We have symmetries that explain various conservation laws, thanks to Noether’s theorem. This has given us the gauge forces. But there are other conservations related to particle number, such as lepton number conservation. Are these conservation laws based on a symmetry? What is that symmetry?

The reason I ask is because there is an answer online that states this decay is allowed.

Suppose we make a black hole entirely of hydrogen atoms. These contains protons, with baryon number +1 and electrons with lepton number +1. But if we wait until the black hole has radiated away, the radiation will be almost entirely in the form of photons. Does this mean that black holes violate conservation of baryon and lepton number?

My question is as the title says. Here's a little more context, I'm currently working on a problem where I've generated p p > z then z > e+ e- and p p > z then z > mu+ mu- events in madgraph and I'm now analysing the delphes output using ROOT. I want to write a program that takes an event, looks at all the electrons and muons and tries to figure out which are the most likely daughters of the z boson. The programming is fine, but my question is this: can I only consider e+e- and mu+mu- pairs as the daughters, or can I also consider e+e-/mu+mu-?

The z decay process in my head would be along the lines of z > e+ mu- v_e anti-v_mu. (Where v_q is the neutrino of the flavour q). Is this decay allowed?

Thanks

Charge, Baryon Number, Lepton Number, and Strangeness.

I know what Charge is, that one is simple. And I know what particles have what values for the others (Leptons all having a Lepton number of 1, Quarks having Baryon numbers of 1/3, antiparticles having negative values, etc). And I know how to see if a reaction between particles is possible by looking at them. But I don’t understand what they actually mean.

Thank you. :)

I know there are models of black holes that conserve angular momentum and charge, but do black holes also remember, say, that they have only been built out of matter electrons rather than positrons? Ordinarily in particle physics the lepton number would be conserved.

If it is conserved, would this have an impact on Hawking radiation? Before evaporating completely, the black hole would have to spit out a number of leptons (neutrinos would be easiest, I suppose) equal to the number that it originally ate.

Recap of Part 1

FVC means "field-vectored craft," i.e., UFO(s).

We learned in Part 1:

• While landed on the ground, even smaller FVC are massive, i.e., have considerable mass around 30 tons (27,000 kgs).
• FVC are about as dense as a submarine and several times denser than aircraft, having around 96 percent the density of water.
• FVC are hard, solid, physical objects similar to metal.
• We have observed FVC at velocities of 5,000 to 9,000 mph (8,000 to 14,500 kph), with straight line and angular accelerations in the region of 100 times the acceleration of gravity. Although the accelerations are large for the size of the craft, human technology from the 1950s packaged electronics into smaller projectiles capable of withstanding 7,000 to 9,000 gs.
• The reason some craft appear as orbs of different colors is because the craft's propulsion system creates ionized and excited air molecules, namely a "plasma." Larger craft that use the most energy have a blue or ultraviolet plasma, while smaller craft that use less energy appear as red, orange, yellow, or green. The luminosity of a craft will increase as it puts out more power for high acceleration maneouvers. The plasma surrounding a craft often obscures an observer's ability to see the craft itself behind the plasma.
• The observed accelerations and velocities can be achieved with a high thrust-to-mass ratio. There is no need to presume FVC use exotic technology to reduce the mass of the craft while in flight. In general, all of the observables can be explained by established physics without resorting to speculative hypotheses. Finally, acceleration is not instantaneous but rather takes a non-zero amount of time, although the craft's swiftness may appear instantaneous to the naked eye.

Section IV: Radiation from FVC in the X-ray or Gamma Range

Date: January 30, 1973

Location: Lexington, Alabama

Witnesses: Bill Rogers, APRO Field investigator, and two other unnamed individuals.

Description: Rogers went to Lexington to investigate reports of FVC in the area, which began a month prior on December 27, 1972. Rogers, along with two other members of the investigation team, observed a yellowish-orange-white light moving slowly above tree-top level.

>After about a minute, the object moved up about 40 feet, and they could see that it had a shape between a sphere and an egg (ellipsoidal). It then descended

Do your worst!

It really does, I swear!

For context I'm a Refuse Driver (Garbage man) & today I was on food waste. After I'd tipped I was checking the wagon for any defects when I spotted a lone pea balanced on the lifts.

I said "hey look, an escaPEA"

No one near me but it didn't half make me laugh for a good hour or so!

Edit: I can't believe how much this has blown up. Thank you everyone I've had a blast reading through the replies 😂

I've been staking on Klever for the last while without any issues in the TauLepton validator. The last few days, it seems my account has not received staking rewards even though I hold enough Reef to be part of the top 64 according to the numbers on the reefscan website - however, my wallet is still part of the excluded list. Why is this? I hold about 260k reef, and it says the threshold is about 176k.

Thanks in advance for your help!

They’re on standbi

Pilot on me!!

Buenosdillas

https://preview.redd.it/4ouuljqyf6481.png?width=1534&format=png&auto=webp&s=1ccef07c9d2267c84c92fbd301155ffe0ae32987

The mark scheme for this question is saying that the lepton number for the hydrogen atom is 0. How is it not 2? The nucleon number (the top) is 2 and the electron number is equal to that?

Dad jokes are supposed to be jokes you can tell a kid and they will understand it and find it funny.

This sub is mostly just NSFW puns now.

If it needs a NSFW tag it's not a dad joke. There should just be a NSFW puns subreddit for that.

Edit* I'm not replying any longer and turning off notifications but to all those that say "no one cares", there sure are a lot of you arguing about it. Maybe I'm wrong but you people don't need to be rude about it. If you really don't care, don't comment.

When I got home, they were still there.

What did 0 say to 8 ?

" Nice Belt "

So What did 3 say to 8 ?

" Hey, you two stop making out "

I won't be doing that today!

You take away their little brooms

This morning, my 4 year old daughter.

Daughter: I'm hungry

Me: nerves building, smile widening

Me: Hi hungry, I'm dad.

She had no idea what was going on but I finally did it.

Thank you all for listening.

There hasn't been a post all year!

It’s pronounced “Noel.”

What are the lepton numbers of the leptons and their neutrinos?