Non-mormon scholarship based on empirical evidence dictates a current ZERO evidence extant of any horses during the period of time the BoM covers in any of the possible geographical locations of the BoM.
Setting Tapir Dan loose translation bullshit aside...
I have seen some of the more dishonest and disingenuous Mormon apologists attempt to use this Native American woman, her spiritualist beliefs about horses and superficial descriptions of her "sources" as evidence for horse usage by native Americans prior to the Spanish colonial invasion.
First, Yvette Running Horse Collinβs entire approach to horse history isn't based on science or anthropology , but her own resentment that Europeans are credited in history and following the science, as the source of the horses she loves (she has a native American horse sanctuary, etc.). As she says herself.
βWhat they are trying to do is shorten the length of time that we were here to make us not as critical to this place. They say, βNative people came over the land bridge.β Why? Why are they making us as having been from somewhere else? Why couldnβt we have been here? Thatβs number one. Number two is that Europeans are still credited for bringing the horses and introducing them to Native people. What does that mean? They are telling us over and over again that anything that they consider to be of value in our cultures is still βderivativeβ of theirs.β
Like Mormon apologists, she's tainted her approach by dictating a desirable outcome vs. Following the evidence.
You'll find the more dishonest Mormon apologists listing articles like the following as "evidence"
https://indiancountrytoday.com/news/yes-world-there-were-horses-in-native-culture-before-the-settlers-came
There is no scientific study, no peer-reviewed literature to support the pre-columbian horse belief.
Collins wrote a "dissertation" where she attempted to gather evidences of pre-columbian horses.
That dissertation is 70-80% oral tradition. The rest is misrepresenting actual archaeology and anthropology by calling drawings "horses" that could be any four legged creature, and even attempting to misrepresent news articles that actually disprove her theory.
I recommend all Mormons and non-Mormons read her dissertation so if not mormon, you don't get duped by a dishonest Mormon spreading it and if mormon, so you don't make the mistake of giving it credence and spreading it resulting in you and Mormonism looking either ignorant or dishonest by anyone wh
... keep reading on reddit β‘
Hello
Look who's crawled back into your life, it's me or well this subreddit as a whole.... yeah
Third place: gasp what is this? a tie for third place? yea we have u/V_Codwheel and u/K_Josef with x-post because we badly need content and It's time for another "Star War" respectively
Second place: u/parmesanpesto with Sometimes they fought wars just to catch prisoners for sacrificing
First place: u/K_Josef with The Inca be like
The Khmer Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_Empire
The Khmer Empire (Khmer: α αααααααααα), or the Angkorian Empire (Khmer: α αααααα’αααα), are the terms that historians use to refer to Cambodia from the 9th century to the 15th century when the nation was a Hindu/Buddhist empire in Southeast Asia. The empire grew out of the former civilizations of Funan and Chenla, at times ruled over and/or vassalised most of mainland Southeast Asia and parts of Southern China, stretching from the tip of the Indochinese Peninsula northward to modern Yunnan province, China, and from Vietnam westward to Myanmar.
I'll try to be on time.
I'm curious if there's any games about natives in the Americas before European colonization or discovery (so pre 1492). Don't care too much which style of game.
Although I've been able to find a good deal of material on the governments and organization of various native American tribes during the pre-columbian era, I've had much less luck finding information about Apachean tribes.
I was curious how the distribution of power was determined for Navajo and/or Apache people prior to contact with Europeans, what sort of people had positions of leadership and what sort of heirarchies, if any, were part of Navajo life.
Some of the Pre-Columbian civilizations that inhabited the Americas we know today like the Aztec Empire or the Inca Empire were rulled by monarchs, tlatoanis in the Aztec Empire and sapa incas in the Inca Empire but, were there civilizations not rulled by a monarch?
I've read that the nahua state of Tlaxcala was rulled not by a monarch but by a council and so far this is the only civilization I've encountered that didn't have a monarch as its ruler.
Were there other states besides Tlaxcala that could be considered republics or democracies in today's terms?
Title
Hi. I am an avid reader of American history who over the years has neglected to read much on the pre-Columbian history of our land. I am trying to find 3 or 4 books to tackle that would give me the most complete understanding I can. Several Google searches seem to recommend Charles Mann's 1491. That appears to be touted as a good general overview. Any ideas for 2 or 3 more than might be a little more specific; maybe the best book on the slave trade, or another topic that could be more specific. Thanks.
