Apostrophe or no? This is for editing formal published writing, and I can’t seem to find a definitive answer anywhere. Thank you!
This includes a ridiculous stretch of National League dominance from 1951-1979 where a black player either won the NL MVP or led the NL in bWAR every. single. year.
There might be some discussion about who is considered "black" here. I just picked every person I think would have been excluded from the Major Leagues before Jackie Robinson.
'47: First year of integration. Jackie Robinson wins Major League ROTY.
'48: Not much here really. There were four black players in MLB in 1948. Larry Doby, Jackie Robinson, and Roy Campanella all received MVP votes. Satchel Paige had the third best ERA+ for any major league pitcher who pitched in at least 21 games. He was 41.
’49: Jackie Robinson NL MVP+bWAR
’50: Nothing. Jackie Robinson 3rd in NL bWAR, Larry Doby 2nd in AL bWAR
'50: Nothing. Jackie Robinson and Larry Doby both come second in their leagues for Position Player bWAR.
’51: Roy Campanella NL MVP, Jackie Robinson NL bWAR.
’52: Jackie Robinson NL bWAR.
’53: Roy Campanella NL MVP.
’54: Willie Mays NL MVP+bWAR. Minnie Miñoso AL bWAR.
’55: Roy Campanella NL MVP, Willie Mays NL bWAR.
’56: Don Newcombe NL MVP+Cy Young, Willie Mays NL bWAR.
’57: Hank Aaron NL MVP, Willie Mays NL bWAR.
’58: Ernie Banks NL MVP, Willie Mays NL bWAR.
’59: Ernie Banks NL MVP+bWAR.
’60: Willie Mays NL bWAR
’61: Frank Robinson NL MVP, Willie Mays NL bWAR
’62: Maury Wills NL MVP, Willie Mays NL bWAR.
’63: Willie Mays NL bWAR. Elston Howard AL MVP.
’64: Willie Mays NL bWAR.
’65: Willie Mays NL MVP+bWAR. Zoilo Versalles AL MVP.
’66: Roberto Clemente NL MVP, Willie Mays NL bWAR. Frank Robinson AL MVP.
’67: Orlando Cepeda NL MVP
’68: Bob Gibson NL MVP+bWAR.
’69: Willie McCovey NL MVP, Bob Gibson bWAR. Mike Cuellar AL Cy Young.
’70: Bob Gibson NL bWAR.
’71: Fergie Jenkins NL bWAR+Cy Young. Vida Blue AL MVP+Cy Young.
’72: Dick Allen AL MVP. Joe Morgan NL position player bWAR.
’73: Reggie Jackson MVP AL. Joe Morgan NL position player bWAR.
’74: Rod Carew AL PPbWAR.
’75: Rod Carew AL PPbWAR.
’76: Joe Morgan NL MVP.
’77: George Fost NL MVP. Rod Carew AL MVP+bWAR.
’78: Dave Parker NL MVP+PPbWAR, Jim Rice AL MVP+PPbWAR.
’79: Dave Winfield NL bWAR. Don Baylor AL MVP.
’80: Nobody! For the first time in 30 years. Rickey Henderson comes 2nd in AL bWAR and Andre Dawson comes second in NL PPbWAR, thoguh.
’81: Rickey Henderson AL bWAR.
’82: Nobody! Lonnie Smith and Eddie Murray come 2nd in NL and AL MVP voting.
’83: Nobody! Andre Dawson and Eddie Murray
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United States Foreign Aid 1948/49-1952/53
ANTI-COMMUNISM IS A PRECONDITION
IG AID
| State | Economic Loans | Economic Grants | Military Grants | IBRD | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | $21,000,000 | $2,400,000 | $100,000 | $23,500,000 | |
| Arabia | $4,800,000 | $400,000 | $100,000 | $5,300,000 | |
| Argentina | $188,755,556 | $1,476,132,230 | $77,691,170 | $1,742,578,956 | |
| Australia | $1,300,000 | $100,000,000 | $101,300,000 | ||
| Austria | $679,800,000 | CLASSIFIED | $679,800,000 | ||
| Belgium | $75,500,000 | $491,300,000 | $174,100,000 | $16,000,000 | $756,900,000 |
| Bolivia | $18,472,337 | $39,505,180 | $6,079,220 | $64,056,737 | |
| Brazil | $183,817,981 | $1,309,761,390 | $68,934,810 | $117,600,000 | $1,680,114,181 |
| Burma | $10,200,000 | $200,000 | $10,400,000 | ||
| Canada | $100,043,750 | $1,425,002,565 | $77,700,135 | $1,602,746,450 | |
| Chile | $80,664,869 | $331,017,400 | $1,000,000 | $412,682,269 | |
| China | $432,900,000 | $47,900,000 | $34,900,000 | $515,700,000 | |
| Colombia | $28,140,756 | $301,551,470 | $15,871,130 | $30,100,000 | $375,663,356 |
| Costa Rica | $42,084,400 | $39,980,180 | $2,104,220 | $84,168,800 | |
| Cuba | $42,050,669 | $508,567,490 | $26,766,710 | $577,384,869 | |
| Denmark | $16,650,000 | $119,850,000 | $136,500,000 | ||
| Dominican | $4,344,675 | $73,785,360 | $3,883,440 | $82,013,475 | |
