I had always assumed there was some documented Cushitic languages spoken in the Kingdom of Kush but going through the wikipedia page on the kingdom and looking around the internet a bit I can't find a name of a documented cushitic language from the kingdom of Kush. Meroitic doesn't seem to have enough evidence to make any convincing classification within known language families. And the Nubian languages seem firmly within the East Sudanic language family.
So what happened here? Did the name in the bible come from the historically attested kingdom and get assigned to a group of languages?
Also, either much is not publicly accessible or much is not known about proto-Cushitic. I can't seem to find anywhere that states what the first attested Cushitic language is. And I know this might be going too far for a linguistics subreddit but does anyone here happen to know some solid linguistic-genetic-archeological connections between pastoral expansions in Africa and the Cushitic languages? It seems all the Cushitic groups are pastoralists.
Lastly, if any of the above has already been asked here please point me to the posts.
Thank you!
https://discord.gg/g9DXtaQYt5
I’m trying to create a family tree using this naming scheme:
personal name + father’s personal name + paternal grandfather’s personal name
I want my tree to display persons using personal name + father’s personal name. Then the children would branch off and be displayed using personal name + father’s personal name and so on. So far I’ve seen some suggest putting the fathers name along with the personal name in the given name tab, then putting paternal grandfather’s personal name in the surname tab.
Any tips on this?
This document gives an example of my desired naming scheme (page 8):
https://www.fbiic.gov/public/2008/nov/Naming_practice_guide_UK_2006.pdf#page8
Can Somalis, Oromos and Afars understand each other to some extent, if at all?
Ancient Kush and by extension most other Horn African empires often get overlooked or solely attributed to Ethiopia. I personally think this is due to lack of interest since no one talks about the place save for the modern (and tragic) events of the area. So I wanted to test my preconception by posting this here poll. It’s categorized by interest and familiarity.
The horn of africa has always seemed like a mesmerizing place to me and it has such a rich history. The Cushitic Peoples are indigenous to this land and I would like to know the ties between somalis and the others like oromos, afars, bejas etc.
Can you guys understand each other? How similar are the languages. Is there tension or do you guys see each other as brothers?
[M] Okay, so I've been very very very busy as of late, so this isn't going to be the best post, sorry.
It was time. We have waited far too long. Waiting and waiting. Generation and generation pass whilst we stay stagnant, getting little trinkets for our role, but little more. It was the people of T'on K'osh who made connected the prosperous with their equals, while we are left with nothing but meagre satisfaction at our role in the greater whole. But that shall be no more. No longer shall we have to wait for our due. It is time to collect.
With that, we move. To the left of the great sea, we head, to lands we have till now only seen through their goods and spread practices. We knew of a great river, one which, we've heard hosts boundless people, with enough food to feed our tribes ten times over. But the myth was greater than reality, truly. Upon arriving to this near-mythical land of plenty, it was most definitely true, but there was no place for us there. We arrived to share in their harvest, but they treated us as thieves, refusing to share their plenty. Some of our people took anyways, but that was a grave mistake. We were driven into the desert with a trail of blood following behind. They would hide behind great walls of stone, raining down upon us arrows as if we were the largest herd known to man.
We were wounded, but not mortally. We'd travelled so far, we had no choice but to march on, away from the river of plenty into an inhospitable desert. There, more and more of our people died, but we kept on. Eventually, we make it to a land not unlike that which we had left. But it was even more beautiful. There were olive trees, and a coast of a sea even greater than those of our homeland. It was here, where we would stay.
As the title suggests.
https://kwekudee-tripdownmemorylane.blogspot.com/2013/07/rendille-people-africas-holders-of.html?m=1
#Permission for access
>Currently, the Canadian company, "Nubian Gold Corp" was the first and only international company to conduct gold exploration activity in Somalia, having three permits for Arapsyo, Abdul Qadir and Qahar regions. Having its first results in hard gold anomalies has provided optimism in opportunity to continue its exploration permits. The Canadian company, which should, as of consequence to sanction initiated by Canada. Would mean, that, that company should no longer, be allowed or permitted to continue its exploration activities. Consequently, Ethiopia would be requesting Somalia, if willing, to allow our company, to replace the Canadian company that was there, with ours. This would result in a joint venture in supplying FRC minerals and other substances for Chinese markets. We believe, that considering Somalia's relationship with China' would mean you have a direct marketplace to sell your goods as well as other places, if they' so wish to trade with Somalia.
I only know a few and will like to know how many exactly . I heard from someone like about 78 but idk how precise that is ...
For your reading pleasure, did the Beja Cushitic language influence Arabic sentence structure and grammar? This author argues the opposite, but my point can still be made by analyzing the evidence they presented.
