Edward Goldsmith Puns

Here is the link to the statistics in the post.

Racing on road courses, in any motorsport, is not easy. This is especially the case in the NASCAR Cup Series.

Throughout the history of NASCAR, a total of 1,023 drivers have raced on at least one road course in the NASCAR Cup Series. Out of those drivers, just 60 have won at least one road course race in their careers.

In terms of numbers, it means that only 5.8% of all drivers, who have raced on road courses, have won at least a single road course race.

Drivers by road course wins:

9 wins: Jeff Gordon

8 wins: Tony Stewart

6 wins: Richard Petty, Ricky Rudd, Bobby Allison, Rusty Wallace, and Chase Elliott

5 wins: Darrel Waltrip, Tim Richmond, and Dan Gurney

4 wins: Mark Martin, Kyle Busch, Martin Truex Jr., and David Pearson

3 wins: Geoff Bodine, Ernie Irvan, Cale Yarborough, and Tim Flock

2 wins: Terry Labonte, Kevin Harvick, Robby Gordon, Ray Elder, Marcos Ambrose, Juan Pablo Montoya, Parnelli Jones, Billy Wade, and Marshall Teague

1 win: Kyle Petty, Dale Earnhardt, Bill Elliott, Kurt Busch, Jimmie Johnson, Benny Parsons, Denny Hamlin, Clint Bowyer, Kasey Khane, Joey Logano, Carl Edwards, A.J. Allmendinger, Buck Baker, Kyle Larson, Lee Petty, Marvin Panch, Fireball Roberts, Ryan Blaney, Davey Allison, Steve Park, Paul Goldsmith, Jack Smith, A.J. Foyt, Bill Blair, Darel Dieringer, Eddie Gray, Lloyd Dane, Al Keller, Cotton Owens, Christopher Bell, Red Byron, Mark Donohue, and Harold Kite

0 wins: Any NASCAR Cup Series driver that is not on this list.

Other statistics:

No Cup Series driver has a total of 7 road course wins.

Chase Elliott has the most active wins with 6 road course wins.

Dave Marcus has the most road course starts without a win at 50.

It just shows how much difficult it is to win on a road course in the Cup Series. To put it in perspective, here is the winning percentages of drivers who have won on a road course in the Cup Series:

(NOTE: The current drivers in the Cup Series, that have run at least one road course this year, are in bold and italicized.)

Road Course Win Percentages:

1. Jeff Gordon: 19.1% (9 out of 47)
2. Tony Stewart: 23.5% (8 out of 34)
3. Richard Petty: 10.2% (6 out of 59)
4. Ricky Rudd: 10.9% (6 out of 55)
5. Bobby Allison: 13% (6 out of 46)
6. Rusty Wallace: 13% (6 out of 46)
7. Chase Elliott: 40% (6 out of 15)
8. Darrel Waltrip: 9.4% (5 out of 53)
9. Tim Richmond: 31.2% (5 out of 1

A beautiful sterling silver vase

Sterling silver is an alloy of 92.5% silver and other metals, typically copper. While fine silver is designated as being 99.9% silver, sterling silver has a minimum requirement of 92.5%. Sterling silver is commonly utilized in the creation of useful everyday household items and due to the relative softness of fine silver, copper or other harder metals are added to increase the hardness and strength of the items crafted in silver. As sterling silver is prone to tarnishing due to its metal composition and whereas copper is susceptible to the tarnishing, other elements are utilized to create the alloy as well including germanium, zinc, platinum, silicon, and boron.

Sterling silver’s history can be traced back to 12th century Europe in an area that is now northern Germany and its use in England can be traced to around the same time as it was subject to office assay during the reign of Henry II. The first legal definition of sterling silver appears during the reign of Edward I, Longshanks of the movie Braveheart fame, where it was specified that 12 Troy ounces of silver for coinage should contain 11 ounces 2+1⁄4 pennyweights of silver and 17+3⁄4 pennyweights of alloy, with 20 pennyweights to the Troy ounce. While this was not precisely the 92.5% sterling silver benchmark established today, it was very close.

Sterling silver became prominent in colonial America as it was utilized heavily for currency and household goods. It is estimated that between 1634 and 1776, some 500 silversmiths created items in the “New World” based on the standard set by the London Goldsmith company whereas sterling silver consisted of 91.5–92.5% by weight silver and 8.5–7.5 wt% copper. Paul Revere, a core symbol of American Patriotism, was considered one of the best silversmiths of sterling silver of his time.

