INTRODUCTION

This post will attempt to explain the differences in how Filipinos and Indonesians see ethnicity and the nature of the two societies. A couple of years ago I did some posts on the Philippines and Indonesia like TL: DR Reasons for the failure of the Philippines’s foreign policy,

The post will be organized as follows

1. LATITUDINAL VS LONGITUDINAL ARCHIPELAGIC STATE
2. AUSTRONESIAN CORE
   1. ETHNICITY AS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT
3. ETHNO-CULTURAL DIAGRAM
4. RELIGIOUS-CULTURAL LAYERS
5. MULTIPLE SOCIETIES VS MAINSTREAM FILIPINO SOCIETY
6. HIGHLAND AND LOWLAND SOCIETIES
7. BLOOD, LOCATION, AND CULTURE

Many, like Samuel Huntington's in his book Clash of Civilization (1996) label Indonesia as Islamic, and the Philippines as Western, but beyond these simple labels, people are left hanging. Little is done to describe the structure of the societies, how ethnic groups and religious minorities are organized. The four takeaways from this post are:

• Indonesia is a longitudinal archipelagic state-aligned by trade and a shared lingua franca. The Philippines is a latitudinal archipelagic state orientated loosely by trade with China, and later on, shared religion.
• In Maritime Southeast Asia, there are cultural layers, such as Sanskritization, Islam, and Christianity.
• The Indonesian state believes Indonesia consists of multiple societies. While most Filipinos and the Philippines state assume there is mainstream Filipino society.
• The Indonesian state defines ethnicity by blood and keeps detailed records of regions' ethnic composition. The Philippines' state doesn't keep such data.

This post will be the beginning of a series of posts I will do about Indonesia and the Philippines. The purpose of this particular post is to provide a very rough framework for looking at ethnicity, culture, and religion in Indonesia and the Philippines. I won't get into the "why", that will be for subsequent posts.

I decided to do this post, because Indonesia's importance to the Philippines is understated, and its importance will increase markedly after Indonesia moves its

I don't want to step on anybody's toes here, but the amount of non-dad jokes here in this subreddit really annoys me. First of all, dad jokes CAN be NSFW, it clearly says so in the sub rules. Secondly, it doesn't automatically make it a dad joke if it's from a conversation between you and your child. Most importantly, the jokes that your CHILDREN tell YOU are not dad jokes. The point of a dad joke is that it's so cheesy only a dad who's trying to be funny would make such a joke. That's it. They are stupid plays on words, lame puns and so on. There has to be a clever pun or wordplay for it to be considered a dad joke.

Again, to all the fellow dads, I apologise if I'm sounding too harsh. But I just needed to get it off my chest.

I am wondering if anyone who has a Newspapers.com subscription look up my husband's uncle. He was murdered on 10 Aug 1940 • Weiser, Washington County, Idaho, USA.

His name was Clifford (Clyford) Emmet Payne, born: July 25th 1905, Dawson, Texas

Death Certificate shows he was murdered in Weiser Idaho after being thrown from a box car.

Crazy part was my husband never knew until I started doing his family tree!

Thanks in advance.

Edit: I just wanted to thank all who helped and contributed to my request. I think now its time to file a request from more information from the FBI through the Freedom of Information Act.

I think if there was a year that was the busiest when it came to anime dubbing, it was certainly this year. As of December 27th 2021, we have had over 240 dubbed anime in this past year alone: including continuing dubs from 2020, Full season drops, as well as ongoing weekly dubs (or as best to weekly as the hard working Cast and Crew of each show can put out) credit to u/Toonami2020 for providing the data and spreadsheet.

Us anime fans were spoiled with so many great shows this year. And there were indeed some quality shows this year (as well as some bad ones). Many of us will have our own opinions of which shows should be crowned Anime of the Year/Season. But feel free to use this list as time of reflection on the shows that impacted you, made you appreciate the art that is anime, performances that made you laugh/cry, characters that have made a home in your heart, and so much more.

Obviously, like with every "Your Favorite ______" list, it's all completely subjective. So please be respectful of everyone's opinion.

----------

(Copied from last year's "Your Favorites of 2020" post)

Categories include the following, but are not limited to these. So feel free to add in any category you think I missed.

• Favorite Animes of 2021
  • Winter
  • Spring
  • Summer
  • Fall
• Favorite Anime Movies of 2021
• Favorite Characters
• Favorite OP
• Favorite ED
• Favorite Moments
• Favorite Fights
• Favorite Dub Performances
• (Whatever Category you'd Like)

There is no set rules or guidelines to follow. And you can list as many or as little as you want. I have put certain limits on some of my lists, like a number limit, or One Character Per Show limit, but that doesn't mean you have to. This is your list so feel free to name whatever your favorites are.

*Disclaimer: I'm Counting each show as when they aired, rather when the dub was released, unless show aired before 2021. (For Instance: Otherside Picnic aired on Jan. 4th 2021 will be counted as a Win

Why won't she? BECAUSE SHE'S THREE AND A HALF.