| Ecuador | $11,658,506 | $58,260,270 | $3,066,330 | $100,000 | $73,085,106 |
| Egypt | $0 | ||||
| El Salvador | $2,896,450 | $50,140,240 | $2,638,960 | $12,600,000 | $68,275,650 |
| Ethiopia | $1,300,000 | $8,600,000 | $9,900,000 | ||
| Finland | $0 | ||||
| France | $0 | ||||
| Germany | $154,475,000 | $468,475,000 | $622,950,000 | ||
| Greece | $733,400,000 | $223,400,000 | $956,800,000 | ||
| Guatemala | $3,620,562 | $67,330,300 | $3,543,700 | $74,494,562 | |
| Haiti | $15,548,225 | $26,590,120 | $1,399,480 | $100,000 | $43,637,825 |
| Honduras | $1,810,281 | $31,860,150 | $1,676,850 | $35,347,281 | |
| Iceland | $5,400,000 | $24,000,000 | $3,500,000 | $32,900,000 | |
| India | $114,120,000 | $35,100,000 | $56,800,000 | $206,020,000 | |
| Indonesia | $117,100,000 | $90,300,000 | $3,900,000 | $100,000 | $211,400,000 |
| Iran | $10,500,000 | $200,000 | $10,700,000 | ||
| Iraq | $3,000,000 | $6,400,000 | $9,400,000 | ||
| Ireland | $128,200,000 | $19,300,000 | $147,500,000 | ||
| Israel | $135,000,000 | $86,500,000 | CLASSIFIED | $100,000 | $221,600,000 |
| Italy | $99,100,000 | $1,421,300,000 | $169,700,000 | $10,000,000 | $1,700,100,000 |
| Japan | $273,400,000 | $1,071,800,000 | $1,345,200,000 | ||
| Jordan | $5,200,000 | $5,200,000 | |||
| Korea | $485,600,000 | $11,700,000 | $497,300,000 | ||
| Lebanon | $0 | ||||
| Liberia | $10,600,000 | $2,100,000 | $100,000 | $12,800,000 | |
| Malta | $300,000 | $300,000 | |||
| Mexico | $168,974,412 | $746,703,420 | $39, |
Born: May 13, 1922, 1 brother, 1 sister. Mother was a Russian immigrant. Grew up within walking distance from basketball courts at Recreation Park, where he was always the youngest player on the court by 2-3 years.
The Human Projectile. The Syracuse Speedster. Bullet Bill. Binghamton Bill. Billy the Bullet. This isn’t a group of sprinters, lined up waiting on the firing of the starting pistol. This is one ball player. The hardwood variety. A cager, a basketeer, a sharpshooter. These words were used in the papers to describe William Gabor. Open a newspaper and any article that mentions his name most likely includes him in the headline. From Binghamton to Syracuse, Billy would grab the headlines from high school to college to the pros and beyond.
Nicknamed "Bullet,'' Gabor was one of the fastest players ever. In 1976, Michigan coach Johnny Orr said one of his Wolverines guards was the fastest player he had seen since Billy Gabor.
High School- Binghamton Central High School
Played halfback on football team.
1937-38- Led Southern Tier Conference in scoring
1938-39- Named All-Eastern Division All-Star Forward, Southern Tier Conference
Three straight state basketball championships
College- Syracuse University
Nicknamed “The Bullet” for his quickness and speed on the court, the 5’ 11” Gabor set a number of individual scoring records in a Syracuse University basketball uniform. Billy was a tremendous playmaker and prolific scorer, and the first Syracuse player to have a significant career in the NBA.
1942-43, Freshman: Billy played at Syracuse in the 1942-43 season. As a freshman, Gabor did not play in Syracuse's first five games of the 1942-43 season. Syracuse was 1-6 when coach Lew Andreas put Gabor in the starting lineup. Gabor responded with 22 points in a 52-51 win over Cornell. During his freshman season he would set the single game scoring record of 28 points (which would be broken three days later by Bob Shaddock). To put that in perspective, Jonny Flynn set the SU freshman record for most points in his college debut with 28 points against Siena. Technically, Gabor didn't score 22 points in his college debut, but he did score 22 points in his second college game and his first career start.
He averaged 12.1 points a game his freshman year, before World War II called him to duty. He served as a bombardier and Lieutenant in the Army Air Corp.
1945-46, Sophomore: Two seasons later in 1945, Gabor returned to college and basketball. His first season
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