I've had teachers say that it's the complementary sequence to the antisense (template) strand, so it's quite similar to the mRNA produced from the antisense strand, if you switch the Ts for Us.
Most of them say the sense strand doesn't get transcribed, so my question is, what does the cell do with all that DNA exactly? I've read some places that sense transcription can happen which I guess is basically the cell reading the sense strand as if it's antisense?
Sorry for rambling, but I can't seem to find clear answers on this.
Hello! I know that we can't really distinguish between different alleles, but considering a single chromosome, how can we actually differentiate between the two strands from a single chromosome?
Assuming we are sequencing a new genome and have no ability to use primers that would bind one strand or the other.
If we fragment the DNA, do sanger/capillary sequencing which will generate dsDNA fragments of all possible lengths, how could we possibly distinguish between the two strands? We would just get a double signal at each size on the gel/coming through the capillary.
Thanks for any help in advance, this has been killing me...
so I've been confusing myself with these definitions for identifying the strands of DNA and which term is complementary to the RNA strand vs which has the same sequence as RNA (except no Uracil) so can anyone summarize? from what i understand coding = sense strand but leading and lagging can be either since that's a different paradigm that has to do with replication?
Please read this question first so you'll understand my question.
An investigator is studying bacterial virulence factors. FUR protein binds tightly to DNA a short distance from the 5’ end of the genes for these virulence factors. The concentrations of the virulence factors of the bacteria are observed under low-iron and high-iron conditions. Results show that the efficacy of Fur binding increases as the concentration of iron in the culture media increases. Based on these findings, Fur most likely regulates which of the following processes in these bacteria?
a. Methylation
b. Post-transcriptional modification
c. Splicing
d. Transcription
e. Translation
The answer is D. My big question is why is it binding to the 5' end? In my understanding (please correct me if I'm wrong), by convention, the coding strand of DNA is 5' to 3' but DNA is actually read from 3' to 5' so that RNA can be transcribed in the 5' to 3' direction. So then, wouldn't the actual transcription factor be binding to the 3' end, not the 5' end as it says in the question?
Please someone help clear my confusion.
So let's say we have a strand of DNA, which is going to be replicated. Helicase begins to unwind one side of the DNA. You won't see both ends being unwound.
I assume this means that replication will always start on one particular end of a DNA strand. Which I suspect means that the leading strand will always be complementary to one particular strand of DNA every time (which will be either the coding or the template strand).
I can't find any source for this at all. Is the leading strand always complementary to the coding strand, or is the leading strand always complementary to the template strand?
(Edit for simplification: My question boils down to this... In human mtDNA replication the first step is to create a new, growing, heavy (H) strand. Separately, transcription of the H strand produces a long mRNA that, if following the usual naming conventions, should be the same sequence as that on the H strand (except uracil). Both of these two processes should thus be using the L strand as a template, and both have a requirement to produce a new sequence that is identical to the 'mother' H strand sequence. Yet, all MT organization diagrams show H strand gene transcription and H strand replication proceeding in different directions. How is this possible given that all polymerases work by adding bases to a 3' end?)
Warning, this gets nitpicky and may just be about semantics...
I'm trying to understand the terminology used to describe the strand (heavy or light) that a particular gene is located on in the human mitochondria. I've read (in a couple of textbooks) that the heavy strand encodes 28 genes while the light strand encodes the remaining 9.
My understanding has always been (at least for nuclear genes) that the 'coding strand' is the DNA strand that is identical (except uracil) to the synthesized mRNA molecule, and that the 'template strand' is what RNA polymerase actually uses as a template to produce the mRNA.
If I assume this is true for MTs then I run into what I think is a contradiction. DNA replication of MTs begins using the L strand as a template, synthesizing a new H strand. I've read this is all done as a 'leading' strand and so the new H strand is produced in an overall 5' to 3' direction. Now, in my mind this is the same direction that transcripts from genes 'encoded by the H strand' should also be being synthesized. IE, genes that are encoded by the H strand should be transcribed by a polymerase which is using the L strand as a template, producing mRNA that is the same sequence as that on the H strand.
What I can't get my head around is that DNA replication that forms a new H strand moves in one direction around the circular genome, while transcript production of genes encoded by the H strand move in the opposite direction.
So, I guess my question boils down to this: if a gene is 'located on the H strand' will the respective mRNA have the same sequence as that on the H strand? If the answer is yes, what am I missing?
Thanks for any and all help, and hopefully this makes some sort of sense.
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I'm working on a game with ropes in it and I'm kinda blown away by how good the ropes look in death stranding. Sure they glitch into terrain now and then, but they attach to the hand and let sam move away, only giving out more rope once he moves far enough away. There's also very little buggy rope flying around (ala skyrim ragdoll physics) which seems very impressive too.
Here is a clip for reference: https://youtu.be/N3tPvomIY-A
So I'm getting confused between template and coding strand in DNA. Please correct me if I'm wrong but the coding strand is the SENSE strand and is complementary to the mRNA strand?
So for example:
5' - AGCTAATC - 3' (template strand) 3' - TCGATTAG - 5' (coding strand)
So would this be transcribed to: 5' - AGCUAAUC - 3' ?
Thanks!
So let's say we have a strand of DNA, which is going to be replicated. Helicase begins to unwind one side of the DNA. You won't see both ends being unwound.
I assume this means that replication will always start on one particular end of a DNA strand. Which I suspect means that the leading strand will always be complementary to one particular strand of DNA every time (which will be either the coding or the template strand).
I can't find any source for this at all. Is the leading strand always complementary to the coding strand, or is the leading strand always complementary to the template strand?