But seriously.... I've tried the following with varying degrees of success:

• Playing dentist
• Playing with puppets
• Getting a cute monster toothbrush holder
• Providing a choice of toothbrush/toothpaste
• Singing songs
• Playing Elmo Brushy-Brush
• Setting toothbrush up, letting her do it independently
• Using our Bedtime Routine and Wake-Up Routine visual aids, and letting her choose which task she does first. This worked for a while but has stopped.
• Switching places with my husband (who employs similar tactics with varying degrees of success)
• Saying, "You know how we wash our hair, to get it clean? Same with teeth. We brush them to keep them clean." (Ha! Logic with a 3-year-old?! Can you tell I'm desperate?)
• Saying, "Teeth have germs. Germs are yucky. Let's get the yucky off." (She's super grossed out by dirty hands, so I thought this would work. NO!)
• Threatening no Daniel Tiger/Clifford shows (this never worked - she loves TV, but not enough to tow the line).
• Saying "We'll brush teeth then do The Fun Thing/Fun Game/Fun Outing/Big Trip" (this never works unless we're going on a trip).
• Threatening to cancel Christmas (just kidding - but I was *this* close).

I'm tired guys. I love my fiercely strong-willed, bright and playful toddler. But it's Christmas Eve and we were in yet another battle today, which feels awful on a holiday. I went in the bathroom to give my husband a break and he said they were sitting there until she decided to brush. She immediately came over to me and was obviously upset over the whole ordeal. She wanted me to hug and cuddle her (I did, of course) and I asked her, "Do you know why we brush? To keep our teeth CLEAN, just like we wash our face." When I knew I had her undivided attention, I said, "You know what I'd REALLY like to do? I'd REALLY like to make The Special Project - remember we said that we'd do The Special Project after you brushed?" Finally that worked, but we can't do A Special Thing every day. It gets old for her and it's unsustainable for me.

There are not many hills I'm willing to die on with a three-year-old. My thing is safety, health and cleanliness, and I've told her "Daddy and I don't like to say no, but we do when we have to keep you healthy or safe. Brushing teeth is healthy, so it's something you have to do two times a day."

TL;DR: It is an epic struggle to get my 3.5 year-old to brush her teeth. This has been going on for MONTHS. I'v

I know I’m a few days late to the party but I finally managed to complete my 2021 summary, so here it is.

THE NUMBERS

51 books read, plus one DNF. Two books were physical copies, the rest were on kindle. No audiobooks. This includes part of a 2020 Bingo card, a complete 2021 Bingo card and most of a second 2021 card. This was in line with my objectives for the year, as I wanted to see if I could complete two 2021 Bingo cards. I have eight books left for my second card, comfortably on track to complete it on time. Next year I’ll just do one card, as I have some series and non-genre reads to catch up on.

23 Fantasy, 20 Science Fiction, 6 Horror and 2 genre-related nonfiction. Some books have elements of multiple genres, so these numbers are approximate.

30 books by new-to-me authors (Book Bingo working as intended!). The majority of these books were good or better, and several were truly excellent.

26 Female and 25 Male authors as far as I know (allowing for some multi-author books and some authors for whom I read more than one book), with apologies for any mis-gendering.

THE BOOKS

I don’t give books numerical ratings, as I find it impossible to give consistent ratings over the course of a year. Similarly, my choice for the top books would change from day to day. However, there are certainly books that stand out from the rest, so here are some short(ish) comments on my notable books of the year (NB possible minor spoilers). The categories that I’ve used are arbitrary and I’ve chosen to restrict books to one category only, which forced some interesting choices. The order in which books are listed within a category has no significance.

………………………………

BEST PROSE

The Empress of Salt and Fortune by Nghi Vo. This is a beautiful and poignant novella, telling a brief history of the titular Empress as recounted by someone who knew and loved her. Chih, a travelling cleric and scholar, visits a remote country house to learn more of the Empress of Salt and Fortune. The Empress was a victim of a forced marriage who had spent several years in exile at the house before overthrowing her husband the Emperor and becoming Empress in her own right. At the house Chih meets Rabbit, a former servant and friend of the Empress, who tells stories of the Empress’ rise to power that are prompted by various objects found around the house. Vo uses the structure of stories within a story perfectly, recounting historically significant even

This is honestly one of the weirdest disagreements I've ever had to deal with. It has me wondering if maybe I am in fact the AH.

So, some background info. I (33F) have been dealing with depression and anxiety since a car accident I was in earlier this year, with the help of medications and therapy I am getting better. I used to be able to read 4-5 books a week. But the depression took my joy of reading away, among many other joys I had. My husband (38M) has been absolutely amazing and understanding. Once I started to feel a little better, I started reading some of my children's books. Starting with "Clifford the big red dog" books and kinda moving up from there. I know it sounds silly to start reading books made for children, but for a while that was as long as I was able to focus. As I got better I slowly started reading longer books. Currently, I am reading YA books. The easier plots are easier for me to focus on, and I am getting my joy for reading back.

