Fungal compounds have long been used for centuries as food supplements. Ξ²-glucans have been identified as the most interesting molecules with beneficial effects in several chronic diseases.
In vitro studies have shown that they are able to elicit the immune cells maturation and activation with the result of an increased release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and a stimulation of anti-bacterial activity of macrophages and neutrophils.
As Ξ²-glucans enhance pathogen elimination through non-self antigens identification, they can also direct immune response against tumor cells. These compounds also stimulate the activity on adaptive immune cells and they have been regarded as biological response modifiers. In this way, Ξ²-glucans can be exploited as adjuvant cancer therapy, in particular by a synergic action with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. In the immuno-oncology era, the need is to identify innovative drugs that can simultaneously target and inhibit different biological processes relevant for cancer cells survivors.
Recent clinical studies showed promising results about the combination of Ξ²-glucans and immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients affected by different solid tumors.
This review aims to investigate molecular mechanisms of action of Ξ²-glucans and is focused on their application in clinical practice as immune-adjuvants for treatment of cancer patients.
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- https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/A100236/100236.pdf
Coriolus versicolor (C. versicolor) is a higher fungi or mushroom which is now known by its accepted scientific names as Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd.
Many studies have shown that Ξ²-glucans from C. versicolor have various physiological activities, including activating macrophages to protect against Salmonella infection. However, whether Ξ²-glucans have antiviral effects has not been reported. Hence, the objective of this study was to confirm whether Ξ²-glucans could boost the immune response to combat influenza virus in mouse and chick models.
The results show that Ξ²-glucans induced the expression of Dectin-1, costimulatory molecules (CD80/86) and cytokines IL-6, IL-1Ξ², IFN-Ξ² and IL-10 in murine bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs). In addition, orally administered Ξ²-glucans reduced weight loss, mortality and viral titers in the lungs of mice infected with influenza virus and attenuated pathological lung damage caused by the virus in the mice.
Orally administered Ξ²-glucans improved survival and reduced lung viral titers in chickens infected with H9N2 avian influenza virus.
These results suggest that Ξ²-glucans have a significant antiviral effect. Therefore, Ξ²-glucans could become a potential immunomodulator against influenza virus.
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Hello folks,
This is my first post on this sub, as i am planning on shifting to no till growing, from small airpots and the use of bottled nutritions (always some problems, and i'm interested to build a lasting ecosystem instead of the continuous soil waste). I have a 2x4 tent, and i plan to start experimenting with my own soil (peat, green compost + worm compost, rice hulls) in one or two 20 gallon fabric pots for starters, and see how it goes.
A receipt i found from buildasoil - site contains the following amendments:
Karanja cake Kelp meal Crustacean meal
Basalt Gypsum Oyster shell flour
The problem is, where i am at in Scandinavia the Crustacean meal is sold nowhere (and a couple of seafood restaurants have not answered to my inquiries), and it would be helluva expensive to aquire the shells from munching frozen lobsters etc. For what i have understood, the crustacean meal is there mainly for the chitin as well as some NPK, so i was wondering could i substitute it for example with dried button mushroom (fairly cheap, easy to access), as its cell walls are made from chitin (3-9% chitin per dry weight) . The use of insect shells or frass is out of the question here too. Has anyone succesfully done this? Would i be missing something else with this substitution?
Karanja cake /neem seed meal is another tough one in europe. I know it is used for IPM, but could the nutritional value be replaced with some other seed meal, or malted barley?
Basalt is unattainable also, but i have dug some fine silt from a fallow hoping it will do for the slow mineral content, and i have started accumulate some pulverized egg shells in order to replace the oyster shell flour.
Gypsum and kelp meal are the only easy ones here.
Is there something i should know if i proceed with the receipt with these changes to amendents? I am truly thankful is anyone could chime in with comments!
Couldn't you just add these supplements/dried mushrooms to hot water to break down the chitin enough to reap the nutritional benefits? I understand terpenes would still be locked in the mushroooms, but beta-glucan and many of the other compounds are water soluble.
I canβt find it
Maitake D (MD)-Fraction is a highly purified soluble Ξ²-glucan derived from Grifola frondosa (an oriental edible mushroom). Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of MD-Fraction has been reported to inhibit tumor growth via enhancement of the host immune system.
In this study, we demonstrated that oral administration of MD-Fraction as well as i.p. injection significantly inhibited tumor growth in murine tumor models. After oral administration, MD-Fraction was not transferred to the blood in its free form but was captured by antigen-presenting cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) present in the Peyer's patch. The captured MD-Fraction was then transported to the spleen, thereby inducing the systemic immune response.
Our study showed that MD-Fraction directly induced DC maturation via a C-type lectin receptor dectin-1 pathway. The therapeutic response of orally administered MD-Fraction was associated with (i) induced systemic tumor-antigen specific T cell response via dectin-1-dependent activation of DCs, (ii) increased infiltration of the activated T cells into the tumor and (iii) decreased number of tumor-caused immunosuppressive cells such as regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
Our preclinical study suggests that MD-Fraction is a useful oral therapeutic agent in the management of patients with cancer.
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I'm curious of the long term effects on a gaurdian if they were to say make armor fashioned out of hive chitin they had killed? Could they "purify" the chitin by imbuing it with light?
Hey guys so I'm on the island. I need lots of cementing paste just like everyone else. I've tried farming chitin on death island but that's very slow. I've tried farming the artifact of the clever cave but they just don't spawn back very quick. Does anyone have any reliable source other than beaver dams?
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Hi,
will consuming cordyceps with a meal minimize beta-glucans absorption? At the same time without reducing the absorption of cordycepin, adenosine, etc.?
My skin went dry, itchy and red.
I experienced the same after using LM water extract fruitbody.
Mycelium alcohol extract does not cause this.
