I'm interested in Cytidine for it's potential to reduce brain glutamate, obviously CDP Choline (cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine) contains Cytidine!
What I'm confused about is I read that CDP choline gets split after ingestion into choline and cytidine and then the cytidine gets converted to uridine:
Effect of oral CDP-choline on plasma choline and uridine levels in humans
(it's different in rats, they keep it as cytidine)
Once the uridine crosses the blood brain barrier it's converted back to cytidyltriphosphate for use in producing phosphatidylcholine.
So you may as well ingest a source of uridine, right?
TNA cytidine, a candidate precursor to RNA cytidine at the origin of life, is synthesized from prebiotic precursors via a high‐yielding, regio‐ and stereo‐selective, protecting‐group free synthesis utilizing an efficient photochemical anomerization. Phosphorylation also enables selective photodestruction of the contaminating erythro‐diastereomer enriching any potential pool of TNA monomers.
Abstract
The structure of life's first genetic polymer is a question of intense ongoing debate. The “RNA world theory” suggests RNA was life's first nucleic acid. However, ribonucleotides are complex chemical structures, and simpler nucleic acids, such as threose nucleic acid (TNA), can carry genetic information. In principle, nucleic acids like TNA could have played a vital role in the origins of life. The advent of any genetic polymer in life requires synthesis of its monomers. Here we demonstrate a high‐yielding, stereo‐, regio‐ and furanosyl‐selective prebiotic synthesis of threo‐cytidine 3, an essential component of TNA. Our synthesis uses key intermediates and reactions previously exploited in the prebiotic synthesis of the canonical pyrimidine ribonucleoside cytidine 1. Furthermore, we demonstrate that erythro‐specific 2′,3′‐cyclic phosphate synthesis provides a mechanism to photochemically select TNA cytidine. These results suggest that TNA may have coexisted with RNA during the emergence of life.
https://ift.tt/3w4Exdy
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13319
Erin E. Doherty, Xander E. Wilcox, Lenka van Sint Fiet, Cherie Kemmel, Janne J. Turunen, Bart Klein, Dean J. Tantillo, Andrew J. Fisher, and Peter A. Beal
https://ift.tt/3xEFw57
I did a bit of digging into my genetics via my 23AndMe results alongside the SelfDecode service, and here's what I discovered:
I have two UCK2 (Uridine-cytidine kinase 2) gene polymorphisms, which appear to only be present in 11% and 12% of the population respectively.
They are:
~ RS3790672 (C;C) ~ RS4657482 (A;A)
Apparently, the function of this gene is to phosphorylate uridine and cytidine to uridine monophosphate and cytidine monophosphate; hence my curiosity as to whether these polymorphisms might indicate whether I perhaps have lower natural levels of uridine monophosphate and could benefit as greatly from supplementation as many on /r/Nootropics have, either by itself or in conjunction with other factors as part of the "Mr. Happy Stack"?
Also: I realize there is another gene, UCK1 (Uridine-cytidine kinase 1) which could influence production of Uridine monophosphate, HOWEVER according to Wikipedia's page on UCK2: > Studies determining the Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters for these enzymes revealed that UCK2 had a four to six fold higher binding affinity, faster maximal rates, and greater efficiencies for uridine and cytidine substrates than did UCK1
So, it would seem UCK2 is the main factor in Uridine Monophosphate synthesis...?
Thanks in advance to all replies!
There is such drug called Nucleo C.M.P Forte (old name: Keltican N ) by Ferrer, Spain. It is used for peripheral nervous system disorders, such as lumbosciatalgia, diabetic or alcoholic polyneuropathy, or trigeminal neuralgia and states to help with axonal regeneration and remyelination. It contains Per capsule: Cytidine – 5’- disodium monophosphate (CMP disodium salt) 5 mg Uridine – 5’- trisodium triphosphate (UTP trisodium salt) Uridine – 5’- disodium diphosphate (UDP disodium salt) Uridine – 5’- disodium monophosphate (UMP disodium salt) On the whole 3 mg Eqv. to Uridine 1.33 mg
The question is how it differs from the combination of "our" CDP-choline+Uridine monophosphate? Are there any advantages that it has both di and triphosphate forms of uridine and cytidine monophosphate instead of diphosphate+choline? And why they use so low doses of uridine (3mg)? And what do you think about it?