In my area, the local library has a service that allows you to check out books throw their website, and be picked up either in the drive through or inside. My husband usually picks up and returns the books for me, as I have anxiety attacks when I try to get into the car, again this is being dealt with. I had a friend that wanted to come by and see how I was doing, and she offered to get the books from the library for me as she was going anyway. When she got to my house, she didn't have the books, and I initially thought that she forgot to get the books, which wasn't a big deal as my husband goes right by the library on his way home from work. My friend was talking about some of the books she got while at the library. So I asked if she remembered to get my books for me. She said no, I chose not to get them. The books aren't for you. They're made for children, and you're a grown woman who should read grown books. She then proceeded to hand me some books she brought with her. I have read some of the authors she was giving to me. I said, that right now, I do not want to read those books. I can't focus on the plots, and I'm uncomfortable with some content since the accident. She told me I was being ridiculous and that I needed to get over myself and grow up. It's just a book. I handed her back the books she gave me and told her to leave. I talked about it with another friend, and they said that I was overreacting and that I needed to push myself to get better.

I just want to add that my progress wit

Do your worst!

I'm surprised it hasn't decade.

For context I'm a Refuse Driver (Garbage man) & today I was on food waste. After I'd tipped I was checking the wagon for any defects when I spotted a lone pea balanced on the lifts.

I said "hey look, an escaPEA"

No one near me but it didn't half make me laugh for a good hour or so!

Edit: I can't believe how much this has blown up. Thank you everyone I've had a blast reading through the replies 😂

It really does, I swear!

We’re looking for a classic boy name with a well-known nickname for our son. I’ve come here before and gotten some great advice but every single name I like has already been used by someone (or someone’s) in our family. Another contender is my sister’s married last name which also feels hinky to me. It feels weird to give my baby a name that my cousin or my uncle has but I’m running out of thoughts.

Names we (most likely) cannot/ would not use for familial reasons:

• William
• Ryan
• Benjamin
• Andrew
• Thomas
• Joshua

Names we’re considering but don’t quite feel like the one:

• Alexander
• Mitchell (but Mitch is a 40 yo man in my mind)
• Clifford (I can’t get past the dog but I like Cliff)
• Cameron (too unisex for my husband’s preference)
• Geoffrey (but I only like it with a G and I know it would get misspelled with J)
• Nicholas
• Jack (but loathe Jackson from teaching, other options to get to Jack?)

Names not an option from my teaching background:

• Lucas (or any variant)
• Jackson
• Patrick
• George

Any thoughts?

They’re on standbi

Buenosdillas

Pilot on me!!

To everyone who loved my meme and continued to support me through each round. I want to say: THANK YOU!!! ❤❤❤.

I don't have much of a following. We got nearly 200 votes over the course of the of the 3 rounds, not to mention the 95 votes in round 3!.

Between the top three we had

1st 99 2nd 98 And myself 95 ---- wish I didn't have to sleep 😪. 4th 72 5th 59

That's 373 amazing supporters and alot of push out into the universe we all advertised so well. I was a bit sad to see I had fallen out of 1st to 3rd but when you are in a race you can't sleep or take breaks. My mistake.

Hope to see as much enthusiasm in the following events. I don't think I can commit that and energy again though. I don't handle losing well. I'm a father of 4 and a husband and that took alot out of my free time to participate. I do love this token #CLIFFARMY community. I see a bright future for $CLIFF.

AGAIN congrats 👏 💖 to the top two. And most importantly to the community for shilling it for CLIFFORD.

Dad jokes are supposed to be jokes you can tell a kid and they will understand it and find it funny.

This sub is mostly just NSFW puns now.

If it needs a NSFW tag it's not a dad joke. There should just be a NSFW puns subreddit for that.

Edit* I'm not replying any longer and turning off notifications but to all those that say "no one cares", there sure are a lot of you arguing about it. Maybe I'm wrong but you people don't need to be rude about it. If you really don't care, don't comment.

When I got home, they were still there.

What did 0 say to 8 ?

" Nice Belt "

So What did 3 say to 8 ?

" Hey, you two stop making out "

I won't be doing that today!

[Removed]

You take away their little brooms

This morning, my 4 year old daughter.

Daughter: I'm hungry

Me: nerves building, smile widening

Me: Hi hungry, I'm dad.

She had no idea what was going on but I finally did it.

Thank you all for listening.

Nothing, he was gladiator.

Why

It’s pronounced “Noel.”

After all his first name is No-vac

What, then, is Chinese rap?

Edit:

Notable mentions from the comments:

• Spanish/Swedish/Swiss/Serbian hits

• French/Finnish art

• Country/Canadian rap

• Chinese/Country/Canadian rock

• Turkish/Tunisian/Taiwanese rap

There hasn't been a post all year!