From approximately 1840 to 1940, sterling silver flatware became socially required when setting a table for any social gathering involving food. Many companies rose to meet the demand during this time period, which was particularly pronounced between 1870 and 1920. The arrival of World War 2 saw incomes decline and materials reallocated towards the war. It was a time of scarcity and suffering and sterling silver flatware began to fall out of grace.

Today, sterling silver continues to be utilized in coins, j

In racing, as in all other things, winners are remembered forever while those who finish second sometimes fade into obscurity. There's a good chance that you remember who won races from years ago but wouldn't be able to recall who the runner-up was.

But others of us have an affinity for the guys who come up just short, and we especially remember if it was our favorite driver who finished second. And other times, we lament the guys who finished second but never did score that illusive win in their career.

Just one more spot would have changed their careers.

So, what if we throw out all the NASCAR Cup Series wins since 1949 and instead count second place finishers as the winner? What would the all-time ranks look like then?

Glad you asked!

Below, I have compiled that list with great help from the archives of Racing-Reference and Jayski. As you can see, some drivers' resumes are greatly boosted (Mark Martin, Buddy Baker, Terry Labonte, Harry Gant, Kyle Larson, G.C. Spencer), others are hampered greatly (Cale Yarborough, Darrell Waltrip, Jimmie Johnson, Bill Elliott, Herb Thomas, Joey Logano), and others are very similar.

Richard Petty had quite a few more wins than "P2 wins," but still easily held on to the top spot. David Pearson remained second, but his advantage over the field was whittled down considerably.

Without further ado, here is the NASCAR Cup Series' all-time "P2" wins list:

P2 Rank (Actual Rank). Driver, P2 Wins (Actual Wins)

(Bold = Active Driver)

1 (1). Richard Petty, 156 (200)

2 (2). David Pearson, 89 (105)

3 (T-4). Bobby Allison, 87 (84)

4. (3). Jeff Gordon, 75 (93)

5. (8). Dale Earnhardt, 70 (76)

6 (20). Mark Martin, 61 (40)

7 (T-6). Cale Yarborough, 59 (83)

T-8 (9). Kevin Harvick, 58 (58)

T-8 (T-4). Darrell Waltrip, 58 (84)

10 (17). Buck Baker, 56 (46)

11 (10). Kyle Busch, 54 (57)

12 (12). Lee Petty, 48 (54)

13 (T-6). Jimmie Johnson, 46 (83)

14 (15). Tony Stewart, 44 (49)

T-15 (T-43). Buddy Baker, 42 (19)

T-15 (37). Terry Labonte, 42 (22)

T-15 (11). Rusty Wallace, 42 (55)

18 (T-13). Ned Jarrett, 37 (50)

19 (23). Bobby Isaac, 36 (37)

20 (T-47). Harry Gant, 35 (18)

21 (T-34). Jim Paschal, 34 (25)

22 (T-32). Dale Earnhardt Jr., 32 (26)

T-23 (T-26). Dale Jarrett, 31 (32)

T-23 (T-21). Matt Kenseth, 31 (39)

T-23 (T-38). Benny Parsons, 31 (21)

T-26 (T-18). Denny Hamlin, 30 (44)

T-26 (24). Brad Keselowski, 30 (34)

T-26 (T-38). Bobby Labonte, 30 (21)

T-26 (36). Ricky Rudd, 30 (23)

3

This post idea was stolen from the /r/soccer version which was a stolen idea from the /r/nba version: https://www.reddit.com/r/soccer/comments/nbd1d5/oc_what_if_a_player_could_only_win_the_ballon_dor/

Any new winners are marked in bold

In the future, I am going to make new scores for certain films that make up for the criticisms of their original scores. Like I am going to make significantly better scores to supersede poorly-received original ones.

For example, I am going to make a new score for a certain kaiju film. It would be performed by a 150-piece orchestra with 20 woodwind players, 28 brass players, 86 string players, and 16 percussionists. The score has to make a balance between action music, restrained intimate drama, reused/adapted themes composed by Akira Ifukube, Reijiro Koroku, Michiru Oshima, James Newton Howard, and Alexandre Desplat, and classic "golden-age-of-Hollywood" horror brutality. (Hint: That plan is for my original rescore of Godzilla vs. Kong)

