44. 1814 Mo, JI $125

45. 1815 PTS, PJ $95

46. 1816 PTS, PJ $90

47. 1818 ME, JP $150

48. 1818 Mo, JJ $150

49. 1818 Mo, JJ $110

50. 1818 Zs, AG $90

51. 1818 Zs, AG $90

52. 1818 PTS, PJ $120

53. 1819 Mo, JJ $150

Hi there! Since today is the fair, I have prepared some cool and fancy stuff for y'all! I hope you enjoy what I have brought today. I am somewhat willing to negotiate prices. I also got some stuff on consignment from my friends as they don't use reddit nor speak english very well.

I also have a few things located in the US if you think international shipping may cause you some trouble!

If you find reddit hard to chat I am willing to switch platforms to discord, instagram and maybe WhatsApp!

Google Drive For Better Quality: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1FpSmc5onssFi3UFPwZpPGRlDV3Pkc4Ug?usp=sharing

Banknotes

Proof: https://imgur.com/a/6TWn8at

PM me for more images. There are too many!

German Hyperinflation Banknotes

500 Marks - 3 USD

1000 Marks - 3 USD

20,000 Marks - 3 USD

100,000 Marks - 3 USD

200,000 Marks - 3 USD

5 Million Marks, 20 August 1923 - 5 USD

5 Million Marks, 22 August 1923 - 5 USD

10 Million Marks, 22 August 1923 - 5 USD

10 Million Marks, 2 September 1923 - 5 USD

20 Million Marks, 18 September 1923 - 5 USD

20 Million Marks, 25 July 1923 - 5 USD

100 Million Marks - 7 USD

200 Million Marks - 7 USD

500 Million Marks - 7 USD

1 Billion Marks - 7 USD

20 Billion Marks, 1 September 1923 - 7 USD

20 Billion Marks, 18 October 1923 - 7 USD

German Notgeld (Emergency) Money

50 Pfennig - 3 USD

1 Million Marks - 6.5 USD

Japanese Banknote

Japanese 5 Yen - 3 USD

* Take the whole lot for 65 USD

Coins

European

X5 Bulgaria 100 Leva - 31 USD https://imgur.com/a/Qts3V3P

Jewelried British Trade Dollar (1908 B Rare Date) - 55 USD https://imgur.com/a/ZL0Cxqg

French 1 Ecu - 130 USD https://imgur.com/a/DrKN7E0 (1 Hold)

1818 George III Crown (Rare Date) - 75 USD https://imgur.com/a/ZL0Cxqg

Asian

X2 Indian Rupees - 20 USD, (19 Each If Both Bought) https://imgur.com/a/qwbtrzt

X5 Thailand 1 Baht - 51 USD https://imgur.com/a/OdNygT9

X5 Straits Settlement Dollar -115 USD https://imgur.com/a/EnDiqNp (

Proof!

Feel free to request additional photos, was in a rush when these photos were taken.

UK:

Sterling Crowns: 8 in total, most are Victorian except 1 1820 and 1 1822.

60 USD each.

50% Crowns:

30 USD each except the damaged one on the right which cost 20 USD.

Australia:

1937 Crown is 25 USD. (damaged)

1938 Crown is 100 USD.

Japan:

7x Japanese silver 1 Yen (all have issues): 110 USD each.

Mexico:

8 reales (damaged): 60 USD each.

Miscellaneous:

Peru 1 sol (90%) x1: 30 USD each. (Cleaned)

Indo China 1908 1 Piastres: 40 USD. (CLeaned)

1956 Mexico 10 Pesos: 25 USD.

Soviet 1921 1 Rouble: 100 USD.

1889 double florin: 25 USD. (Damaged)

1873 5 Franc: 30 USD (cleaned).

1930 5 Pengo: 30 USD.

Maldives 1979 20 Rufiyaa: 25 USD.

1953 Southern Rhodesia Crown: 50 USD.

Payment options:

-Transferwise (Preferred)*

-PPFF (buyer will be charged by Paypal 5% up to $4.99)*

-PPGS + 4%.

-Interac e-Transfer (Canadians).

-Venmo (need to add 10 dollars on top of the amount for his TW fees)

NO COMMENTS IN PAYPAL, please.

