First of all, a big thank you to anyone reading this and trying to help.
This is not a problem from a course or a textbook, just something I was thinking about.
I'm trying to figure out the relationship between two variables. Say I have the data for a 1000 cars that have crashed. Out of those, 51% of them are green, and 49% are red. Assume there is no other possible color. Someone is claiming that the car being green is what caused the crashes. Intuitively, this doesn't seem to be true to me. Furthermore, there are other, unstated and unquantified variables besides the cars' color.
So, what I'm looking for is: which is the proper way to evaluate the assertion that the car being green is the cause of the accident? Am I looking for a hypothesis test (the null hypothesis being that color has nothing to do with the crashes, the alternate hypothesis being that being green causes the car to crash)? Am I looking for the correlation between the two variables? Or am I looking for something else entirely?
Thank you for taking the time to read this. Please excuse me for being so vague. I took a college level Intro to Statistics course, but none of this was ever covered (hypothesis testing, correlation, etc...). Also, please excuse me for any mistakes in my writing, as I'm not a native speaker.
Like everyone else here I have noticed many people have a pretty easy time getting off Kratom but some have some pretty significant symptoms. Obviously time, dosage, physiology, etc all impact the severity of WD.
I have noticed a trend though that people that had previously WD from opiates seem to have more noticeable symptoms. This is totally anecdotal but does anyone else see this trend or better yet know of any research supporting this claim?
I know of the concept of kindling with benzos/alcohol and wonder if this could be the same mechanism?
We have repeatedly said that the value of most coins depends on the value of bitcoin. This factor is very important in the formation of the portfolio, and we will discuss this in more detail.
To do this, we introduce a term such as βcorrelationβ. Correlation is a market situation in which one asset repeats the movement of another asset. The dominant position now is Bitcoin. Coins such as Ethereum, Litecoin, Ripple and others are subject to fluctuations when the value of βdigital goldβ changes.
The range of correlation changes is from -1 to +1. Three scenarios are possible:
The correlation coefficient is +1. The movement of two coins occurs absolutely synchronously, that is, a change in one of them in price, due to some external factor (for example, a sharp drain of assets from large holders, hacking of the exchange or sanctions on an asset by a large state), leads to an inevitable change in the price of the second.
The correlation coefficient is 0. Assets move relative to each other independently, that is, a change in the price of one of them doesnβt affect the other coin.
The correlation coefficient is -1. The movement of assets is carried out in opposite directions, that is, an increase in the price of one of them leads to a decrease in the other (in the same percentage).
Here we need to give a more vital example for you. With the growth of income, the value of real estate becomes higher due to greatly increased demand. This is an example of a positive correlation. With wasted time, your academic performance is low. The more time is spent, the lower the performance. Here we already see a negative correlation.
Correlation of cryptocurrencies among themselves on a 3-month period
You can see the degree of correlation of sixteen digital currencies with the highest market capitalization. The period in question is 3 months. However, the value of the correlation coefficient decreases, for example, the correlation matrix for 1 year shows a decrease in the average value by 0.2.
Itβs easy to see that almost all the coins are positively correlated. This tells us that external factors somehow affect the value of each asset. Somewhere β to a greater
... keep reading on reddit β‘
I'm entirely self taught in music theory, so the little I know, I never had anyone to ask why it is the way it is. So I learnt intervals and just managed them in "semitones" because it was the "distance" indicated by a fret (I can play a bit of guitar) and keyboard (I can't).
The problem is that using that method a lot of stuff doesn't make sense. I don't understand why sometimes notes are labelled b (I understand it's the opposite of a sharp, but I think I've sometimes seen E being labelled Fb which makes no sense). I also build up chords on the keyboard by counting semitones and then adding keys to the chord, which precludes playing fluently, as I can't seem to find my way around just nailing a chord with my fingers (always have to pause and think "wait, so the root is A#, let me count four semitones to find the major third"). With guitar it's not so bad but still, not good enough.
How can I learn to overcome this? Do I need to deprogram? Any courses or whatever?
Edit: so many good responses. Thanks a lot for the help, people!
I'm only 5'7'', so if there is a correlation, I guess I'm an exception to the rule. Even though I've also heard people say that it's usually the short guys who are "well-endowed", but that's probably no more true than saying the same for tall guys.
Seeing or coming up with creative problem solving strategies, thinking of many potential interconnected cause and effects, thinking of concepts and ideas mathematically or in terms of patterns?
What's your experience with this? I want to know your direct personal opinion and experience, and a "why" would be helpful too. Thank you so much!
So going on 6 months of Hydro's, started at 10mg/day, went to 15/20 went back to 10. I've noticed that taking 20 again normals me out. It's obvious my body needs them. These are legit scripts for joint pain. How far am I in this problem? TIA.
Solbærsirup and apelsinsaft are just too damn dense, so you have a layer of plain water and beneath that a thick reservoir of strong euch. I need some fruit and barley man, I needs it bad.
What do you think about this recent study? Researchers from Finland and Canada argue that there is no running style that predicts an injury.
"The data were collected from 291 runners, both healthy runners and those with common injuries in the knee, foot and ankle, and hip. Researchers chose equal numbers of men and women, and competitive and recreational runners, because these are groups who typically run a little differently from one another. No labels were applied to any of the participants and an βunsupervisedβ approach was taken to analyze data using an artificial intelligence method called hierarchical cluster analysis."
I think if this is true, it would make running for many people less stressful. People seem to worry about their running style quite a lot.