Meanwhile, I'm keeping it in mind to primarily channel the works of Brian Tyler for this opportunity. I'm also taking inspirations from earlier Godzilla film scores (composed by Akira Ifukube, Reijiro Koroku, and Michiru Oshima), the works of David Arnold, Alexandre Desplat, Bear McCreary, Max Steiner, James Newton Howard, Alan Silvestri, Trevor Jones, Bernard Herrmann, Basil Poledouris, Jerry Goldsmith, Danny Elfman, Elliot Goldenthal, Howard Shore, Christopher Young, John Barry, Leonard Rosenman, James Horner, Marco Beltrami, and the most obscure composer of the lot, Herman Stein, a few other scores like Super 8 (by Michael Giacchino), I Kill Giants (by Laurent Perez del Mar), Lifeforce (by Henry Mancini), Soldier (by Joel McNeely), The Descent (by David Julyan), and End of Days (by John Debney), and lastly, various "dark" classical pieces like Ross Edwards' Da Pacem Domine and Shostakovich's String Quartet No. 8.

I'm aware the main tip to do such a thing is to study the sheet music for all these scores, but for now, due to lack of or an inability to access, I'd constantly listen to these scores and pieces to bring forth an impression of what I am going to achieve in this post.

Any other things that can be useful?

My Tea with Jeffrey Epstein — Article from 2019 | Link to article

A tale of mysterious airline upgrades, bounced checks, and a fembot named Sophia

BY EDWARD JAY EPSTEIN

ILLUSTRATION BY BARRY BLITT

SEPTEMBER 14, 2019

Jeffrey Epstein was only a would-be Master of the Universe when I first met him in 1987, at movie producer Coco Brown’s annual Halloween party in New York. I was standing with Isabel Goldsmith, the eldest daughter of the financier Jimmy Goldsmith, when Epstein and his brother, Mark, joined us. “A surfeit of Epsteins,” Isabel remarked. It turned out she had once met Epstein in London.

The next day Epstein called me and said there was something he would like to talk to me about. We met for tea at the Mayfair Hotel on 65th Street the following Thursday. He asked at the outset if I would be interested in writing a story about his business for my monthly “Wall Street Babylon” column in Manhattan, inc. magazine. At this point, all I knew about him was that he was an acquaintance of Isabel Goldsmith’s.

“What is your business?” I asked him. “I’m sort of a financial bounty hunter,” he said, with a big “I know more than you” grin that rarely left his face throughout our tea. He explained that he hunted down hidden money for a fee. He described the convoluted network for hiding money in Andorra, Fiji, Gibraltar, and the Cayman Islands in such vivid detail that I thought he might be in the business of hiding as well of finding it. He dropped so many names in the realm of money machinations—such as Adnan Khashoggi, Aristotle Onassis, and Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan—that his stories, though intriguing, didn’t quite add up. For one thing, I knew Khashoggi well enough to presume that he didn’t need help from Epstein in finding hidden money. And I certainly had no thought of writing a column on this self-styled bounty hunter. As we finished the tea, I mentioned I was leaving for Spain on Monday.

“How do you go?” he asked.

“Iberia Airlines,” I said, adding that I always flew coach.

“If you like, I can upgrade you to first class. Much better food.”

“How?”

“Drop your ticket off with my doorman tomorrow morning. It won’t cost you a penny.”

Epstein lived in a one-bedroom apartment at Solow Tower at 265 East 66th Street. As instructed, I brought my ticket to the doorman on Friday morning, and Friday evening I picked it up with a first-class sticker and a first-class seat assignm

• If you find your book in the thread below, send the number of the book via reddit chat or via Telegram.
• Almost all the books are in their latest editions and some of them are available in multiple editions too
• Books (pdf) are delivered through Google-Drive link
• You can also send requests via reddit chat or by Telegram.
• Also, upvote the post if you found it useful

Please find the list below:

13341. Learning and Teaching: Research-Based Methods 6th edition Don Kauchak, Paul Eggen PDF

13342. Case Studies on Educational Administration 6th edition Theodore J. Kowalski

13343. Reading Statistics and Research 6th edition Schuyler W. Huck

13344. Majority-Minority Relations Census Update 6th edition John E. Farley

13345. Reading Architectural Working Drawings: Residential and Light Construction, Volume 1 6th edition Edward J. Muller, Philip A. Grau

13346. Introduction to Human Services: Through the Eyes of Practice Settings 5th edition Michelle Martin

13347. Instructional Leadership: A Research-Based Guide to Learning in Schools 5th edition Anita Woolfolk, Wayne Kolter Hoy

13348. Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy: Systems, Strategies, and Skills 5th edition Victoria E Kress, Linda W. Seligman,