Effect of the Nucleus CMP forte in 46 patients with progressive spastic paraparesis. Randomized and blind study. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9035511
Treatment of neuropathic pain syndrome. Results of an open study on the efficacy of a pyrimidine nucleotide preparation]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12613270
A Nucleotide-based Drug Protects Against Glutamate-and MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=5538#.VaHiUvmqqko
I don't want to step on anybody's toes here, but the amount of non-dad jokes here in this subreddit really annoys me. First of all, dad jokes CAN be NSFW, it clearly says so in the sub rules. Secondly, it doesn't automatically make it a dad joke if it's from a conversation between you and your child. Most importantly, the jokes that your CHILDREN tell YOU are not dad jokes. The point of a dad joke is that it's so cheesy only a dad who's trying to be funny would make such a joke. That's it. They are stupid plays on words, lame puns and so on. There has to be a clever pun or wordplay for it to be considered a dad joke.
Again, to all the fellow dads, I apologise if I'm sounding too harsh. But I just needed to get it off my chest.
Alot of great jokes get posted here! However just because you have a joke, doesn't mean it's a dad joke.
THIS IS NOT ABOUT NSFW, THIS IS ABOUT LONG JOKES, BLONDE JOKES, SEXUAL JOKES, KNOCK KNOCK JOKES, POLITICAL JOKES, ETC BEING POSTED IN A DAD JOKE SUB
Try telling these sexual jokes that get posted here, to your kid and see how your spouse likes it.. if that goes well, Try telling one of your friends kid about your sex life being like Coca cola, first it was normal, than light and now zero , and see if the parents are OK with you telling their kid the "dad joke"
I'm not even referencing the NSFW, I'm saying Dad jokes are corny, and sometimes painful, not sexual
So check out r/jokes for all types of jokes
r/unclejokes for dirty jokes
r/3amjokes for real weird and alot of OC
r/cleandadjokes If your really sick of seeing not dad jokes in r/dadjokes
Punchline !
Edit: this is not a post about NSFW , This is about jokes, knock knock jokes, blonde jokes, political jokes etc being posted in a dad joke sub
Edit 2: don't touch the thermostat
Do your worst!
How the hell am I suppose to know when it’s raining in Sweden?
Ants don’t even have the concept fathers, let alone a good dad joke. Keep r/ants out of my r/dadjokes.
But no, seriously. I understand rule 7 is great to have intelligent discussion, but sometimes it feels like 1 in 10 posts here is someone getting upset about the jokes on this sub. Let the mods deal with it, they regulate the sub.
They were cooked in Greece.
I'm surprised it hasn't decade.
Don't you know a good pun is its own reword?
Two muffins are in an oven, one muffin looks at the other and says "is it just me, or is it hot in here?"
Then the other muffin says "AHH, TALKING MUFFIN!!!"
For context I'm a Refuse Driver (Garbage man) & today I was on food waste. After I'd tipped I was checking the wagon for any defects when I spotted a lone pea balanced on the lifts.
I said "hey look, an escaPEA"
No one near me but it didn't half make me laugh for a good hour or so!
Edit: I can't believe how much this has blown up. Thank you everyone I've had a blast reading through the replies 😂
Now that I listen to albums, I hardly ever leave the house.
It really does, I swear!
TNA cytidine, a candidate precursor to RNA cytidine at the origin of life, is synthesized from prebiotic precursors via a high‐yielding, regio‐ and stereo‐selective, protecting‐group free synthesis utilizing an efficient photochemical anomerization. Phosphorylation also enables selective photodestruction of the contaminating erythro‐diastereomer enriching any potential pool of TNA monomers.
Abstract
The structure of life's first genetic polymer is a question of intense ongoing debate. The “RNA world theory” suggests RNA was life's first nucleic acid. However, ribonucleotides are complex chemical structures, and simpler nucleic acids, such as threose nucleic acid (TNA), can carry genetic information. In principle, nucleic acids like TNA could have played a vital role in the origins of life. The advent of any genetic polymer in life requires synthesis of its monomers. Here we demonstrate a high‐yielding, stereo‐, regio‐ and furanosyl‐selective prebiotic synthesis of threo‐cytidine 3, an essential component of TNA. Our synthesis uses key intermediates and reactions previously exploited in the prebiotic synthesis of the canonical pyrimidine ribonucleoside cytidine 1. Furthermore, we demonstrate that erythro‐specific 2′,3′‐cyclic phosphate synthesis provides a mechanism to photochemically select TNA cytidine. These results suggest that TNA may have coexisted with RNA during the emergence of life.
https://ift.tt/3w4Exdy