Links:
https://www.ucalgary.ca/news/researchers-discover-theres-no-best-way-run
βShorter: what kind of relationship between the EU and Russia do you think Macron is imagining?
From reading the comments, I've got the feeling that few people know what it's like to be in a codependent relationship with a mentally ill person you really care about. I think this is a major part of Christian's character that is supposed to be shown but also obscured as the viewer is drawn into Dani's perspective. I do think Christian is an asshole, but I also think that is fatal flaw was that he was a caring asshole who couldn't see that he was in a codependent relationship he wasn't prepared for.
People in several threads seem to think Christian's conversation with Dani about her sister at the beginning is evidence of emotional abuse (many in particular call it gaslighting) because he suggests that it's possible that Dani's sister is trying to get a rise out of her because Dani often lets her. It's important to not be outcome-oriented in the interpretation of this conversation. It is made clear Dani has a problem with anxiety (they show her take an anxiety medication), and it's relatively common for people suffering from anxiety to over-interpret and doom-loop. It is possible that he is familiar with this type of response to Dani's sister's behavior and is trying to de-escalate a panic attack. If you've been in a codependent relationship with someone with anxiety you're familiar with this routine. The fact that her sister chose to actually enact the worst case scenario is a plot device and irrelevant to the legitimacy of his response or advice. The scene is structured in such a way that the audience is supposed to feel that this time is different, but Christian doesn't get the audience's experience of Dani's perspective or the scene of the phone ringing. Instead, he's on the other side of a telephone, and he's already specified that he smoked marijuana. Like many in codependent relationships, he's already chosen to remove himself from his own situation and place himself in hers, even though he is not in the mental state to deal with it. The fact that he tried and failed in this case only explains his own guilt later on, it is not evidence of his negligence.
This scene leads to Christian's conversation with his friends. Codependent relationships strain friendships and are often the subject of unwarranted opinions. Christian is shown as clearly torn between his feelings for Dani and the large burden that comes with the relationship. He is mentally preparing to end the relationship, which is a healthy choice, but is second guessing it (an understan
... keep reading on reddit β‘
I've been taking kratom daily for about a year and a half now. It started off with fairly low doses (5-8 grams a day). But for a while its been heightened to 40-60+ a day. My whole life I've struggled with emotional issues like anxiety and depression. However, ever since I became dependent on kratom, I feel like I've lost all control over my emotions and can't feel joy at all. I feel badly anxious, empty, or depressed whenever I don't have kratom. Its such bad misery that makes my body feel exhausted and I just don't feel like doing anything, but I don't want to NOT be doing anything either. I'm always feeling so uncomfortable and unhappy. Has anyone had a similar experience and can give me some advice or input about my situation? I really want to kick this shit and start feeling alive. I really hope I'm able to actually be happy without kratom one day.
People that revolve their life around weed, and even those who smoke it every day have a terrible mindset. If you feel like you need to smoke, you likely have a dependence to weed.
Stoner culture is also very cringey, imagine if someone revolved their life around alcohol or tobacco. It would be cringey as well and I don't think anyone would question that the person doing it is dependent or addicted to either.
Edit: I'm pro legalization btw
Ripping off of a post by u/eaglesnation11. Similar to what he said in his post, I have no professional background in statistics, but do have a general background from a few high school and college classes. Additionally, I have a lot of spare time on my hands. Anyways, as some of you may know, Baker Mayfield allegedly has an affinity for getting sloppy top behind the Cheesecake Factory. Without any evidence saying one way or another if the rumors are true, the memes must go on. In this post, I have calculated the correlation between Baker Mayfields Passer Rating and the Cheesecake Factories per capita in the state that he played in for that week. Hopefully the hard data can give us a clue if Baker Mayfield's alleged Cheesecake Factory habits affect his performances in games. The number of Cheesecake Factory restaurants per state was pulled from https://www.thecheesecakefactory.com/locations/ and the population estimates were pulled from www.census.gov/quickfacts.
Figure 1
| Week | Location/ State | Passer Rating | Cheesecake Factories per Capita |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ohio | 64.0 | 5.9883 |
| 2 | New Jersey | 83.6 | 1.1208 |
| 3 | Ohio | 64.0 | 5.9883 |
| 4 | Maryland | 102.4 | 9.8634 |
| 5 | California | 13.4 | 9.7653 |
| 6 | Ohio | 54.9 | 5.9883 |
| 7 | Bye | NA | NA |
| 8 | Massachusetts | 79.2 | 1.0156 |
| 9 | Colorado | 90.7 | 5.2095 |
| 10 | Ohio | 102.7 | 5.9883 |
| 11 | Oho | 92.3 | 5.9883 |
| 12 | Ohio | 118.1 | 5.9883 |
| 13 | Pennsylvania | 71.9 | 3.9056 |
| 14 | Ohio | 38.9 | 5.9883 |
| 15 | Arizona | 90.0 | 8.2432 |
| 16 | Ohio | 84.4 | 5.9883 |
| 17 | Ohio | 79.6 | 5.9883 |
This data gave us a correlation coefficient of -0.08159, which basically says there was very little to no correlation at all. This doesn't tell us anything about if the rumors are true, but it does tell us that even if the rumors are true, his performance isn't affected by it. One data point did stand out to me though. In week 5 at San Francisco, Baker threw for a passer rating of 13.0. California also had by far the most total Cheesecake Factories at 39. However, this data point may have just been an outlier, because despite the high total of Cheesecake Factories, California does not have the highest per capita. More research is needed, and I hope if anyone else is as bored as me, they continue these type of posts with other players.