13349. Helping Young Children Learn Language and Literacy: Birth Through Kindergarten 5th edition Carol Vukelich, Billie Enz,

13350. Literacy in the Early Grades: A Successful Start for PreK-4 Readers and Writers 5th edition Gail E. Tompkins, Emily Rodgers

13351. Drugs, Society and Criminal Justice 5th edition Charles F. Levinthal, Lori Brusman-Lovins

13352. Improving Adolescent Literacy: Content Area Strategies at Work 5th edition Douglas Fisher, Nancy Frey

13353. The Life Span: Human Development for Helping Professionals 5th edition Patricia C. Broderick, Pamela Blewitt

13354. Fundamentals of Phonetics: A Practical Guide for Students 5th edition Larry H. Small

13355. Implementing Change: Patterns, Principles, and Potholes 5th edition Gene E. Hall, Shirley M. Hord

13356. Social Work with Older Adults: A Biopsychosocial Approach to Assessment and Intervention 5th edition Kathleen McInnis-Dittrich

13357. Transforming the School Counseling Profession 5th edition Bradley T. Erford

13358. Clinical Phonetics 5th edition Lawrence D. Shriberg, Raymond D. Kent,

13359. Victimology: Legal, Psychological, and

Our Man Flint (1966) - MAP: 75.41/100

IMDb / Wikipedia / My Collection

An improbably skilled American agent is set to task, destroying the plans of “mad” scientists who’ve learned to control the planet’s weather and tectonics - GALAXY wants to turn the world’s attention and resources to scientific endeavors.

Ok, I’m just going to say it - I love Bond films but I have always considered 007 a little insufferable. He’s too smart, too gifted, too strong, too debonaire, too… everything. He’s not infallible, that’s what gives him some humanness. Listen, I hope we actually have golden boys like Bond out there, protecting the world but not being one myself, I have the distinct suspicion we wouldn’t be great friends.

Enter, Our Man Flint - not to be out done, the American golden boy is naturally an epic level super spy, with all the same qualities but even more so. Where Bond may attract 3 or 4 beauties a film, Derek Flint has 4 living with him!

Best yet, he’s fully vested in the myth of the rugged American individual. He doesn’t work for anyone but himself - he cooly blows off generals, only taking on jobs of his own choosing. When the “mad” scientists plead with him to not destroy their equipment - they have the answers to world hunger, how to stop natural disasters, how to make things fair for all humans - Flint quips back, that world might be their version of “perfect” but it wasn’t his!

The message is clear - personal freedom to do as one pleases is more important than careful management of resources and equality. No matter the cost to himself or anyone or anything else - freedom, baby, freedom. All this, and he’s humble too.

Naturally, the movie is riffing off of Bond films from the era but I personally wouldn’t consider it a spoof. There is a genuine attempt to enter the genre with a new character - Derek Flint is well played by James Coburn who does an amiable job of playing right to the line of camp. He’s hyper intelligent, has skills beyond belief, and he farts charisma - yet, retains that everyman quality in ways Bond never could.

I say the myth of the rugged individual because what’s more American than that. He can’t take orders, is accused of not having discipline - yet, when left alone, he manages himself with gritty determination. There’s nothing we here in the states worship more than the self-made man. It’s such a strong archetype

Phil

Go post NSFW jokes somewhere else. If I can't tell my kids this joke, then it is not a DAD JOKE.

If you feel it's appropriate to share NSFW jokes with your kids, that's on you. But a real, true dad joke should work for anyone's kid.

Mods... If you exist... Please, stop this madness. Rule #6 should simply not allow NSFW or (wtf) NSFL tags. Also, remember that MINORS browse this subreddit too? Why put that in rule #6, then allow NSFW???

Please consider changing rule #6. I love this sub, but the recent influx of NSFW tagged posts that get all the upvotes, just seem wrong when there are good solid DAD jokes being overlooked because of them.

Thank you,

A Dad.

So far nobody has given me a straight answer

..... Will get a reward.

Because they work on many levels

Well, toucan play at that game.

Windows

Martin Freeman, and Andy Serkis.

They also play roles in Lord of the Rings.

I guess that makes them the Tolkien white guys.

Updated my "snubs and surprises" list. It now includes way more categories. I am in no way trying to allege that some of these people are not deserving or that some others are more deserving. The goal of this list is to highlight underappreciated artists that the Academy didn't recognize (enough). It also serves to debunk some baseless claims, such as Meryl not being deserving for a lot of her awards.

