https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32105390
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory signals induce metabolic reprogramming in innate and adaptive immune cells of both myeloid and lymphoid lineage, characterized by a shift to aerobic glycolysis akin to the Warburg effect first described in cancer. Blocking the switch to aerobic glycolysis impairs the survival, differentiation, and effector functions of pro-inflammatory cell types while favoring anti-inflammatory and regulatory phenotypes. Glycolytic reprogramming may therefore represent a selective vulnerability of inflammatory immune cells, providing an opportunity to modulate immune responses in autoimmune disease without broad toxicity in other tissues of the body. The mechanisms by which aerobic glycolysis and the balance between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation regulate immune responses have only begun to be understood, with many additional insights expected in the years to come. Immunometabolic therapies targeting aerobic glycolysis include both pharmacologic inhibitors of key enzymes and glucose-restricted diets, such as the ketogenic diet. Animal studies support a role for these pharmacologic and dietary therapies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, and in a few cases proof of concept has been demonstrated in human disease. Nonetheless, much more work is needed to establish the clinical safety and efficacy of these treatments. This article is categorized under: Biological Mechanisms > Metabolism Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine Biological Mechanisms > Cell Signaling.
Right now I’m taking my first mol.Med. class and learned about trained immunity and how the metabolism in macrophages switches to aerobic glycolysis after contact with specific PAMPs. As far as I understood this procedure, the cell requires a higher amount of glucose in order to produce more ATP. Therefore the uptake of glucose needs to be upregulated in some kind of way. Do you guys know how that is regulated? Do you now some papers about this topic? And why exactly is it profitable for the trained macrophages to switch to aerobic glycolysis? Thank you in advise.
It automatically quits out of the game.
Anyone else have this issue?
Does anyone know some good literature on this topic? Perhaps a good book to start with?