Shipping Policy:

Shipping is a flat 15 USD with a tracked pack.

-Once I leave it with Canada Post and USPS, I have no responsibility for the package.

I'm wondering why the "revolution" didn't happen earlier in Spain. Spain was the first monarchy to actually go bankrupt as far as I know. What actually happened? It's not like the monarchy lost its palace to the mortgage company. What were the ramifications?

Spain went bankrupt 6 times or more, fought wars of Religion vs Islam and Protestantism,a squandered money on colonies , both in the Americas and Spanish Netherlands. Gunpowder was around, though not as advanced, so the people didn't have to be trained like a full fledged knight of earlier medieval times, so the weaponary was there.

France went bankrupt, and all of Europe goes to war? Why the difference? More so looking as to why Spain managed to "survive" whereas Frances started the Revolution.

Coat of arms of the Marquess of Vargas Llosa here https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquess_of_Vargas_Llosa.

Edit: one of the last titles. My mistake

Anyone else in a similar position? They keep changing the course and taking away progress. I’ve never done a course in any other language, and I have 1,000 crowns and still not finished (on section 7, which is my final section for now, though I think I saw there’s and 8th on some people’s accounts).

Proof: https://imgur.com/gallery/mZeSx3A

United States

Large Cents

United States 1 Cent "Liberty Head/Braided Hair Cent" 1848 [VG] - $15 USD

Three Cents

United States 3 Cents "Three Cent Nickel" 1866 [VG] - $19 USD

United States 3 Cents "Three Cent Nickel" 1867 [VG] - $19 USD

United States 3 Cents "Three Cent Nickel" 1868 [VG] - $19 USD

United States 3 Cents "Three Cent Nickel" 1881 [VG] - $29 USD

*80 For All**

Latin America

Bolivian

Bolivia 4 Reales - Charles III 1773JR [VF] - $75 USD

Chile

Chile 1 Real - Carlos IV (bust of Carlos IV) 1801So AI [] - $48 USD

Chile 1 Real - Carlos IV (bust of Carlos IV) 1802So JJ [] - $48 USD

Chile 1 Real - Fernando VII (bust of Carlos IV) 1816So FJ [XF] - $48 USD

Chile 2 Reales - Carlos III 1786So DA [] - $60 USD

Chile 2 Reales - Carlos IV (bust of Carlos IV) 1806So FJ [] - $60 USD

Colombia

Colombia 1 Real - Carlos IV 1801NR JJ [VF] - $100 USD

Guatemalan

Guatemala ¼ Real 1889 [AU] - $12.5 USD

Guatemala ¼ Real 1889 [VF] - $12.5 USD

Guatemala ¼ Real 1889 [XF] - $12.5 USD

Guatemala ¼ Real 1890 [AU] - $12.5 USD

Guatemala ¼ Real 1890 [XF] - $12.5 USD

Guatemala ¼ Real 1891 [VF] - $12.5 USD

Guatemala ½ Real 1900 [XF] - $12.5 USD

Guatemala ½ Real 1900 [XF] - $6 USD

Guatemala 4 Reales - Rafael Carrera 1860R [AU] - $200 USD

Guatemala 5 Centavos 1945 [] - $5 USD

Guatemala 25 Centavos 1943 [] - $31 USD

Guatemala ¼ Real - Fernando VII 1821G [UNC] - $200 USD

Nicaragua

Nicaragua 10 Centavos 1928 [MS63] - $140 USD

Mexico

Mexico 8 Reales - Fernando VII 1810Mo HJ [XF] - $85 USD

Mexico 1 Real - Carlos IV 1807TH [] - $20 USD

Mexico 1 Real - Carlos III 1781FF [G] - $30 USD

Mexico ½ Real - Felipe V 1738MF [] - $40 USD

Mexico ½ Real - Felipe V 1741MF [] - $45 USD

Mexico ½ Real - Felipe V 1742M [] - $45 USD

Mexico ½ Real - Fernando VI 1748Mo [] - $38 USD

Mexico ½ Real - Fernando VI 1751Mo [] - $38 USD

Mexico ½ Real - Fernando VI 1752Mo [] - $38 USD

~~Mexico ½ Real - Fernando VI 1755Mo [] - $38 U