• The list looks at all journalist and critic groups' nominations in a given year. Every nomination counts as a point. If the person has enough points to be in the Top 5 at the end, they are for lack of a better word "deserving". If they can't make the Top 5, they are not. If someone from the Top doesn't get nominated they are "snubbed". If someone outside of the Top 5 gets nominated, they pull off a "surprise".
• • means snub, - means surprise. Don't take them literally, a surprise could be nice, boring or can happen due to screner issues.
• The numbers next to the names signal their nominations and wins only in the respective category/categories. Eg. PTA won't have his director nominations counted in the screenplay category and vice versa.

DIRECTING

snubbed twice:

• Todd Haynes^0;0 (+ 2015: Carol, 2002: Far from Heaven)
• Peter Jackson^2;1 (+ 2005: King Kong, 2002: The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers)
• Quentin Tarantino^3;0 (+ 2003: Kill Bill: Vol. 1, 1992: Reservoir Dogs)
• Martin Scorsese^9;1 (+ 1993: The Age of Innocence, 1976: Taxi Driver)
• Luis Buñuel^0;0 (+ 1977: That Obscure Object of Desire, 1972: The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie)

snubbed twice, surprised once:

• Paul Thomas Anderson^2;0 (+ 2012: The Master, 1997: Boogie Nights) (- 2017: Phantom Thread)

snubbed three times:

• David Fincher^3;0 (+ 2014: Gone Girl, 2007: Zodiac, 1995: Se7en)
• Christopher Nolan^1;0 (+ 2010: Inception, 2008: The Dark Knight, 2001: Memento)
• Steven Spielberg^7;2 (+ 1987: Empire of the Sun, 1985: The Color Purple, 1975: Jaws)

surprised twice:

• Adam McKay^2;0 (- 2018: Vice, 2015: The Big Short)
• Bennett Miller^2;0 (- 2014: Foxcatcher, 2005: Capote)
• David O. Russell^2;0 (- 2012: Silver Linings Playbook, 2010: The Fighter)
• Lasse Hallström^2;0 (- 1999: The Cider House Rules, 1987: My Life as a Dog)
• Jim Sheridan^2;0 (- 1993: In the Name of the Father, 1989: My Left Foot)
• Norman Jewison^3;0 (- 1987: Moonstruck, 1971: Fiddler on the Roof)
• Federic

She said apple-lutely

SOLD SOLD SOLD SOLD SOLD

Happy Thursday! My safe is too damn full, so I need to clear out some randos that don't match my stack- items and prices are below. Shipping is $4 for first class for 10 oz and below, $8 for Priority. Payment options are PPFF, Venmo, Zelle, Cashapp, Google Pay, or. Crypto. Items will ship out tomorrow morning. Items will be packed well and taped like a mofo, but once it's at the post office, it's out of my hands. Lastly, PM or chat is fine. Thanks!

Proof and photos

SILVER

BUY THE WHOLE LOT LOT FOR $410 SHIPPED 13.5 oz total

-2014 1 oz British Lunar Year of the Horse- 2 available $31 each

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-2020 1 oz Australian Kangaroo-1 available $31 each

-2014 1 oz Australian Saltwater Crocodile-1 available $31 each

-2015 1/2 oz Australia 1/2 oz Silver Year of the Goat- 1 available $18 each

-2015 1 oz Dublin Company of Goldsmiths Shamrock Coin- 1 available $31 each

-1 oz Captain Edward Teach Blackbeard- 1 available $31 each

'Eye-do'

This is my first post pls don't kill me lol.

The people in the comment section is why I love this subreddit!!

Cred once again my sis wants credit lol

Keep in mind, my son is 4 years old, so everything is an original to him.

I had to work late into the evening yesterday, and he was just going to bed when I got home. I had left home for the office nearly 14 hours prior, had a long day, lots of meetings, traffic, etc.

When I walked through the door, I was exhausted, run down, and starving. My wife hugged me and asked how my day was, and I replied, "Done. It was a good day, but has got me exhausted. I just want to grab a bite and go to bed. I'm hungry."

From my son's bedroom, I hear him shout, "Hi Hungry! Nice to meet you!"

Not only did it make me laugh, but I completely forgot about how hungry and tired I was. I went to his bedroom, and we laughed together about it. It was exactly what I needed.

Edit: Thanks for all the awards, kind strangers! I'll let my son know y'all enjoyed his joke too!

I heard parents named their children lance a lot.

First post please don't kill me

Edit: i went to sleep and now my inbox is dead, thank you kind strangers for the awards!