> A large part of the morphology of Beja, the sole language of the Northern branch of Cushitic (Afroasiatic), belongs to the root and pattern system. This system is typologically similar to the Semitic one (particularly robust in Arabic) and is also found to a lesser extent in two neighboring Cushitic languages, Afar and Saho, but not in any other Cushitic language. This paper reviews the different patterns of the Beja morphological system, and compares them with the systems of its main Semitic contact language (Arabic) and with other Cushitic languages (Afar and Saho). No clear case of borrowing, copying, or replication from dominant and prestigious Arabic could be found, but sociolinguistic and linguistic data favors an interpretation in terms of a convergence phenomenon. The paper argues that contact with Arabic was a strong factor for the preservation of a cross linguistically uncommon system in a large part of the Beja morphology. It also argues that intensive language contact between genetically related languages may help to preserve a morphological system which otherwise would have disappeared as is the case in most other Cushitic lang
Link below is the academic paper in .pdf format in English.
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00651067/document
Come join Af Kush ! A community based on the Cushitic language family, their similarities and their differences, let us learn and share our mother tongues. I invite you all to join and discuss the Cushitic Language family.
If wikipedia can be trusted on this, Arabs used to refer to the lowlands in the horn of Africa as Bilad Al-Barbar which means land of berbers(I think). The legacy can even be found in the northern coast where one of the cities is named Berbera. Also Barbaroi is recorded in the 1st century Greek document "the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea" as situating south of Ethiopia along the red sea.
I don't think this is based on nothing seeing as how Modern somalis, Afars and East Oromos have similar dna to North african.
http://www.thegeneticatlas.com/E1b1b_Y-DNA.htm
Are there any sources that show a connection to the Amazihs and Cushitic groups? Was there a migration?
Herotodus mentions a nation of pastoral herders who challenged Cambyses and whom he described as youthful and living to very venerable age and of great stature. The area he describes them as living is very confusing as well and I find it hard to pin point a general area of sub-Saharan Africa which he seemingly describes.
Someone recently asked, on ANE-2, if there were any studies done on loans from Cushitic into Semitic. Peter T. Daniels made a helpful response - here are the studies he mentioned:
David Appleyard, "Semitic-Cushitic/Omotic Relations," in Semitic Languages: An International Handbook (ed. Stefan Weninger; Berlin: Walter de Gruyter 2011) - as well as his "Cushitic," in Semitic and Afroasiatic: Challenges and Opportunities (ed. Lutz Edzard; Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag 2012)
Further, he mentioned Gene Gragg's article in Burkhart Kienast's Historische Semitische Sprachwissenschaft (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2001), "Cushitic Languages: Some Comparative/Constrastive Data." To this I'll only add Gragg's "'Also in Cushitic': How to Account for the Complexity of Ge'ez-Cushitic Lexical Interactions?" from Semitic Studies: In honor of Wolf Leslau (Vol. 1) (ed. Alan Kaye; Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz 2001).
You might also find some stuff in "Contact-induced language change in selected Ethiopian Semitic Languages" by Girma A. Demeke and Ronny Meyer (Language Contact and Language Change in Ethiopia (Topics in Interdisciplinary African Studies vol. 14)).
I was reading African Archaeology by D.W. Phillipson, and in a section on early farming he wrote:
> Study of modern linguistic distributions and loanwords indicates that much of highland southern Kenya and northern Tanzania now settled by Nilotic- and Bantu- speakers was formerly occupied by people who spoke languages that may be classified as Southern Cushitic (Ehret 1974)
After some preliminary googling about this topic, I repeatedly find references citing Ehret's work from the 1970s and 1980s.
Has there been any recent work done on this topic within the last 10-15 years?
Ancient Kush and by extension most other Horn African empires often get overlooked or solely attributed to Ethiopia. I personally think this is due to lack of interest since no one talks about the place save for the modern (and tragic) events of the area. What is your takes on this since as a person from the area I often see that no one not even historians really look into it?
I’m trying to create a family tree using this naming scheme:
Scheme 1: Add person using personal name + father’s personal name.
Then the family tree would show everyone’s personal name. Then individuals would branch off from paternal father.
So far I’ve seen some suggest putting the fathers name along with the personal name in the given name tab, then putting paternal grandfather’s personal name in the surname tab. I can add paternal grandfather’s personal name, but I’d like to do away with it completely.
Example using personal name + father’s personal name: >Smith Johnson (father) >Emily Brown (mother) >Luke Smith (Son) >Hannah Smith (daughter)
So in the Smith family tree we’d have parents Smith and Emily with children Luke and Hannah. Any children from a son would inherit his name.
Any tips on how I could do this, or at any rate, how I could add a middle name?
This document gives an example of my desired naming scheme (page 8):
https://www.fbiic.gov/public/2008/nov/Naming_practice_guide_UK_2006.pdf#page8
