So I've been reading about genetics among castes in India, and often you will see claims about a Brahmin caste having more genetic disimilarity from a lower caste population than between a European population and an Asian population (intra-genetic diversity is higher). But I wonder if that actually means anything substantial? Since they all look phenotypically similar to me, unlike phenotype difference of a European and an Asian.
Is this related to Lewontin's argument? Since it seems like it uses the logic; that genetic differences within populations is higher than between different populations.
Recently (in the last few years), the taxonomic status of the lion subspecies was reevaluated, with it being found that West African lions, Asiatic lions and the extinct (at least in the wild) Atlas lions to belong to the same subspecies. With there only being two lion subspecies significantly diverged from each other; the Northern lion ranging historically from north of the Congo into Southern Eurasia, and the Southern lion of Eastern and Southern Africa.
I remember hearing a while back that Iran had tried to acquire Asiatic lions from India but that this plan was rejected. Do you think the Iranian government should attempt to acquire lions from West Africa to reintroduce to Iran? And is the West African and Asiatic lion population combined genetically fit enough to form a rewilding stock capable of successfully remaining genetically stable in potential reintroduction sites across North Africa, Western Asia and South Asia (Southern Europe also had this lion subspecies, but lions in Europe is somewhat of a pipedream at this point outside of maybe parts of Eastern Europe)?
From my understanding of the Ra material, 3rd density started ~75,000 years ago. This is when something happened that moved us from 2nd to 3rd density. According to scientists the Youngest Toba eruption has been linked to a genetic bottleneck in human evolution about 75,000 ± 900 years BP years ago, which may have resulted in a severe reduction in the size of the total human population (3,000–10,000 surviving individuals) due to the effects of the eruption on the global climate.
Introduction:
Hello everyone. In this post, I want to provide an overview of BIOL 4390 based on my experience or perspective. Generally, I will talk about how the course was like and such. Please keep in mind not everything I say in this post will age well; the format of the course may change for all we know. Additionally, it may not be 100% accurate as your experience may be different than mine, so please keep that in mind. I will begin talking about the course and the instructor below.
The Course and the Instructor:
BIOL 4390 basically teaches about the evolutionary processes in a population (hence population genetics) and it involves mathematical calculations and statistics. The mathematical calculations are not really calculus stuff, so dw about that. As for the statistics, you are basically writing down calculations that can support or reject your hypothesis and tell you something about the evolutionary process in a certain population. It would be something you are familiar with in BIOL 2060 (which is a pre-requisite to BIOL 4390). I have taken this course with Dr. Amro Zayed in Fall 2021, and it was actually remote (online, not in-person). The course was not really heavy but it focuses on major assignments which I will talk about it later. The great thing about this course is that you can work with your colleagues on the assignments. I believe that it is not really hard as long as you work hard and work with your colleagues on the assignments. Frankly, it is not as tedious as BIOL 2060 imo. Also, when I took this course there were no midterms or exams. Only assignments and other activities. Much like other courses out there, you would need to attend lectures but they are actually mandatory, which I will explain why later. In general, the course contains some topics that you may be familiar with in BIOL 1001/BIOL 3200, like genetic drift, gene flow, inbreeding, and such but in the aspects of population genetics. You will also be taught about calculations (how to do them or how to apply them).
As for the instructor, I found Amro Zayed alright. He is rather enthusiastic and friendly. He is always willing to help if you have a question. His way of teaching is decent. Not bad, really. Though at times, his explanation may come across vague but you can always ask him during the lecture or discussion forum, which he would gladly help. And I think that is all I could say about him.
Course Components:
The course components are
... keep reading on reddit ➡I know this is a broad topic and I'm sure it varies by country, but on a different thread here somebody posted this paper:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5048219/
It seems to suggest that modern Europeans have ancestry from a wide variety of groups with the oldest hunter gatherer populations being most common in the Baltic area, the steppe ancestry being most common the far north, and early neolithic agriculturalists being most common in the southern Mediterranean.
So far so good, but then I found this more recent Guardian article that says that, in Britain specifically, the incoming peoples from the steppe who brought Indo-European languages resulted in 90% of the current ancestry for the historical population of the British Isles. This makes it sound like the previous inhabitants of Britain had such a marginal impact on the current genetic makeup of the island they might as well not exist.
I'm a bit confused by all of this and I might be reading the data wrong, but I'd appreciate if I could get some clarification, did Indo-Europeans just come in the last few thousand years and expel the previous inhabitants to such an extent that they made next to no impact on the genes of currently existing Europeans? Or was there more integration than this implies? One of the reasons I ask is because I've noticed some people use this to suggest that about 5000 years ago White people conquered Europe to exterminate and replace its native population. I hate to use such modern racialized language for something where I know that makes little but I'm just relaying the arguments I've heard other people make with this data.