To get to the... Bottom...

(as told by my 5yo son, I'm so proud)

Japan.

second hand stores!

it's Hans free now..

Old Neeeeiiiiighvy

A buck-an-ear!

I Thank ye kind Matey for the booty! I be truly overwhelmed! Thank you!

Holy cow! Thank you everyone for the upvotes and awards! I wasn’t expecting this!

He should have a good vowel movement. His next diaper change could spell disaster though.

A beautiful sterling silver vase

Sterling silver is an alloy of 92.5% silver and other metals, typically copper. While fine silver is designated as being 99.9% silver, sterling silver has a minimum requirement of 92.5%. Sterling silver is commonly utilized in the creation of useful everyday household items and due to the relative softness of fine silver, copper or other harder metals are added to increase the hardness and strength of the items crafted in silver. As sterling silver is prone to tarnishing due to its metal composition and whereas copper is susceptible to the tarnishing, other elements are utilized to create the alloy as well including germanium, zinc, platinum, silicon, and boron.

Sterling silver’s history can be traced back to 12th century Europe in an area that is now northern Germany and its use in England can be traced to around the same time as it was subject to office assay during the reign of Henry II. The first legal definition of sterling silver appears during the reign of Edward I, Longshanks of the movie Braveheart fame, where it was specified that 12 Troy ounces of silver for coinage should contain 11 ounces 2+1⁄4 pennyweights of silver and 17+3⁄4 pennyweights of alloy, with 20 pennyweights to the Troy ounce. While this was not precisely the 92.5% sterling silver benchmark established today, it was very close.

Sterling silver became prominent in colonial America as it was utilized heavily for currency and household goods. It is estimated that between 1634 and 1776, some 500 silversmiths created items in the “New World” based on the standard set by the London Goldsmith company whereas sterling silver consisted of 91.5–92.5% by weight silver and 8.5–7.5 wt% copper. Paul Revere, a core symbol of American Patriotism, was considered one of the best silversmiths of sterling silver of his time.

From approximately 1840 to 1940, sterling silver flatware became socially required when setting a table for any social gathering involving food. Many companies rose to meet the demand during this time period, which was particularly pronounced between 1870 and 1920. The arrival of World War 2 saw incomes decline and materials reallocated towards the war. It was a time of scarcity and suffering and sterling silver flatware began to fall out of grace.

Today, sterling silver continues to be utilized in coins, j

A beautiful sterling silver vase

Sterling silver is an alloy of 92.5% silver and other metals, typically copper. While fine silver is designated as being 99.9% silver, sterling silver has a minimum requirement of 92.5%. Sterling silver is commonly utilized in the creation of useful everyday household items and due to the relative softness of fine silver, copper or other harder metals are added to increase the hardness and strength of the items crafted in silver. As sterling silver is prone to tarnishing due to its metal composition and whereas copper is susceptible to the tarnishing, other elements are utilized to create the alloy as well including germanium, zinc, platinum, silicon, and boron.

Sterling silver’s history can be traced back to 12th century Europe in an area that is now northern Germany and its use in England can be traced to around the same time as it was subject to office assay during the reign of Henry II. The first legal definition of sterling silver appears during the reign of Edward I, Longshanks of the movie Braveheart fame, where it was specified that 12 Troy ounces of silver for coinage should contain 11 ounces 2+1⁄4 pennyweights of silver and 17+3⁄4 pennyweights of alloy, with 20 pennyweights to the Troy ounce. While this was not precisely the 92.5% sterling silver benchmark established today, it was very close.

Sterling silver became prominent in colonial America as it was utilized heavily for currency and household goods. It is estimated that between 1634 and 1776, some 500 silversmiths created items in the “New World” based on the standard set by the London Goldsmith company whereas sterling silver consisted of 91.5–92.5% by weight silver and 8.5–7.5 wt% copper. Paul Revere, a core symbol of American Patriotism, was considered one of the best silversmiths of sterling silver of his time.

From approximately 1840 to 1940, sterling silver flatware became socially required when setting a table for any social gathering involving food. Many companies rose to meet the demand during this time period, which was particularly pronounced between 1870 and 1920. The arrival of World War 2 saw incomes decline and materials reallocated towards the war. It was a time of scarcity and suffering and sterling silver flatware began to fall out of grace.

Today, sterling silver continues to be utilized in coins, j

Sudden Lee

"No, the regular kind!" I laughed.

10+10 is twenty and 11+11 is twenty too