I am aware that Tenochtitlan and other cities in that area had beautiful ornamental gardens at the time of arrival. Do we know anything about ornamental gardening in what is now the United States? Just as an example, did any societies or cultures in the Southeast cultivate irises or perhaps orchids?
What do we know about the prevalence of obesity and how it was viewed in the culture of your expertise?
Hi all, I really hope someone reads this. I'm feeling a little stupid. I am wondering about the spice trade's influence on West and Central African cuisine, which herbs and spices were traded out of Africa into Europe (aside from melegueta pepper, Ashanti pepper...I understand this much). What do you know about contact between North and East Africa, and Central and West Africa? Before the New World foods eclipsed much of the African diet, what on earth did we eat? Just meats, yams, with salt, oil, seeds, grains, and barely piquant pepper seeds? What of the migration of ginger? Is it possible the aforementioned areas of Africa had ginger before the Portuguese brought it? And, what of the banana phytoliths found in about 500BC in Cameroon? This is an unresolved issue, as far as I know...but could plantains have been a part of the Central and West African diet by the early 15th century?
Since a couple of weeks I'm incredibly into pre Columbian stuff. You know aztec, inca, maya etc. I'd like a book or books that cover these fields, but it/they shouldn't solely be informative. They should have some story to them and be entertaining. Thank you.
I'm in the midst of a rather quickly expanding research project on the topic of pre-Columbian Native American politics, and (surprise!) am finding it difficult to track down good sources. I've looked into the formation of the 3 Fires Council, and their conflicts with the Iroquois and Sioux (and, looking at some post-Columbian history, have also delved into the Iron Confederacy), but I'm having trouble finding much in the way of specifics. I know the 3 Fires and the Sioux fought, but over what? What caused the Iroquois and Ojibwe to clash? Who were some of the major players? What were the good stories?
In short, what stories do we have about Native Americans that don't involve Europeans?
I've been wanting to play as an ancient mayan warrior to see how battles would be like with obsidian weapons and little armor. I like studying pre-Columbian Mexican history.
I have this image of natives living a life of abundant hunting and easy gathering living in an almost ideal human habitat while I picture European life of the same era to be filthy, brutal and wretched. How accurate is this conception?
Also the article suggests ritual cannibalism was practiced.
https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/military-history/history-heritage/popular-books/aboriginal-people-canadian-military/warfare-pre-columbian-north-america.html
>Torturing prisoners was not uncommon among some indigenous cultures. According to an 18th Century account by the Jesuit Claude Allouez, who lived among the Illinois:
And so on.
I normally would dismiss such claims as some sort of bullshit internet racism, but it's coming from the Government of Canada website (though that's obviously no guarantee of it being without bigotry).
There are a couple of older threads I've found on the matter:
https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/76tvy4/cannibalism_among_north_american_indians/
This one references a quote from native-languages.org, which I'm sure is operated by fairly informed people, but doesn't seem to give any primary sources (which of course the Government of Canada site doesn't either, except for the report from the Jesuit priest, which I'm sure we can all agree could be taken with a grain of salt).
https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3yr64j/just_watched_bone_tomahawk_with_kurt_russel_how/
This thread references the article "The Man Eating Myth", which seems to be a fairly strong rebuttal to the idea of cannibalism (though not torture).
Just as a layman, reading through the Wikipedia page of the article, this jumped out at me:
>In The Man-Eating Myth, Arens notes that he was unable to find any form of "adequate documentation" for the existence of socially sanctioned cannibalism in any recorded society.[12] As such, he remained "dubious" that cannibalism has ever existed as an approved social activity.
Which struck me as a bit odd, since the scope of his argument seems to be global, and ritual cannibalism is well-documented among the Fore of Papua New Guinea, as evidenced by the Kuru disease.
I dunno, it's a lot of stuff, to take in. Mostly I was just surprised to see such a description on an official Canadian government website, and I was hoping that someone could provide some context to what I'm reading or background information, or refutation or support or whatever.
In short, what's going on here?
Pre-Columbian sphere measuring 1.23m in diameter found by farm workers in Palmar Sur de Osa.
I have had a long fascination with the culture at large, but obviously not on an intimate level. I have read Gary Jennings' "Aztec," as a fictional backdrop, but I have also examined more "textbook" sources on their role as well. I was simply hoping to know what rights and liberties they were afforded in the time before Cortez.
I am aware that Tenochtitlan and other cities in that area had beautiful ornamental gardens at the time of arrival. Do we know anything about ornamental gardening in what is now the United States? Just as an example, did any societies or cultures in the Southeast cultivate irises or perhaps orchids?
